Abstract: An embodiment of the invention is a method of manufacturing copper interconnects 30 on a semiconductor wafer 10 where an electroplating process is used to deposit a first layer of copper grains 30d having an initial grain size and a second layer of copper grains 30e having a different initial grain size.

Abstract: A fabrication method of a magnetic tunnel junction includes the steps of: forming a magnetic tunnel junction constructed having a first magnetic layer, a tunnel barrier formed at an upper surface of the first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer formed at an upper surface of the tunnel barrier; and thermally treating the junction rapidly for 5 seconds˜10 minutes at a temperature of 200˜600° C. to re-distribute oxygens in the tunnel barrier and make the interface between the tunnel barrier and the magnetic layer to be even. The tunneling magnetoresistance and thermal stability of the magnetic tunnel junction can be improved through the rapid thermal annealing.

Abstract: Isolated metal structures (110), (140) are formed adjacent to terminated metal lines (100), (130) that are connect by a via (120). The isolated structures (110), (140) act to suppress the stress created in the terminated metal lines (100), (130) during thermal cycling.

Abstract: A fabrication method of a magnetic tunnel junction includes the steps of: forming a magnetic tunnel junction constructed having a first magnetic layer, a tunnel barrier formed at an upper surface of the first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer formed at an upper surface of the tunnel barrier; and thermally treating the junction rapidly for 5 seconds ˜10 minutes at a temperature of 200˜600° C. to re-distribute oxygens in the tunnel barrier and make the interface between the tunnel barrier and the magnetic layer to be even. The tunneling magnetoresistance and thermal stability of the magnetic tunnel junction can be improved through the rapid thermal annealing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rapidly disintegrable tablet for oral administration, which disintegrates in the oral cavity within 60 seconds, consisting essentially of (i) a therapeutically effective amount of an active ingredient, (ii) spray-dried mannitol, of which at least 80% has an average particle size over 100 &mgr;m, (iii) crospovidone, and (iv) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, the tablet containing no microcrystalline cellulose.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical capsule composition for oral administration exhibiting controllable, satisfactory release profiles of both loratadine and pseudoephedrine or its salts, which comprises: (a) a plurality of rapid-release pellets (pellets A), each pellet containing (i) a therapeutically effective amount of loratadine, (ii) pseudoephedrine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (iii) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients; and (b) a plurality of extended-release pellets (pellets B), each pellet containing (i) pseudoephedrine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (ii) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, which are coated with a water-insoluble polymer in an amount ranging from 2 to 30 wt % and a wet-blocking agent selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, talc, fatty acid ester and a mixture thereof in an amount ranging from 2 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of pellets B.