Abstract: In wireless communications, an access point may decrement multiple backoff counters. Each backoff counter may be associated with a respective access function. A first access function may be associated with downlink transmission of data of a first access category. A second access function may be associated with downlink transmission of a trigger frame for facilitating uplink multi-user transmission. The AP may transmit at least one of a first downlink frame or a trigger frame based at least on the decremented backoff timer associated with the first and second access functions. A station may receive the first downlink frame or the trigger frame. If the trigger frame is received, the station may transmit a second frame to the AP based on an indication of an access category contained in the trigger frame. Other methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: The embodiments provide a method implemented by a first station (STA) for transmitting a frame to an Access Point (AP) as part of an uplink multi-user simultaneous transmission. The method avoids unintentional beamforming at the AP. The method includes receiving a first frame from the AP, where the first frame includes scheduling information for scheduling a simultaneous uplink transmission for the first STA and one or more other STAs, generating a second frame having a common part and a user-specific part, where the second frame is to be transmitted simultaneously with other frames according to the scheduling information, determining a cyclic shift value to be applied to the common part, where the cyclic shift value is determined to be different from one or more cyclic shift values to be applied by each of the other STAs, applying the cyclic shift value to the common part and transmitting the second frame to the AP.

Abstract: In wireless communications, a station associated with a first wireless network may perform early detection of a high-efficiency (HE) frame for spatial reuse (SR). The station may determine a received power of a legacy preamble of the HE frame when the frame is associated with a second wireless network. The station may reduce the received power by a predetermined value. The station may initiate an SR transmission, when the reduced power is less than an overlapping basic service set (OBSS) packet detection level. The station may obtain an SR parameter associated with a second station, where the SR parameter is based on a transmission power level and an interference level at the second station, and initiate an SR transmission, based on the SR parameter and the reduced power. Other methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A first station is configured to perform a method and system to transmit frames to a second station where the first station is associated with a first basic service set (BSS) and the method manages interference of the transmission amongst overlapping basic service sets (OBSSs). The first station detects a received frame on a wireless medium. The first station determines whether the received frame is from a second station, which is associated with a second BSS. The first station determines a received signal strength of the received frame. The first station determines that the received signal strength is below a first OBSS preamble detection level, where the first OBSS preamble detection level is associated with a first transmission power. The first station then sets the first transmission power as a maximum transmission power used by the first station for all frame transmissions during a time period.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to technology for assigning resources to user equipment for a beam failure recovery by a base station. The base station identifies a beam failure random access channel (BRACH) resource holding beam correspondence with a synchronization signal (SS) block resource covering the user equipment, and assigns the user equipment one or more BRACH preambles for each BRACH resource assigned to the user equipment, excluding the BRACH resource holding beam correspondence with the SS block resource covering the user equipment.

Abstract: In wireless communications for multi-users, an access point may generate a first frame for allocating resources to a plurality of stations. The first frame may contain an indication as to whether a station(s) is allocated at least one of a set of resource units (RUs) of a plurality of RUs, such as a center 26-tone RU. The set of resource units may be based on a channel bandwidth of the wireless communications. The indication may be contained in a common block field of signal fields, such as a common block field of high efficiency (HE) signal content channel(s) of an HE signal field. The station(s) may receive the first frame and determine whether the one of the set of RUs is allocated. The station(s) may transmit a second frame to the access point based on resource allocation information in the first frame. Other methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A wireless device transmits a frame by determining a plurality of Resource Units (RUs) of the frame, providing pilots in a first RU of the frame at a first set of positions, providing pilots in a second RU of the frame at a second set of positions, and transmitting the frame. The first set of positions is different from the second set of positions. A wireless device receives a frame including an RU including pilots and processes the pilots. When an RU for the data symbol includes an odd-numbered lowest subcarrier, the pilots are included at a first set of positions in the resource unit. When the RU includes an even-numbered lowest subcarrier, the pilots are included at a second set of positions in the resource unit. The second set of positions is different from the first set of positions.

Abstract: A wireless communication device that is receiving a frame may determine whether the frame is an Up-Link Multi-User (UL MU) frame, receive the frame by performing a first procedure when the frame is determined to be the UL MU frame, and receive the frame by performing a second procedure when the frame is not determined to be the UL MU frame. Performing the first procedure may include performing a comparison of contents of a Legacy Signal (L-SIG) field of the frame to expected contents of the L-SIG field, performing a comparison of contents of a Signal A (SIG-A) field of the frame to expected contents of the SIG-A field, or both. The SIG-A field may be a High Efficiency SIG-A (HE-SIG-A) field.

Abstract: In wireless communications, an access point may send a trigger frame to multiple stations. The trigger frame may include a carrier sense required subfield that can be set to a first state or a second state. The carrier sense required subfield indicates whether the stations are required to consider a status of carrier sensing in determining whether or not to respond to the trigger frame. A station that receives a trigger frame having the carrier sense required. subfield set to the first state may send a response at a predetermined time interval without performing a carrier sense operation. A station that receives a trigger frame having the carrier sense required subfield set to the second state may determine whether to send a response based on performing a carrier sense operation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to technology for identifying a user equipment beam index in a base station. The base station indicates one or more resources assigned to the user equipment within a beam failure random access channel (BRACH) resource, and transmits one or more synchronization signal block resources and one or more new beam identification reference signal resources to the user equipment. The base station then receives one of the resources from a group of the one or more resources within the BRACH resource assigned to the user equipment corresponding to the BRACH resource, and identifies a preferred beam index of the user equipment based on information in the BRACH resource and the received one of the resources.

