Abstract: A layout pattern for magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) includes a substrate having a first active region, a second active region, and a word line connecting region between the first active region and the second active region, a first gate pattern extending along a first direction from the first active region to the second active region, a second gate pattern extending along the first direction from the first active region to the second active region, a first magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) between the first gate pattern and the second pattern and within the word line connecting region, and a second MTJ between the first gate pattern and the second gate pattern in the first active region. Preferably, top surfaces of the first MTJ and the second MTJ are coplanar.

Abstract: A backlit-module-embedded illuminated keyswitch structure includes a baseplate, a mask film disposed below the baseplate and having a first coating configured to substantially reflect a light, a light guide sheet disposed at one side of the mask film and having a light source hole, a reflective layer disposed at one side of the light guide sheet opposite to the mask film and having an opening communicating with the light source hole, a top glue configured to connect the mask film and the light guide sheet around the light source hole, and a bottom glue configured to connect the light guide sheet and the reflective layer around the light source hole. The first coating covers the light source hole. In a stacked direction of the mask film, the light guide sheet, and the reflective layer, at least one of the top glue and the bottom glue overlaps the first coating.

Abstract: A chip packaging structure includes a chip, a heat sink, and a thermal conductive layer. The heat sink and the chip are fixed by thermal contact through the thermal conductive layer. The thermal conductive layer includes a stress buffer layer and a plurality of thermal conductive protrusions located in the stress buffer layer. Bottoms of the plurality of thermal conductive protrusions are located on a surface of the chip or a surface of the heat sink.

Abstract: A comparing circuit and a comparing module with hysteresis are provided. The comparing module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and the comparing circuit, which are electrically connected to each other. A comparison voltage is determined according to an input voltage and the resistances of the first resistor and the second resistor. The comparing circuit includes an input circuit, an eternal circuit, and a coupling module. The coupling module includes a first coupling transistor, a second coupling transistor, a third transistor, and a fourth coupling resistor. Control terminals of the first coupling transistor and the second coupling transistor are selectively electrically connected to either one of a first terminal and a second terminal. The second terminals of the third coupling transistor and the fourth coupling transistor are selectively electrically connected to either one of the first terminal and the second terminal.

Abstract: A voltage regulator circuit is provided, which includes a main regulator and at least one auxiliary regulator. The main regulator provides an output voltage and regulates the output voltage according to the output voltage and a reference voltage. Each auxiliary regulator is coupled to the main regulator. Each auxiliary regulator also provides the output voltage and regulates the output voltage according to the output voltage and the reference voltage. Each of the main regulator and the at least one auxiliary regulator provides a branch current of the same magnitude. An output current of the voltage regulator circuit includes the branch currents provided by the main regulator and the at least one auxiliary regulator.

Abstract: A voltage regulator apparatus and an associated method are provided, where the voltage regulator apparatus includes: a voltage regulator module for regulating an input voltage according to a bandgap reference voltage to generate an output voltage; and a plurality of sensing modules. Ina situation where the output voltage abruptly decreases, a sensing module reduces, based on a variation amount of the output voltage, a decrement of the output voltage. In a situation where the output voltage abruptly increases, another sensing module reduces, based on another variation amount of the output voltage, an increment of the output voltage. In addition, yet another sensing module senses variation of the output voltage, converts the variation of the output voltage into a current signal, and applies the current signal to a control terminal within the voltage regulator module to indirectly control the output voltage.

Abstract: A voltage regulator circuit is provided, which includes a main regulator and at least one auxiliary regulator. The main regulator provides an output voltage and regulates the output voltage according to the output voltage and a reference voltage. Each auxiliary regulator is coupled to the main regulator. Each auxiliary regulator also provides the output voltage and regulates the output voltage according to the output voltage and the reference voltage. Each of the main regulator and the at least one auxiliary regulator provides a branch current of the same magnitude. An output current of the voltage regulator circuit includes the branch currents provided by the main regulator and the at least one auxiliary regulator.

Abstract: A voltage regulator calibration circuit including a voltage regulator and a calibration unit is provided. The voltage regulator regulates an output voltage according to a reference voltage and a feedback voltage. The feedback voltage is in direct proportion to the output voltage. The calibration unit is coupled to the voltage regulator. The calibration unit generates a control code through binary search according to the output voltage and a target voltage. The control code determines the proportion of the feedback voltage to the output voltage.

Abstract: A voltage regulator apparatus and an associated method are provided, where the voltage regulator apparatus includes: a voltage regulator module for regulating an input voltage according to a bandgap reference voltage to generate an output voltage; and a plurality of sensing modules. Ina situation where the output voltage abruptly decreases, a sensing module reduces, based on a variation amount of the output voltage, a decrement of the output voltage. In a situation where the output voltage abruptly increases, another sensing module reduces, based on another variation amount of the output voltage, an increment of the output voltage. In addition, yet another sensing module senses variation of the output voltage, converts the variation of the output voltage into a current signal, and applies the current signal to a control terminal within the voltage regulator module to indirectly control the output voltage.

Abstract: A vehicle running board includes a treadle body, plural luminous members and a decorative plate. The main body is formed with a recessed surface for receiving the luminous members thereon. The luminous members have their upper parts respectively inserted in the through holes of the decorative plate, and are respectively provided with a transparent lamp holder, which has an outer wall formed with an annular projecting edge to resist against the underside of the decorative plate, and mounted thereon with an anti-skid pad. A circuit board received inside the lamp holder is installed with an LED and connected with power wires, and the luminous members are connected in series by the power wires that are connected to the electric power system of a vehicle. By so designing, the vehicle running board has effects of warning and illuminating for insuring safety in use.

