Abstract: An electrical connector includes an insulative housing and a plurality of contacts retained therein. The housing forms a central slot along a longitudinal direction, and includes a base, opposite first wall and second wall extending from the base and located by two sides of the central slot. The contact includes a retaining section retained to the corresponding first or second wall, and a spring arm with a contacting section at a free end, extending from the retaining section and into the central slot wherein a width/thickness ratio in the contacting section is set within a range between 0.8˜1.28.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a memory controller. The memory controller selects a predetermined memory device to receive data and accordingly records multiple logical addresses in a first mapping table. The first mapping table records which logical page the data stored in each physical page of the predetermined memory block is directed to. When the predetermined memory block is full, the memory controller edits a second mapping table and a third mapping table according to the first mapping table. The second mapping table corresponds to multiple logical pages and records which memory block and which physical page is the data of each logical page stored in. The third mapping table corresponds to the physical pages of the predetermined memory block and indicates whether each physical page is a valid page or an invalid page.

Abstract: A data storage device utilized for accessing boot data includes a flash memory, a controller and a RAM. The flash memory includes several blocks, and each block includes several pages. The controller is coupled to the flash memory and the RAM. The controller receives a write command from a host and determines whether the data of the write command is system data or normal data. If the data to be written is system data, the controller transmits a confirm message to the host after the system data has been completely stored on the data storage device.

Abstract: An electrical connector includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor coaxially arranged with each other with an insulator therebetween. The outer conductor includes a base and a plurality of arc protrusions formed on a rear face of the base and coaxially sharing the same circle center. The protrusions are optimally located around a peripheral region of the circle defined by the cross-section of the cylindrical contour. A metallic box includes a top wall, opposite front and rear walls and opposite two side walls. The front wall forms a plurality of arc holes coaxially arranged with regard to a common center so as to snugly receive the corresponding arc protrusions of the outer conductor, respectively.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a memory controller. The memory device includes multiple memory blocks. The memory blocks include multiple table blocks configured to store tables and multiple data blocks configured to store data. The memory controller is configured to receive a predefined command which is a command from a host device to instruct the memory controller to perform initialization of the data storage device. The initialization of the data storage device includes a plurality of processing procedures which include a first portion of processing procedures and a second portion of processing procedures. The memory controller is configured to perform the first portion of processing procedures in response to the predefined command. After the first portion of processing procedures has been finished, the memory controller is configured to notify the host device that the data storage device is ready.

Abstract: A hermetic electrical adaptor includes an insulative housing and a plurality of contacts retained therein. The housing includes a base having opposite first and second surface in a vertical direction, and a set of first side walls extending from the first surface to form a first mating cavity. Each contact includes a retention section extending through the base, a first extending section located in the first mating cavity and including a first bending section. The set of first side walls forms, adjacent to the first surface, a first recess communicating with the first mating cavity so as to expose a portion of the first extending section in the first recess. A waterproof glue occupies the first recess and a bottom portion of the first mating cavity so as to surround the exposed portions of the first extending sections of the contact for assuring sealing of the adaptor.

Abstract: A data storage device for dynamically executing the garbage-collection process is provided which includes a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a plurality of blocks wherein each of the blocks includes a plurality of pages. The controller is coupled to the flash memory and is utilized to execute the garbage-collection process on the flash memory according to a number of at least one spare block in the flash memory and the number of non-spare blocks corresponding to different ratios of effective pages. The garbage-collection process is utilized for merging at least two non-spare blocks to release at least one spare block.

Abstract: An electrical assembly includes mated plug connector and receptacle connector. The plug connector includes an insulative main body, a flat flexible cable attached upon the main body, a rotatable presser assembled upon the main body and retaining the flat flexible cable in position, and a metallic unitary latch assembled upon the main body with pair of resilient latches on two opposite lateral sides.

Abstract: A method for managing a flash memory module, an associated flash memory controller and an associated electronic device are provided, wherein the method includes: when the flash memory module is powered on, and a garbage collection operation is not finished before the flash memory module is powered on: determining a progress of the garbage collection operation to generate a determination result; and determining to discard a target block in the garbage collection operation or to write dummy data into remaining pages of the target block according to the determination result.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system on chip (SoC), wherein the SoC comprises a first processor, a second processor and a memory. The memory stores a first parameter and a second parameter, wherein the first parameter is set by the first processor to indicate whether a specific region of the memory is locked or unlocked, and the second parameter is set by the first processor to indicate whether the specific region of the memory is locked or unlocked. In the operations of the SoC, before the first processor intends or prepares to access the specific region, the first processor refers to the second parameter to determine if the specific region is allowed to be accessed by the first processor.

