Abstract: A metal nanowire according to an embodiment of the invention includes at least one bent portion. An angle (?) between an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion through an n-th bent portion satisfies an inequation of 0°<?<180°.

Abstract: A metal nanowire according to an embodiment of the invention includes at least one bent portion. An angle (?) between an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion through an n-th bent portion satisfies an inequation of 0°<?<180°.

Abstract: A metal nanowire according to an embodiment of the invention includes at least one bent portion. An angle (?) between an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion through an n-th bent portion satisfies an inequation of 0°<?<180°. Also, a metal nanowire according to another embodiment of the invention includes at least two wire portions. The metal nanowire includes an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion. A diameter of the n-th wire portion is different from a diameter of the (n+1)-th wire portion. In addition, a core-shell nanowire according to yet another embodiment includes a nanowire core; and a metal-compound shell formed on the nanowire core. A method of manufacturing a metal nanowire according to an embodiment includes preparing a reaction mixture and synthesizing a nanowire.

Abstract: A metal nanowire according to an embodiment of the invention includes at least one bent portion. An angle (?) between an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion through an n-th bent portion satisfies an inequation of 0°<?<180°.

Abstract: A metal nanowire according to an embodiment of the invention includes at least one bent portion. An angle (?) between an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion through an n-th bent portion satisfies an inequation of 0°<?<180°.

Abstract: A nanowire according to an embodiment of the invention comprises a nanowire core and a metal-compound coated on the nanowire core, wherein the nanowire core comprises at least two bent portions, and wherein an angle (?) between an n-th wire portion and an (n+1)-th wire portion connected to the n-th wire portion through an n-th bent portion satisfies an inequation of 0<?<180°.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the brightness of a display or an illumination system to which an OLED is applied by improving light extraction efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same. The light extraction substrate for an OLED includes an oxide or nitride thin film formed on a substrate body. The oxide or nitride thin film includes a base layer formed on the substrate body, a first texture formed on the base layer, the first texture having a plurality of first protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from the base layer, and a second texture having a plurality of second protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from each outer surface of the first protrusions.

Abstract: A zinc oxide (ZnO) precursor and a method of depositing a ZnO-based thin film using the same, with which a high-quality and high-purity ZnO-based thin film can be deposited. The ZnO precursor includes a mixture solvent containing at least two organic solvents which are mixed and a source material comprising diethyl zinc or dimethyl zinc which is diluted in the mixture solvent.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a light emitting device includes a transparent substrate and a transparent electrode on the transparent substrate, the transparent electrode comprising at least two transparent electrode layers, the at least two transparent electrode layers being successively stacked and having different refractive indices, the refractive index of one of the at least two transparent electrode layers that is closer to the transparent substrate being higher than the refractive index of the other one of the at least two transparent electrode layers. The light emitting device further includes a light emission layer on the transparent electrode and a reflective electrode on the light emission layer.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which exhibits superior light extraction efficiency and can be easily fabricated at low cost and a method of fabricating the same and a method of fabricating the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate for an OLED includes a base substrate and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the metal oxide thin film being made of a mixture of at least two metal oxides having different refractive indices.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a patterned substrate, with which the optical performance of a photovoltaic cell including an organic solar cell and an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) can be improved. The method includes generating electrostatic force on a surface of a substrate by treating the substrate with electrolytes, causing nano-particles to be adsorbed on the surface of the substrate, etching the surface of the substrate using the nano-particles as an etching mask, and removing the nano-particles residing on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A zinc oxide precursor for use in deposition of a zinc oxide-based thin film contains an alkyl zinc halide having the following formula: R—Zn—X, where R is an alkyl group CnH2n+1, and X is a halogen group. The n is a number ranging from 1 to 4, and the alkyl group is one selected from among a methyl group, an ethyl group, an i-propyl group and a t-butyl group. The halogen group contains one selected from among F, Br, Cl and I. A method of depositing a zinc oxide-based thin film includes loading a substrate into a deposition chamber; and supplying the zinc oxide precursor which contains the above-described alkyl zinc halide and an oxidizer into the deposition chamber and forming a zinc oxide-based thin film on the substrate via chemical vapor deposition. The zinc oxide-based thin film is deposited on the substrate via atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a light emitting device includes a transparent substrate and a transparent electrode on the transparent substrate, the transparent electrode comprising at least two transparent electrode layers, the at least two transparent electrode layers being successively stacked and having different refractive indices, the refractive index of one of the at least two transparent electrode layers that is closer to the transparent substrate being higher than the refractive index of the other one of the at least two transparent electrode layers. The light emitting device further includes a light emission layer on the transparent electrode and a reflective electrode on the light emission layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film in which the surface shape of the ZnO thin film can be controlled during deposition of the ZnO thin film. The method includes depositing the ZnO thin film on a substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The CVD feeds an etching gas that etches the ZnO thin film concurrently with a source gas and an oxidizer gas, thereby controlling the surface shape of the ZnO thin film that is being deposited.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with which the scattering distribution of light that is emitted from the OLED can be artificially controlled. The method includes the step of forming a light extraction layer by depositing an inorganic oxide at least twice on a base substrate, thereby controlling a structure of a texture formed on a surface of the light extraction layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a patterned substrate, with which the optical performance of a photovoltaic cell including an organic solar cell and an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) can be improved. The method includes generating electrostatic force on a surface of a substrate by treating the substrate with electrolytes, causing nano-particles to be adsorbed on the surface of the substrate, etching the surface of the substrate using the nano-particles as an etching mask, and removing the nano-particles residing on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which exhibits superior light extraction efficiency and can be easily fabricated at low cost and a method of fabricating the same and a method of fabricating the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate for an OLED includes a base substrate and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the metal oxide thin film being made of a mixture of at least two metal oxides having different refractive indices.

Abstract: A zinc oxide (ZnO) precursor and a method of depositing a ZnO-based thin film using the same, with which a high-quality and high-purity ZnO-based thin film can be deposited. The ZnO precursor includes a mixture solvent containing at least two organic solvents which are mixed and a source material comprising diethyl zinc or dimethyl zinc which is diluted in the mixture solvent.

Abstract: A gas injector which can inject at a uniform velocity and an injector pipe used for the same. The gas injector includes a body, a gas flow path formed inside the body, the gas flow path extending from one end to the other end in a lengthwise direction of the body, a blade formed inside the body and connected to the gas flow path so as to inject gas, and an injector pipe inserted into the gas flow path. The injector pipe receives the gas from the gas supply, and distributes the gas through a plurality of holes to the gas flow path. The plurality of holes of the injector pipe include a plurality of first holes and a plurality of second holes which are formed along two parallel lines extending in the lengthwise direction of the injector pipe, the first holes alternating with the second holes.

Abstract: A transparent conductive oxide thin film substrate that has a high level of surface flatness, a method of fabricating the same, and an OLED and photovoltaic cell having the same. The transparent conductive oxide thin film substrate that includes a base substrate, a first transparent conductive oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the first transparent conductive oxide thin film being treated with a first dopant, and a second transparent conductive oxide thin film formed on the first transparent conductive oxide thin film. The second transparent conductive oxide thin film is treated with a second dopant at a higher concentration than the first dopant. The surface of the second transparent conductive oxide thin film is flatter than the surface of the first transparent conductive oxide thin film.