Abstract: A method for measuring beams includes determining a measurement period duration in accordance with periods of one or more periodic beam failure detection (BFD) reference signals (RSs) of a BFD RS set, wherein the BFD RSs of the one or more BFD RSs of the BFD RS set have a quasi-co-located (QCL) relationship with demodulation RSs (DMRSs) of PDCCH receptions monitored by a user equipment (UE), monitoring a subset of the one or more BFD RSs having the QCL relationship with the DMRSs of PDCCH receptions monitored by the UE that occur during a measurement period, and determining that measures of all BFD RSs in the subset of the one or more BFD RSs do not meet a specified threshold, and based thereon, reporting a beam failure (BF) instance.

Abstract: A wireless device determines a Basic Service Set (BSS) associated with a wireless transmitter by receiving a first frame, determining an address of the first frame, receiving a second frame, and determining, using the address of the first frame, a property of the second frame. Determining the property of the second frame may include determining whether the second frame is intra-BSS frame or an inter-BSS frame. Determining the property of the second frame may be performed by comparing an address of the second frame with the address of the first frame, and the second frame determined to be an intra-BSS frame when the address of the first frame matches the address of the second frame, and determined to be an inter-BSS frame otherwise. The address of the first frame may be a transmitter address (TA).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to technology for assigning resources to user equipment for a beam failure recovery by a base station. The base station identifies a beam failure random access channel (BRACH) resource holding beam correspondence with a synchronization signal (SS) block resource covering the user equipment, and assigns the user equipment one or more BRACH preambles for each BRACH resource assigned to the user equipment, excluding the BRACH resource holding beam correspondence with the SS block resource covering the user equipment.

Abstract: A wireless device transmits a frame by determining a plurality of Resource Units (RUs) of the frame, providing pilots in a first RU of the frame at a first set of positions, providing pilots in a second RU of the frame at a second set of positions, and transmitting the frame. The first set of positions is different from the second set of positions. A wireless device receives a frame including an RU including pilots and processes the pilots. When an RU for the data symbol includes an odd-numbered lowest subcarrier, the pilots are included at a first set of positions in the resource unit. When the RU includes an even-numbered lowest subcarrier, the pilots are included at a second set of positions in the resource unit. The second set of positions is different from the first set of positions.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of managing a controller with reliability and, more particularly, to authentication and data exchange during installation/use/removal of a vehicle controller, a gateway and a tester using an encryption algorithm. A method of authenticating a controller by a gateway in a vehicle includes: transmitting a first message including a first random number to the controller when a first condition is satisfied; receiving, from the controller, a second message including the first random number to which an electronic signature has been attached through a private key of the controller; decrypting the first random number having the electronic signature attached thereto using a public key of the controller; and transmitting, to the controller, a symmetric key encrypted using the public key of the controller when the decryption has been successfully performed.

Abstract: In wireless communications for multi-users, an access point may generate a first frame for allocating resources to a plurality of stations. The first frame may contain an indication as to whether a station(s) is allocated at least one of a set of resource units (RUs) of a plurality of RUs, such as a center 26-tone RU. The set of resource units may be based on a channel bandwidth of the wireless communications. The indication may be contained in a common block field of signal fields, such as a common block field of high efficiency (HE) signal content channel(s) of an HE signal field. The station(s) may receive the first frame and determine whether the one of the set of RUs is allocated. The station(s) may transmit a second frame to the access point based on resource allocation information in the first frame. Other methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A wireless device generates a High Efficiency Signal B (HE-SIG-B) field by Block Convolution Code (BCC) encoding and rate-matching a BCC block of the HE-SIG-B field, generates a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) including the HE-SIG-B field, and transmits the PPDU. A total number N is a total number of bits of the HE-SIG-B field that precede the BCC block, and is greater than 0. The BCC block has a puncturing pattern depending on the total number N. A wireless device receives a PPDU. The PPDU includes an HE-SIG-B field that includes an encoded BCC block. The wireless device de-rate-matches the encoded BCC block having a puncturing pattern depending on a total number N. The total number N is a total number of decoded bits of the HE-SIG-B field that preceded the BCC block, and the total number N is greater than 0.

Abstract: An Access Point (AP) performs a Multi-User (MU) transmission by allocating a plurality of resources of an Up-Link (UL) MU transmission to a first plurality of stations, and by transmitting, using one or more 20 MHz channels, a Down-Link (DL) PHY Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU). The DL PPDU includes trigger information. The trigger information solicits the first plurality of stations to participate in the UL MU transmission using the allocated resources. All of the allocated resources may be in the one or more 20 MHz channels of the DL PPDU. The allocated resources may include at least one resource in each of the one or more 20 MHz channels of the DL PPDU.

Abstract: A wireless device determines a Basic Service Set (BSS) associated with a wireless transmitter by receiving a first frame, determining an address of the first frame, receiving a second frame, and determining, using the address of the first frame, a property of the second frame. Determining the property of the second frame may include determining whether the second frame is intra-BSS frame or an inter-BSS frame. Determining the property of the second frame may be performed by comparing an address of the second frame with the address of the first frame, and the second frame determined to be an intra-BSS frame when the address of the first frame matches the address of the second frame, and determined to be an inter-BSS frame otherwise. The address of the first frame may be a transmit address (TA).

Abstract: A transmitting device may perform mid-packet detection (MPD) in a wireless channel by receiving a signal from the wireless channel, detecting first symbols having a first symbol duration in the signal during a first detection window, and detecting second symbols having a second symbol duration in the signal during a second detection window. The first and second symbol durations, excluding CPs, may be 3.2 and 12.8 microseconds respectively. A transmitting device may perform MPD in a wireless channel by receiving a signal from the channel, performing an MPD of symbols in the signal, producing first and second comparison result by comparing an output of the MDP to respective first and second thresholds, and determine whether to transmit a frame using the first comparison result and the second comparison result.