Abstract: A display device is provided including a substrate. A second semiconductor layer is disposed on the substrate. The second semiconductor layer includes Si. A second gate lower electrode overlaps a channel region of the second semiconductor layer. A second gate insulating layer is disposed on the second gate lower electrode. A second gate upper electrode and a light blocking layer are disposed on the second gate insulating layer. A first auxiliary layer is disposed on the second gate upper electrode and the light blocking layer. A first semiconductor layer overlaps the light blocking layer. The first semiconductor layer includes an oxide semiconductor. A first gate electrode overlaps a channel region of the first semiconductor layer. The first auxiliary layer includes an insulating layer including at least one compound selected from SiNx, SiOx, and SiON, and at least one material selected from F, Cl, and C.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area having first color subpixels and a transparent area inside the display area, an array layer in the display area on the substrate, a first electrode in the first color subpixels on the array layer, a first emission assisting layer on the first electrode, an emitting material layer in the first color subpixels on the first emission assisting layer, a second emission assisting layer on the emitting material layer, a deposition preventing layer in the transparent area on the second emission assisting layer, a second electrode on the second emission assisting layer, the second electrode selectively disposed in a region where the deposition preventing layer is not disposed, an encapsulating layer on the deposition preventing layer and the second electrode, a polarizing layer in the display area on the encapsulating layer, an auxiliary equipment in the transparent area under the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for carrying out dose delivery quality assurance for high-precision radiation treatment, in which parameters affecting a pass rate of dose delivery quality assurance can be derived through regression analysis, which is a known statistical analysis method, and a pass rate prediction model capable of predicting each parameter and the pass rate of dose delivery quality assurance can be derived, and accordingly, it can be predicted in advance whether dose delivery quality assurance will be passed according to the parameters through the above prediction model, without repeatedly carrying out dose delivery quality assurance according to a patient's treatment plan, and as a result, the efficiency of dose delivery quality assurance can be enhanced, and the time or capacity required for such quality assurance is reduced, such that radiation treatment for an actual patient can be quickly and precisely carried out.

Abstract: Discussed is a display device for improving both transmittance and efficiency of light that is transmitted through a light-emitting unit and a transmissive unit due to a phase difference of ? at an interface between an organic layer and an optical compensation layer of the display device.

Abstract: Disclose is a copper alloy for a laser cladding valve seat. the copper alloy may include an amount of about 15.0 to 25.0 wt % of Ni, an amount of about 1.0 to 4.0 wt % of Si, an amount of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt % of B, an amount of about 1.0 to 2.0 wt % of Cr, an amount of about 5.0 to 15.0 wt % of Co, an amount of about 2.0 to 20.0 wt % of Mo, an amount of about 0.1 to 0.5 wt % of Ti and the balance Cu, all the wt % based on the total weight of the copper alloy. Particularly, the copper alloy may not include Fe, and may include Ti silicacide. Further disclosed is a laser cladding valve seat including the copper alloy, which does not generate cracks and is excellent in wear resistance.

Abstract: A copper alloy for valve seats, and more particularly a copper alloy for valve seats with improved wear resistance, contains 12 to 24% by weight of Ni, 2 to 4% by weight of Si, 7 to 13% by weight of Cr, 20 to 35% by weight of Fe, and a balance of Cu and other impurities.

Abstract: A composition of a copper alloy for a laser cladding valve sheet is disclosed. The copper alloy includes a matrix structure and a hard phase, which includes 12 to 24 wt % of Ni, 2 to 4 wt % of Si, 8 to 30 wt % of Fe, more than 5 wt % and less than 10 wt % of Mo, 2 to 10 wt % of Al, and the balance Cu. The interfacial delamination may be suppressed in a fatigue environment by micronizing the hard phase and the distribution thereof, thereby improving fatigue resistance and wear resistance.

Abstract: A copper alloy for engine valve seats manufactured by laser cladding improves wear resistance of the copper alloy. The copper alloy includes 12 to 24 wt % of Ni, 2 to 4 wt % of Si, 4 to 12 wt % of Mo, 15 to 35 wt % of Fe, and the remaining wt % of Cu and impurities.

Abstract: A copper alloy for engine valve seats manufactured by laser cladding improves wear resistance of the copper alloy. The copper alloy includes 12 to 24 wt % of Ni, 2 to 4 wt % of Si, 4 to 12 wt % of Mo, 15 to 35 wt % of Fe, and the remaining wt % of Cu and impurities.

Abstract: A copper alloy for valve seats, and more particularly a copper alloy for valve seats with improved wear resistance, contains 12 to 24% by weight of Ni, 2 to 4% by weight of Si, 7 to 13% by weight of Cr, 20 to 35% by weight of Fe, and a balance of Cu and other impurities.

