Abstract: A technology of setting up a MBS zone for providing a mobile IPTV service is provided in which the MBS zone is effectively managed, so that QoS is prevented from being degraded due to the handover delay that is caused by a MBS handover occurring when a user moves between MBS zones.

Abstract: Disclosed is a motion estimation apparatus and method using a prediction algorithm between macroblocks. In the motion estimation method, an average of a motion vector of a macroblock 1 and a motion vector of a macroblock 3 is determined as a prediction motion vector. A prediction sum of absolute difference (SAD) value of the macroblock 2 is calculated, which is an SAD value based on the prediction motion vector. A reference SAD value for neighboring macroblocks of the macroblock 2 is compared with a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined threshold value from the prediction SAD value. Normal motion vector estimation is performed on the macroblock 2 based on the compared result.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to a multimedia I/O system architecture for advanced digital television. An embodiment of a multimedia system includes an I/O (input/output) control chip, the I/O control chip including one or more audio/video sub-processing engines for the processing of one or more data streams; a processing core chip for the processing of data, including audio/video data received from the I/O control chip; and one or more shared I/O channels for the transfer of data between the I/O control chip and the processing core chip.

Abstract: Provided are a method of controlling power of an access uplink using a relay station (RS) and a system thereof. When a base station (BS) decides that the subject of power control of the access uplink is itself, the BS generates a message for power control of the access uplink based on channel quality measurement information reported from the RS and transmits the power control message to a subscriber station (SS), and when the BS decides that the subject of power control of the access uplink is the RS, the RS generates a message for power control of the access uplink based on channel quality measurement information and transmits the power control message to the SS. Thus, fast power control of the access uplink can be performed.

Abstract: Provided are low pass filters using a bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAWR). A low pass filter may include an input terminal configured to be connected with a first radio frequency (RF) device, an output terminal configured to be connected with a second RF device, a parallel segment including a first BAWR, a third BAWR, and a fifth BAWR that may be connected in parallel with each other to a reference potential, a first series segment having a second BAWR and a first inductor, and a second series segment having a fourth BAWR and a second inductor, and connected in series with the first series segment.

Abstract: An automatic gain control apparatus and method of a mobile station in an OFDM system are provided. The method includes identifying a preamble section and a data symbol section in a received frame signal; when a current symbol is the preamble section, measuring a power value of a preamble signal, comparing the measured power value of the preamble signal and a threshold value, and amplifying the received frame signal based on a predetermined gain; when a data symbol section includes a pilot carrier, measuring an average power value of the pilot carrier in the data symbol, comparing the measured average power value and the threshold value, and amplifying the received frame signal based on a predetermined gain; and when the data symbol section includes no pilot carrier, maintaining an existing gain, or performing an automatic gain control operation according to a gain estimated by using the pilot carrier during the data symbol section.

Abstract: A mobile communication system for displaying a three-dimensional (3D) image is provided. The mobile communication system includes an image providing apparatus to generate a first two-dimensional (2D) image Transport Stream (TS), and a second 2D image TS by capturing the same target in different directions, a Multicast Broadcast Service (MBS) server to control at least two base stations included in an MBS area to individually transmit the first 2D image TS and the second 2D image TS, and a portable display apparatus to receive the first 2D image TS and the second 2D image TS, to divide the first 2D image TS to and the second 2D image TS into first 2D image data and second 2D image data, respectively, and to display a 2D image or a 3D image based on an image quality of each of the first 2D image data and the second 2D image data.

Abstract: There is provided a method where a terminal amplifies an MBS signal that the terminal receives using a terminal in an MBS service, transmits the amplified signal to another terminal and controls it in order to overcome the fact it is not possible to provide high quality contents over a broad area due to interference signals between MBS zones, a terminal is used as a repeater at MBS transmission time only, and an output of a repeating signal of the terminal is controlled so that an excessive interference signal for another MBS area is not generated when the terminal operates as a repeater.

Abstract: Provided are a matching segment circuit, to which a radio frequency (RF) is applied, and an RF integrated device using the matching segment circuit. The matching segment circuit to which an RF is applied may include an input end connected to a first RF device, a parallel segment having a first capacitor and a first inductor connected in parallel, a second inductor connected to the parallel segment in series, and an output end connected to a second RF device. The first capacitor, the first inductor, and the second inductor may be configured so that an impedance of the first RF device and an impedance of the second RF device may match.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hydrophobic aerogel using a process of reforming a wet gel into a hydrophobic aerogel by a generally known normal temperature and pressure method, including: directly providing a reticular basket in a reactor; introducing a wet gel into the basket; providing an ultrasonic generator under the reactor to emit ultrasonic waves; and providing a nitrogen injection unit under the ultrasonic generator to inject nitrogen into the reactor upwards, thereby accelerating a reaction. An apparatus for manufacturing a hydrophobic aerogel, including: a reactor for reforming a wet gel into a hydrophobic gel, the reactor being provided therein with a support to allow a basket to be disposed therein, an ultrasonic generator which is provided under the reactor; and a nitrogen injection unit which is provided under the ultrasonic generator.

