Abstract: In a process in which a user equipment triggers establishment or modification of a session after the user equipment registers with the 5GC, a communication method includes: receiving a NAS request message from the user equipment, obtaining user identity information based on the NAS request message, and establishing or modifying the session based on the user identity information. The user identity information indicates a user of the user equipment. The user identity information is authenticated and authorized to support the terminal device or the user equipment in accessing the 5GC, namely, obtaining connectivity services and service management and control provided by the 5GC.

Abstract: The method includes: An SMF obtains first subscription data of a terminal device and a first identifier; and the SMF determines, based on the first subscription data, that the first identifier is allowed to access a network, and sends a first message to a server, where the first message includes an identifier of a first AMF and/or a temporary identifier of the terminal device. The first AMF receives the first registration request message from the server, where the first registration request message includes the first identifier and/or the temporary identifier of the terminal device; determines, based on the temporary identifier or a third identifier of the terminal device, first context information corresponding to the terminal device; and obtains location information of the terminal device from the first context information.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus, to help implement smooth data transmission and improve data transmission efficiency when a UPF cannot identify an IP address of a terminal device. The method includes: A first UPF receives a first data packet from a first terminal device, where the first data packet carries identification information of a second UPF and a network address of a second terminal device; and the first UPF sends a second data packet to the second UPF based on the identification information of the second UPF, where the second UPF is a UPF serving the second terminal device, and the second data packet carries identification information of the first UPF and the network address of the second terminal device.

Abstract: In a communication method, a first session management function (SMF) determines, based on a group identifier of a group to which a target user equipment belongs, a first user plane function (UPF) connected to a first user equipment, where the first user equipment is an access point user equipment in the group; the first SMF sends an Internet Protocol (IP) address of the target user equipment and/or the group identifier to the first UPF; and the first UPF establishes a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol User Plane (GTP-U) tunnel between the first UPF and the second UPF, and stores a correspondence between the IP address and the GTP-U tunnel to implement packet forwarding.

Abstract: In a cross-domain communication method, a first control plane network element triggers, based on an association relationship between a first terminal device and a second terminal device, a first user plane network element to establish a path with a second user plane network element. The path is used to transmit a packet from the first terminal device to the second user plane network element, or is used to transmit a packet from the second terminal device to the first user plane network element. The first user plane network serves the first terminal device and the second user plane network element serves the second terminal device.

Abstract: A communication method includes a first device that receives first indication information and a service flow identifier of a protocol data unit (PDU) session from a session management network element, where the first indication information indicates the first device to determine a transmission link for a service flow of the PDU session. The first device selects the transmission link for the service flow of the PDU session based on the service flow identifier and the first indication information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, a network device, a storage medium, and a program product. In the communication method, a network device of a core network receives an access request from a non-3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)-technology-based access point, where the access request is used to enable a terminal device connected to the non-3GPP access point to access the core network. The network device performs authentication on the terminal device based on the access request; and if the network device determines that the authentication succeeds, the network device sends a connection identifier to a non-3GPP access device. The connection identifier is used to determine an L2 or L3 connection between the non-3GPP access point and the non-3GPP access device. The terminal device connected to the non-3GPP access point gains access to the core network without a non-3GPP access gateway.

Abstract: The communication method according to the embodiments of this application is used to determine quality of service and/or charging control of a service flow of a terminal in a network that provides a service for a residential gateway, so as to ensure transmission quality of the service flow. A first control plane network element in a first network obtains a quality of service parameter and/or a charging policy of a service flow in the first network, where the service flow is a service flow in which a second terminal communicates with a second network by using a first terminal and a user plane network element in the first network; and the first control plane network element sends the quality of service parameter and/or the charging policy of the service flow to the user plane network element and/or the first terminal.

Abstract: A communication method and a communication apparatus are disclosed. A control network element receives first information from a user equipment (UE), where the first information includes multi-3GPP access request indication information or change indication information. The control network element determines, based on the first information, whether to allow the UE to establish a multi-3GPP access session. The multi-3GPP access request indication information indicates that the UE requests to establish the multi-3GPP access session, and the change indication information indicates that the UE allows the control network element to change from establishing a dual access session or a single access session to establishing the multi-3GPP access session. In this way, the control network element determines whether the UE can support a plurality of 3GPP connections at the same time, so that the UE can establish the multi-3GPP access session of new radio (NR) and long term evolution (LTE).