Abstract: A microalgae culture broth producing system includes a device for culture broth sterilization using a micro bubble generator, an air compression and pressure equalization device for the injection of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere into the culture broth. The system also includes an air chilling device to maintain suitable culture broth temperature when water temperature is too high, an automatic carbon dioxide supply device to promote photosynthesis, and a sealed vertical photobioreactor to block out pollutants and increase dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration. The system further includes a high-efficiency harvesting device using hollow fiber membranes, and a hot air drying device using the waste heat generated by air compression.

Abstract: Disclose is a copper alloy for a laser cladding valve seat. the copper alloy may include an amount of about 15.0 to 25.0 wt % of Ni, an amount of about 1.0 to 4.0 wt % of Si, an amount of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt % of B, an amount of about 1.0 to 2.0 wt % of Cr, an amount of about 5.0 to 15.0 wt % of Co, an amount of about 2.0 to 20.0 wt % of Mo, an amount of about 0.1 to 0.5 wt % of Ti and the balance Cu, all the wt % based on the total weight of the copper alloy. Particularly, the copper alloy may not include Fe, and may include Ti silicacide. Further disclosed is a laser cladding valve seat including the copper alloy, which does not generate cracks and is excellent in wear resistance.

Abstract: A composition of a copper alloy for a laser cladding valve sheet is disclosed. The copper alloy includes a matrix structure and a hard phase, which includes 12 to 24 wt % of Ni, 2 to 4 wt % of Si, 8 to 30 wt % of Fe, more than 5 wt % and less than 10 wt % of Mo, 2 to 10 wt % of Al, and the balance Cu. The interfacial delamination may be suppressed in a fatigue environment by micronizing the hard phase and the distribution thereof, thereby improving fatigue resistance and wear resistance.

Abstract: A microalgae culture broth producing system includes a device for culture broth sterilization using a micro bubble generator, an air compression and pressure equalization device for the injection of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere into the culture broth. The system also includes an air chilling device to maintain suitable culture broth temperature when water temperature is too high, an automatic carbon dioxide supply device to promote photosynthesis, and a sealed vertical photobioreactor to block out pollutants and increase dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration. The system further includes a high-efficiency harvesting device using hollow fiber membranes, and a hot air drying device using the waste heat generated by air compression.

Abstract: A method of providing a flash card and apparatuses for performing the method are disclosed. A method of providing a flash card in a learning system including a first terminal and second terminals may include creating, by the first terminal, a first flash card associated with a corresponding page of an electronic book (e-book) currently being displayed on a display of the first terminal, and transmitting, by the first terminal, the first flash card to the second terminals.

Abstract: A hot press sintering apparatus according to the embodiment includes a chamber; a mold member located in the chamber and including a mold space section to be filled with a raw material; a press member for pressing and processing the raw material in the mold member; and a heating member for heating an interior of the chamber. The mold member includes a first mold part and a second mold part inserted into the first mold part and formed with the mold space section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiator heating device using a vacuum spiral heat pipe which can maximize heating efficiency, the radiator heating device comprising: a lower support (110) having an air hole (11); a first heat pipe (120A) and a second heat pipe (120B) provided standing in close contact with each other on the lower support (110); a first radiating pipe having, on the lower part thereof, a blower (40) for introducing outside air; a second radiating pipe (140) having a plurality of heat release nozzles formed on one side around the outer circumference thereof; a connecting pipe (150); an outer case (160) having a plurality of air contact protrusions (60) and having a discharge hole (62) provided on one side thereof; and a cover (170) detachably provided on the upper part of the outer case (160).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of providing a payment service by selecting a payer using a result of a game played by a plurality of participants, a service provision server executing the game after receiving, in advance, purchase request information commonly requested by the plurality of game participants and payment information of the plurality of game participants, and performing a purchase procedure using the payment information of a participant satisfying a condition predetermined in the game when the game is finished, thereby providing an automatic payment service using a game result to users without a separate offline payment process and preventing a loser from evading his or her responsibility.

Abstract: A display device has light sources located in a receptacle, where a lower interior walls part of the receptacle is formed of an electrically insulating material. The device includes a vertically extending grounding electrode extending to and physically affixed at one end to the interior walls part of the receptacle. This allows the light sources to be easily grounded by means of the grounding electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate, an integrated circuit on the semiconductor substrate, an insulation layer covering the integrated circuit, and a plurality of metal line patterns on the insulation layer. First and second adjacent metal line patterns of the plurality of metal line patterns are spaced apart from each other by a space, and each of the first and second adjacent metal line patterns has at least one slit.