Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) comb actuator including a comb structure. The comb structure includes a support layer having a first material and a plurality of protrusions extending away from a first surface of the support layer in a first direction. The plurality of protrusions are also made of the first material. The plurality of protrusions are separated along a second direction parallel to the first surface of the support layer. The MEMS comb actuator may further include a dielectric liner structure that continuously and completely covers the first surface of the support layer and outer surfaces of the plurality of protrusions. The dielectric liner structure includes a connective portion that continuously connects topmost surfaces of at least two of the plurality of protrusions.

Abstract: A direct current circuit breaker, including: n in number circuit breaker modules connected in series, one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module connected in parallel to the n in number circuit breaker modules, and a trigger module. The n in number circuit breaker modules each includes a mechanical switch and a commutation branch circuit which are connected in parallel; each commutation branch circuit includes a charging commutation module and a commutation capacitor which are connected in series; the charging commutation module is configured to charge up the commutation capacitor and produce reverse current to cut off the mechanical switch; the one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module is configured to absorb energy stored in inductive elements of power systems after a fault current is cut off, so as to limit voltage and protect the mechanical switch, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A short circuit fault current limiter includes a circuit breaker, a transfer current limiting unit and a current detection unit. The current detection unit is connected to the circuit breaker in series, and the circuit breaker and the transfer current limiting unit are connected in parallel into the power system line. An output terminal of the current detection unit is connected to a control terminal of the transfer current limiting unit. The current detection unit is configured to detect a fault current flowing through a branch of the circuit breaker under a short circuit fault operating condition and trigger the corresponding trigger switch of the transfer current limiting unit to be switched on, so that the circuit breaker is disconnected and the secondary side winding of the coupling reactor is connected to the system line in series, which is capable of rapidly limiting the amplitude of the fault current and reducing impact of the fault current on the system.

Abstract: A short circuit fault current limiter includes a circuit breaker, a transfer current limiting unit and a current detection unit. The current detection unit is connected to the circuit breaker in series, and the circuit breaker and the transfer current limiting unit are connected in parallel into the power system line. An output terminal of the current detection unit is connected to a control terminal of the transfer current limiting unit. The current detection unit is configured to detect a fault current flowing through a branch of the circuit breaker under a short circuit fault operating condition and trigger the corresponding trigger switch of the transfer current limiting unit to be switched on, so that the circuit breaker is disconnected and the secondary side winding of the coupling reactor is connected to the system line in series, which is capable of rapidly limiting the amplitude of the fault current and reducing impact of the fault current on the system.

Abstract: The invention discloses a pipeline descaling and rock stratum fracturing device based on electro-hydraulic pulse shock waves, comprising a ground low-voltage control device, a transmission cable and an electro-hydraulic pulse shock wave transmitter.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate, a hole which includes a top hole and a bottom hole in communication with each other in the substrate, and a filler in the top hole and the bottom hole, wherein the top hole tapers toward the bottom hole, and a side surface of the top hole and a side surface of the bottom hole form an obtuse angle.

Abstract: The invention discloses a pipeline descaling and rock stratum fracturing device based on electro-hydraulic pulse shock waves, comprising a ground low-voltage control device, a transmission cable and an electro-hydraulic pulse shock wave transmitter.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate, a hole which includes a top hole and a bottom hole in communication with each other in the substrate, and a filler in the top hole and the bottom hole, wherein the top hole tapers toward the bottom hole, and a side surface of the top hole and a side surface of the bottom hole form an obtuse angle.

Abstract: A direct current circuit breaker, including: n in number circuit breaker modules connected in series, one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module connected in parallel to the n in number circuit breaker modules, and a trigger module. The n in number circuit breaker modules each includes a mechanical switch and a commutation branch circuit which are connected in parallel; each commutation branch circuit includes a charging commutation module and a commutation capacitor which are connected in series; the charging commutation module is configured to charge up the commutation capacitor and produce reverse current to cut off the mechanical switch; the one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module is configured to absorb energy stored in inductive elements of power systems after a fault current is cut off, so as to limit voltage and protect the mechanical switch, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: A method for generating a forbidden channel list for a combined wireless communication station comprises the steps of: obtaining a channel usage report from an access point; performing a channel scan procedure; generating at least one of a channel load report, a noise indicator report, a signal strength indicator report and a packet error rate report according to the results of the channel scan procedure; and generating a forbidden channel list at least according to the generated one of the channel usage report, the channel load report, the noise indicator report, the signal strength to report, and the packet error rate report.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: A device includes a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device, which includes a movable element and a fixed element. The movable element and the fixed element form two capacitor plates of a capacitor, with an air-gap between the movable element and the fixed element acting as a capacitor insulator of the capacitor. At least one of the movable element and the fixed element has a rugged surface.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.