Abstract: A technique for managing a deduplication digest cache (DDC) includes assigning each digest entry of the DDC to one of multiple entry lists, scoring the entry lists based at least in part on the deduplicability of the data represented by the digest entries in the entry lists, and selecting for eviction from the DDC entries assigned to the lowest-scoring entry list. In this manner, entries assigned to entry lists that perform more poorly in terms of deduplicability tend to be evicted more quickly than entries assigned to entry lists that perform better.

Abstract: A technique for managing a metadata transaction log consolidates multiple mapping pointer changes that affect a single metadata block in a single transaction entry. The technique creates a data structure that identifies the mapping pointers in the metadata block that are changing, and stores the data structure in the transaction entry along with records that describe the individual mapping pointer changes.

Abstract: A method is used in managing deduplication characteristics in a storage system. Deduplication entries stored in a deduplication cache are categorized into a set of deduplication groups based on a data deduplication probability associated with the deduplication entries. A machine learning system is used to dynamically adjust deduplication characteristics associated with the set of deduplication groups based on an I/O workload associated with the storage system.

Abstract: A method is used in managing deduplication characteristics in a storage system. Deduplication entries stored in a deduplication cache are categorized into a set of deduplication groups based on a data deduplication probability associated with the deduplication entries. A machine learning system is used to dynamically adjust deduplication characteristics associated with the set of deduplication groups based on an I/O workload associated with the storage system.

Abstract: A method is used in managing deduplication characteristics in a storage system. Deduplication entries stored in a deduplication cache are categorized into a set of deduplication groups based on a data deduplication probability associated with the deduplication entries. A machine learning system is used to dynamically adjust deduplication characteristics associated with the set of deduplication groups based on an I/O workload associated with the storage system.

Abstract: A technique for storing data selectively tags write requests received by a data storage system based on whether each write request is directed to a file having a file type on an exclusion list, thereby producing a set of tagged write requests directed to a file type on the exclusion list and a set of untagged write requests directed to a file type not on the exclusion list. The method further includes persistently storing tagged data specified by the set of tagged write requests without first compressing the tagged data, and persistently storing untagged data specified by the set of untagged write requests after compressing the untagged data.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to techniques for performing deduplication. A method includes (a) obtaining a digest of a data block logically-positioned within a filesystem, the digest providing a hash value of data of the data block, (b) searching a Most Wanted Digest Cache (MWDC) within system memory for the digest, (c) locating an entry in the MWDC using the digest, wherein this locating indicates that the data block has the same data as another data block located elsewhere within the filesystem, the other data block having been previously persistently-stored, the entry having been added to the MWDC in response to the other data block having been deduplicated at least a plurality number of times, (d) locating a mapping structure referenced by the entry located from the MWDC, the mapping structure providing metadata about the other data block, and (e) deduplicating the data block and the other data block with reference to the located mapping structure.

Abstract: A technique for performing overwrites on shared data blocks in a file system transfers reference weights of block pointers to other block pointers that share those data blocks. To overwrite a portion of a file stored in a shared data block pointed to by a first block pointer, a file system manager locates a second block pointer in the file system that points to the same data block. The first block pointer has a first reference weight, and the second block pointer has a second reference weight. The file system manager transfers the first reference weight to the second block pointer, e.g., by replacing the second reference weight with the sum of the first reference weight and the second reference weight.

Abstract: Managing a circular transaction log in a data storage system includes receiving requests specifying data to be written to a data object served by the data storage system, and adding log entries to the log containing data specified by the requests at or after a tail of the log and before a head of the log. In response to a trigger event, a size of the log is dynamically increased by inserting additional storage space into the log at or after the tail and before the head, to account for differences between the rate at which entries are added to the log and the rate at which entries are flushed from the log. The disclosed technique may further operate to find the slot position in which each log entry is stored, based on the identifier of the log entry, after inserting the additional storage space into the log.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pesticide preparations and methods based on RNAi technology. The invention discloses target genes (fragments) useful in the control of Lepidoptera insects. Nucleic acid inhibitors or hosts expressing the nucleic acid inhibitors, based on the nucleic acid sequences of these target genes, can effectively kill Lepidoptera insects. The invention also discloses applications using the nucleic acid inhibitors or hosts expressing the nucleic acid inhibitors.

Abstract: A method is used in managing log transactions in storage systems. A first portion of a transaction log space is allocated from a persistent journal associated with a file system to a first core of a multi-core storage processor and a second portion of the transaction log space is allocated from the persistent journal to a second core of the multi-core storage processor. A set of per-core bitmaps is used for allocating a set of transaction log entries from the persistent journal. Each per-core bitmap is associated with a respective core of the multi-core storage processor. A per-core bitmap of the set of per-core bitmaps associated with a core of the multi-core storage processor is used for allocating a transaction log entry for a write request performed by the core.