Abstract: The technology of this application relates to a communication method and apparatus, to resolve a current problem that limited bandwidth resources of a single link affect quality of service. In an example embodiment, a terminal sends a first access message to an access gateway in a second core network through a first network, and sends a second access message to the access gateway through a second network, where the first access message is encapsulated by using a first IP address. Further, the access gateway requests an AMF network element to establish two communication links for the terminal. One communication link is for the terminal to access the core network through the first network, and the other communication link is for the terminal to access the core network through the second network. Through establishment of the two communication links between the terminal and the core network, bandwidth resources can be added, and the quality of service can be improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to a method for controlling service flow transmission. One example method includes: a session management network element obtains a first TMBR of a service flow transmitted in a session by using a first access technology and a guaranteed bandwidth of a first GBR service flow, where the TMBR indicates a TMBR of service flows transmitted in the session by using the first access technology. The session management network element sends first information to a data plane network element, where the first information is used by the data plane network element to determine one or more of the following information of the session: a first AMBR, a second AMBR corresponding to the first access technology, and a second TMBR. A second AMBR indicates an AMBR of a non-GBR service flow transmitted in the session by using the first access technology.

Abstract: A first network element first obtains an access request including access location information of a first terminal device; then, the first network element may obtain subscription information including subscription location information of the first terminal device; when the first network element determines that the access location information of the first terminal device does not belong to the subscription location information, the first network element may obtain allowed information for allowing the first terminal device to access a network at an access location corresponding to the access location information; and the first terminal device may further be allowed, based on the allowed information, to access the network at the access location corresponding to the access location information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to the field of communications technologies, and provide example user plane connection establishment methods apparatuses, and systems to establish a user plane connection between an access network gateway and an interworking function network element-user plane. One example method includes determining, by an interworking function network element-control plane, granularity information of a user plane connection between an interworking function network element-user plane and an access network gateway. The interworking function network element-control plane can then send the granularity information of the user plane connection to the interworking function network element-user plane and the access network gateway, where the granularity information of the user plane connection is used to establish the user plane connection between the interworking function network element-user plane and the access network gateway.

Abstract: A communication method includes a session management network element that establishes a first connection of a user equipment using a first non-3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access gateway, receives a request message, where the request message is used to request to establish a second connection of the user equipment using a second non-3GPP access gateway, determines, based on the request message, to switch from the first connection to the second connection- and sends, to an access management network element, session management information and access gateway information corresponding to the session management information, to implement switching of a traffic flow between non-3GPP access gateways.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus includes: An access gateway function network element sends a session establishment request message of a terminal to a session management function network element. The session management function network element sends, to the access gateway function network element, at least one of a session identifier and an address of the terminal that correspond to an established session. The access gateway function network element obtains virtual interface information corresponding to the identifier of the established session. The access gateway function network element further sends the virtual interface information and the at least one of the session identifier and the address of the terminal to the terminal, so that the terminal establishes a first association relationship between the virtual interface information and the at least one of the session identifier and the address of the terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A first data management network element in a first network obtains identification information of a terminal device connected to an access gateway in a second network. The first data management network element obtains, based on the identification information, an access parameter of the terminal device from a second data management network element corresponding to the terminal device in the second network. The first data management network element obtains subscription data of the terminal device based on the access parameter. The first data management network element sends the subscription data of the terminal device to the access gateway.

Abstract: The technology of this application relates to a communication method that includes a gateway obtaining first information, sending, to the first node, an access protocol message (for example, an EAP-5G message or an SLAP message) that carries the first information, where the first information includes one or more of information that indicates an integrity protection algorithm, information that indicates an encryption algorithm, an integrity protection key, or an encryption key; and exchanges communication information with the first node according to GTP-U based on the first information, where the gateway belongs to a second communication system, and the first node belongs to a first communication system. The gateway and the first node may implement security and/or integrity protection on the communication information based on the first information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method, a device, and a system, to resolve an out-of-order problem caused by per-packet traffic splitting. The method includes: determining, by a sending device, a sequence identifier of a to-be-transmitted data packet and an identifier of a first link for transmitting the data packet; and sending, by the sending device, the data packet to a receiving device, where a header of the data packet includes the identifier of the first link and the sequence identifier, the identifier of the first link is used to identify the first link, and the sequence identifier is used to identify a sending order of the data packet over the first link or in a link group to which the first link belongs.

Abstract: This application discloses a communication method, apparatus, and system. The method includes: receiving first information from a first node, where the first information is used to request to establish a first protocol data unit PDU session; sending second information to the first node, where the second information indicates an identifier of the first PDU session and a first quality of service QoS configuration policy corresponding to the first PDU session; and sending third information to the first node, where the third information indicates a data routing policy corresponding to the first PDU session, and the data routing policy includes session information of the first PDU session. In the method, a second node can configure a PDU session for the first node, so that a service provided by a core network can better meet a requirement of a terminal that does not support NAS signaling transmission.

Abstract: A method includes: obtaining first information of a first node in a first communication system, where the first information includes status information of the first node and/or status information of a first link, and the first node is an end of the first link; and sending the first information to a first functional entity in a second communication system in a first manner, so that the second communication system can perceive and manage the node in the first communication system, to improve effect of converging the first communication system and the second communication system.