Abstract: A cantilever type probe comprises a cantilever-shaped displacement element and a tip which displacement element has a first electrode layer, a first piezoelectric material film and a second piezoelectric material film which films are laminated on opposite sides of the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer and a third electrode layer which layer are laminated on outer surfaces of the piezoelectric material films, and which tip is connected with a leader electrode located at a free end of the surface of the displacement element; wherein in the width direction of the cantilever both ends of the first electrode layer protrude outward more than each end of the second and third electrode layers. A scanning tunneling microscope comprises the cantilever type probe, a driving means for displacing the probe, a stage for specimen so as to approach and locate the specimen to the tip, and a potential applying means for applying a bias voltage between the tip and the specimen.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus including a recording medium, a magnetic material having a predetermined magnetization pattern with respect to the recording medium, a first device for detecting the magnetization pattern of the magnetic material, a second device for detecting a change of the recording medium and a third device for driving the recording medium and the second device relative to each other, based on a signal from the first device.

Abstract: A micro-displacement element comprises a unimorph cantilever having a piezoelectric thin film, a pair of electrodes between which the piezoelectric thin film is sandwiched, and an elastic thin film. One end of the cantilever is supported by a support, and the other end thereof is provided with a probe. The micro-displacement element can be used particularly as an array of plural elements, for an information processing apparatus in which the element faces to a recording medium such that an information recording pulse voltage or an information reproducing bias voltage can be applied to between the probe and the recording medium.

Abstract: In an apparatus including a recording medium on which a multiplicity of information bit lines are formed and a probe facing the recording medium, the displacement between the center of the information bit line and the locus of the probe is detected at the time of relatively moving the probe along the information bit line. Tracking is performed in such a manner that the probe scans the center of the information bit line in accordance with the detection results.

Abstract: A physical vapor deposition device having a delivery roller for delivering a substrate, a rotatory drum upon which a magnetic recording layer is formed on the substrate and a wind-up roller which winds up said substrate. The device also has a heating source ahead of the rotatory drum and one or more conveying rollers, wherein one of the conveying rollers is an expander roller which is provided between the delivery roller and the rotatory drum. A thin film forming device uses the expander roller and also has a delivery roller, at least one conveying roller and a wind-up roller.

Abstract: A method for preparing a magnetic recording medium, which comprises applying a thermal treatment at a temperature of 100.degree. C. or higher on a polymeric substrate comprising a polybiphenyl type imide having a molecular structure shown below, and then forming a magnetic layer on said substrate, and magnetic recording medium prepared by said method.

Abstract: A method for preparing a magnetic recording medium comprises delivering a substrate from a delivery roller, passing the substrate through one or a plurality of conveying rollers and forming a magnetic recording layer on said substrate by the physical vapor deposition method in the course of running along the circumferential surface of a rotatory drum, characterized in that said substrate is heated between the delivery roller and the conveying roller or between a conveying roller and another conveying roller, and the conveying roller through which said substrate passes after heating is made an expander roller.