Abstract: Managing a file system to avoid unnecessary replay of a transaction log. The file system may reside on a non-volatile storage medium having an associated transaction log residing on a non-volatile storage medium, the transaction log including a plurality of log entries, and each log entry representing one or more changes to metadata of the file system. The file system may include a first data structure including a status parameter, a value of which is indicative of whether to replay the transaction log when the file system is initialized. It may be determined whether the one or more changes to metadata represented by each of the plurality of log entries have been written in place in the file system. In response to the determination, the status parameter may be set to a value indicative of the determination.

Abstract: A technique for storing data in a log receives a set of sequential requests, each request specifying data to be written to a data object served by a data storage system. The data specified by respective ones of the requests is placed into respective lockable units of storage for the log, such that the data of no two sequential requests are stored within the same lockable unit. Each lockable unit is locked for access by a writer when being written, and unlocked when not being written, and is configured to store data specified by multiple requests. Completion of each of the requests is acknowledged in response to placing the data specified by the respective request in one of the lockable units of storage. The log may also be partitioned, with individual partitions being used to store data specified by requests having specific request sizes.

Abstract: A technique for managing resources on a storage array having multiple CPU cores releases share locks on a resource by decrementing share lock counters associated with the CPU cores that release the share locks, regardless of whether these are the same as the CPU cores that acquired the share locks. As each CPU core changes its own share lock counter, cache trashing caused by changing share lock counters associated with other CPU cores can be avoided.

Abstract: A method is used in managing global data caches for file systems. Space is allocated in a volatile memory of a data storage system to a global data cache that is configured to store a set of data objects for a plurality of different file systems. The set of data objects is accessed by the plurality of different file systems. Contents of a file of a file system are stored in a data object in the global data cache upon receiving a write I/O request for the file. A copy of the data object and information for the data object are stored in a persistent journal that is stored in a non-volatile memory of the data storage system. Contents of the file are updated on a storage device based on the data object stored in the global data cache and information stored in the persistent journal.

Abstract: A method is used in managing snapshot in cache-based storage systems. A request to create a snapshot of a data object is received. A portion of the data object is cached in a global cache. The data object is associated with a mapping object. The mapping object manages access to the portion of the data object. A snapshot of the data object is created. A snapshot mapping object is associated with the snapshot of the data object. The snapshot mapping object includes a link to the mapping object. The snapshot mapping object is a version of the mapping object and shares the portion of the data object cached in the global cache.

Abstract: The present invention provides a printed circuit board comprising a metal surface, such as a final finish, that has been coated with a self-assembled monolayer. The self-assembled monolayer forms a coating on the metal surface that is resistant to corrosion, thus preserving the solderability of the metal surface. The present invention also provides a solution of an alkanethiol and a non-organic solvent that can be used for forming a self-assembled monolayer on a metal substrate. The present invention also provides a process for depositing a self-assembled monolayer on a metal substrate by applying a solution of an alkanethiol and a non-organic solvent to a metal substrate, such as a surface of a printed circuit board.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a method of forming, producing or manufacturing functionalized and soluble nanomaterials, most specifically carbon nanotubes on a substrate, which can be used in the production or manufacture of biofuel cells. One embodiment provides for the coupling of biofuel cells with a nanomaterial, wherein the nanomaterial supports catalytic enzymes. Another embodiment provides for a biofuel cell which uses enzymes immobilized on nanomaterials as electrodes. Another embodiment provides for the construction of a biofuel cell, wherein the application of a microwave process, and/or an electrochemical technique, is used to develop a biofuel cell having nanomaterial/enzyme-based electrodes on a substrate. Another embodiment provides for a composite of nanomaterial grown on a substrate, coupled to tethered or bonded enzymes, which makes it possible to fabricate direct electron transfer electrodes. A method for producing a nanomaterial-substrate system is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pesticide preparations and methods based on RNAi technology. The invention discloses target genes (fragments) useful in the control of Lepidoptera insects. Nucleic acid inhibitors or hosts expressing the nucleic acid inhibitors, based on the nucleic acid sequences of these target genes, can effectively kill Lepidoptera insects. The invention also discloses applications using the nucleic acid inhibitors or hosts expressing the nucleic acid inhibitors.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a storage server in a data network for relocating one or more data blocks of a file, comprising creating a virtual block mapping pointer; and relocating one or more file system data.