Abstract: A method for managing a flash memory module, an associated flash memory controller and an associated electronic device are provided, wherein the method includes: when the flash memory module is powered on, and a garbage collection operation is not finished before the flash memory module is powered on: determining a progress of the garbage collection operation to generate a determination result; and determining to discard a target block in the garbage collection operation or to write dummy data into remaining pages of the target block according to the determination result.

Abstract: A data storage device for dynamically executing the garbage-collection process is provided which includes a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a plurality of blocks wherein each of the blocks includes a plurality of pages. The controller is coupled to the flash memory and is utilized to execute the garbage-collection process on the flash memory according to a number of at least one spare block in the flash memory and the number of non-spare blocks corresponding to different ratios of effective pages. The garbage-collection process is utilized for merging at least two non-spare blocks to release at least one spare block.

Abstract: For single-level cell flash memories and multi-level cell flash memories, different operations can be performed according to their stability when an abnormal status is terminated. Specifically, for the multi-level cell flash memories, when the abnormal status is terminated, a now physical block is used to proceed with write operation, and the previous physical block(s) would not be written any more. On the contrary, for the single-level cell flash memories, when the abnormal status is terminated, the controller needs to perform corresponding operations on the last physical page of the previous physical block(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides a data storage device including a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a plurality of blocks, wherein each of the blocks has a plurality of pages. The controller receives a plurality of write commands in a sequence, assigns a plurality of write sequence numbers to the write commands according to the sequence in which the write commands are received, and writes a plurality of data sectors and the write sequence numbers of the write commands into the pages of a first current block and a second current block of the blocks according to the write commands.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a flash memory, a controller and a random-access memory. The flash memory includes a plurality of planes, and each plane includes a plurality of blocks. A portion of blocks in each of the planes constitutes a super block, so that the flash memory includes a plurality of super blocks. The controller is coupled to the flash memory. When a first block of at least one first super block of the super blocks is damaged, and a second block of a second super block in the position corresponding to the damaged block is normal, the controller merges the second block of the second super block with the first super block to replace the first block. The random-access memory stores a compression table to record position information about the first block in the first super block and the number information of the second block.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for managing a flash memory module, wherein the flash memory module includes a plurality of flash memory chips, each flash memory chip includes a plurality of first temporary blocks and a plurality of second temporary blocks, each of the first and second temporary blocks and the data blocks includes a plurality of pages, and the method includes: writing data into one of the second temporary blocks; and when an access of the flash memory module meets a specific condition, moving the data stored in the second temporary block to one of the first temporary blocks, and storing information of a first blank page of the second temporary block to the first temporary block.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data storage device including a flash memory and a random access memory. The flash memory has a data mapping table arranged to record a plurality of mapping relationships between the logical addresses and the physical addresses of a plurality of pages of the flash memory. The data mapping table is divided into a plurality of data mapping sets. The random access memory has a cache area, a sequential-order table, a reverse-order table and a cache-area mapping table. The cache area stores part of the data mapping sets. The cache-area mapping table records the set indexes of the data mapping sets of the cache area. The sequential-order table records the order that the data mapping sets are read from the cache area. The reverse-order table records the opposite order that the data mapping sets are read from the cache area.

Abstract: The invention introduces a method for GC (garbage collection) POR (Power Off Recovery), performed by a processing unit, including at least the following steps: after a reboot subsequent to a power-off event, reading a GC recovery flag from a storage unit and determining whether the GC recovery flag indicates that a flash memory needs a POR; and, when the GC recovery flag indicates that the flash memory needs a POR, programming dummy data into a predefined number of empty pages next to the last programmed page of a destination block of the storage unit and performing an unfinished GC data-access operation.

Abstract: The invention introduces a method for garbage collection, performed by a processing unit, including at least the following steps: executing instructions of a GC (garbage collection) process to direct a first access interface to read data from a storage unit, collect good data from the read data and direct the first access interface to program the good data into a spare block of the storage unit. During the GC process, each time that a timer has counted to a time period, the processing unit directs a second access interface to clock a portion of data requested by a host device out to the host device and resets the timer.

Abstract: The invention introduces a method for regular and garbage-collection data access, performed by a processing unit, including at least the following steps: configuring a data buffer as a first type when performing a data access operation of a regular data access mode; and configuring the data buffer as a second type when performing a data access operation of a garbage-collection data access mode.