Abstract: A voltage regulator calibration circuit including a voltage regulator and a calibration unit is provided. The voltage regulator regulates an output voltage according to a reference voltage and a feedback voltage. The feedback voltage is in direct proportion to the output voltage. The calibration unit is coupled to the voltage regulator. The calibration unit generates a control code through binary search according to the output voltage and a target voltage. The control code determines the proportion of the feedback voltage to the output voltage.

Abstract: A vehicle pedal includes a main plastic pedal, a decoration, at least an adhesive sheet and an anti-slipping rubber plate, and a rack. The main plastic pedal has at least a pedal portion having plural small recesses respectively bored with a through hole. The decoration also has plural small recesses respectively bored with a through hole, and plural projections formed in the bottom to correspond to the small concaves. Plural positioning blocks are fitted in the through holes of the decoration. The adhesive sheet is glued between the pedaling portion of the decoration and the anti-slipping rubber plate, having plural through holes, with two sides coated with a glue layer. The anti-slipping rubber plate has plural positioning bars inserted through the through holes of the adhesive sheet to be restricted by the positioning blocks.

Abstract: A vehicle running board includes a treadle body, plural luminous members and a decorative plate. The main body is formed with a recessed surface for receiving the luminous members thereon. The luminous members have their upper parts respectively inserted in the through holes of the decorative plate, respectively provided with a transparent lamp holder, which has an outer wall formed with an annular projecting edge to resist against the underside of the decorative plate, and mounted thereon with an anti-skid pad. A circuit board received inside the lamp holder is installed with an LED and connected with power wires, and the luminous members are connected in series by the power wires that are connected to the electric power system of a vehicle. By so designing, the vehicle running board has effects of warning and illuminating for insuring safety in use.

Abstract: A vehicle pedal includes a main pedal and a cover. The main pedal has a supporting surface, a groove formed in the supporting surface, plural positioning bases located in the groove, and a through hole bored in each of the positioning bases. The cover has a grooved rail for being assembled in the groove. Plural screws have their heads confined in the grooved rail and their shanks extended out of the grooved rail into the through holes of the main pedal. A washer and a nut are mounted around each of the shanks. So with the heads of the screws restrained in the grooved rail and with the shanks of the screws inserted in the through holes, not only can the cover be quickly fixed on the main pedal, but also the screws can be hidden in the cover to achieve an aesthetic integral appearance.

Abstract: A vehicle pedal includes a main plastic pedal, a decoration, at least an adhesive sheet and an anti-slipping rubber plate, and a rack. The main plastic pedal has at least a pedal portion having plural small recesses respectively bored with a through hole. The decoration also has plural small recesses respectively bored with a through hole, and plural projections formed in the bottom to correspond to the small concaves. Plural positioning blocks are fitted in the through holes of the decoration. The adhesive sheet is glued between the pedaling portion of the decoration and the anti-slipping rubber plate, having plural through holes, with two sides coated with a glue layer. The anti-slipping rubber plate has plural positioning bars inserted through the through holes of the adhesive sheet to be restricted by the positioning blocks.

Abstract: A radiator grille of an automobile includes a plastic main grille provided with plural air vents and plural positioning bases formed in the inside. Each of the positioning bases has a plugging groove for being inserted with a hooking member, which is made of metal with a locking portion located at one end, a blocking portion elastically extended outward, and a hunched positioning portion formed outwardly. So, with the hooking members made of metal to possess a strong strength and elasticity, they are not to be easily broken owing to improper operation while being assembled with the main grille. Moreover, the radiator grille can not only be conveniently and swiftly assembled, but also firmly positioned in a car.

Abstract: A vehicle pedal includes a main pedal and a cover. The main pedal has a supporting surface, a groove formed in the supporting surface, plural positioning bases located in the groove, and a through hole bored in each of the positioning bases. The cover has a grooved rail for being assembled in the groove. Plural screws have their heads confined in the grooved rail and their shanks extended out of the grooved rail into the through holes of the main pedal. A washer and a nut are mounted around each of the shanks. So with the heads of the screws restrained in the grooved rail and with the shanks of the screws inserted in the through holes, not only can the cover be quickly fixed on the main pedal, but also the screws can be hidden in the cover to achieve an aesthetic integral appearance.

Abstract: A luminance adjusting device for an illuminator utilizes a circuitry to control the brightness of the illuminator, wherein power is stored in a power storage through a step-down circuit. The illuminator has a preset brightness. The preset brightness is done by the calculating processor to run according to an analyzed data received from a sampling frequency circuit to control a pulse modulator for driving the illuminator to emit light. The power switch is turned off and on again shortly, which triggers the calculating processor to control the pulse modular to drive the illuminator to change the preset brightness, so that the brightness of the illuminator is controlled by the time differentials of the power switch's on and off.

Abstract: A radiator grille of an automobile includes a plastic main grille provided with plural air vents and plural positioning bases formed in the inside. Each of the positioning bases has a plugging groove for being inserted with a hooking member, which is made of metal with a locking portion located at one end, a blocking portion elastically extended outward, and a hunched positioning portion formed outwardly. So, with the hooking members made of metal to possess a strong strength and elasticity, they are not to be easily broken owing to improper operation while being assembled with the main grille. Moreover, the radiator grille can not only be conveniently and swiftly assembled, but also firmly positioned in a car.