Abstract: A technology is provided capable of improving the efficiency of an OFDM system by obtaining the performance in Bit Error Rate (BER) in a wireless communication using OFDM and determining the minimum FFT input bit that produces a SNR difference of 0.1 dB or below with respect to a theoretical BER graph at a desired performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fast uplink ranging system and method in a mobile communication system. According to the present invention, a fast uplink ranging system transmits two pairs of ranging codes having the same value at locations spaced by half of FFT pointers. The fast uplink ranging system calculates a correlation value using the received two pairs of ranging codes. An order in which complex exponential twiddle factors for removing complex exponential terms corresponding to a time delay are searched is determined using the correlation value. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a time required for searching a timing error of a terminal using non-periodic symmetry of complex exponential twiddle factors corresponding to the timing error, compared with a known method of searching a complex exponential twiddle factor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to combining video data streams of differing dimensionality for concurrent display. An embodiment of an apparatus includes an interface to receive multiple video data streams, a dimensionality of each video stream being either two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D). The apparatus further includes a processing module to process a first video data stream as a main video image and one or more video data streams as video sub-images, the processing module including a video combiner to combine the main video data stream and the sub-video data streams to generate a combined video output. The processing module is configured to modify a dimensionality of each of the video sub-images to match a dimensionality of the main video image.

Abstract: Provided is a structure and disposing method of a radio frequency (RF) layered module using three dimensional (3D) vertical wiring. A first wafer in the RF layered module having the 3D vertical wiring may include a first RF device and at least one first via- hole. A second wafer may include a second RF device and at least one second via-hole disposed at a location corresponding to the at least one first via-hole. A vertical wiring may connect the at least one first via-hole and the at least one second via-hole. The vertical wiring may be configured to be connected to an external device through a bottom surface of the at least one first via-hole or a top surface of the at least one second via-hole.

Abstract: A Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (BAWR), a method of manufacturing of the BAWR, and duplexer including the BAWR are provided. The BAWR may include a first substrate including a via hole formed in a predetermined area of a bottom surface of the first substrate. A first air cavity may be formed above the first substrate, and a first lamination resonating portion may be laminated above the first air cavity in sequence of a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode. A second air cavity may be formed above the first substrate, and a second lamination resonating portion may be laminated above the second air cavity in sequence of the lower electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode. The first lamination resonating portion and the second lamination resonating portion may be connected via either the lower electrode or the upper electrode.

Abstract: A method and system for assessing the condition of a pipe carrying a fluid is disclosed. The method includes the steps of generating a pressure wave in the fluid being carried along the pipe and detecting a pressure wave interaction signal resulting from an interaction of the pressure wave with a localised variation in pipe condition. The method then involves determining from the timing of the pressure wave interaction signal the location of the localised variation in pipe condition and the extent of the localised variation in pipe condition based on a characteristic of the pressure wave interaction signal.

Abstract: A helmet shield coupled to a front opening of a helmet includes a lens unit provided to face a front of the front opening; a frame unit provided along a circumference of the lens unit; and a ventilation unit provided at both sides of the lens unit for communication between an inside and an outside of the helmet shield.

Abstract: A method of forming a lightly doped drain (LDD) of a thin film transistor (TFT) is disclosed. The method includes the following steps. A gate electrode is formed on a front side of a substrate. A gate insulating layer is formed on the gate electrode and the front side of the substrate. An activation layer is formed on the gate insulating layer. Low-concentration ion implantation is performed on the activation layer via a back side of the substrate. High-concentration ion implantation is performed on the activation layer that has been subjected to the low-concentration ion implantation, via the front side of the substrate, thereby forming a low-concentration impurity region and a high-concentration impurity region in the activation layer. The method may further include forming a high-concentration ion implantation mask on the activation layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic light emitting display and a method of manufacturing the same. The organic light emitting includes a first substrate, a first electrode, an organic light emitting layer, and a second electrode. The first substrate includes a pixel region showing an image and a peripheral region surrounding the pixel region. The first electrode is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate. The organic light emitting layer is formed on the first electrode. The second electrode is formed on the organic light emitting layer and extends to the peripheral region. An auxiliary electrode is formed on the second electrode to contact the second electrode on an entire surface of the first substrate, thereby applying a voltage having the same voltage level as that of the second electrode.

Abstract: A mechanism for memory reduction in picture-in-picture video generation is disclosed. A method of embodiments of the invention includes receiving, from a transmitting device, a plurality of video streams at a receiving device coupled to the transmitting device, wherein a first video stream of the plurality of video streams is designated to be displayed as a main video and one or more other video streams of the plurality of video streams are designated to be displayed as one or more sub videos to the main video.