Abstract: The state of a plurality of electric storage blocks connected in serial is determined. Each of the electric storage blocks includes a plurality of electric storage elements connected in parallel. Each of the electric storage elements includes a current breaker configured to break a current path in the electric storage element. When a first voltage characteristic is shifted from a second voltage characteristic, it is determined that the current breaker is operated. The first voltage characteristic is acquired from a voltage sensor acquiring an open circuit voltage of each electric storage block and indicates a change in the open circuit voltage with respect to a capacity of the electric storage block. The second voltage characteristic is calculated from a capacity retention rate and a variation of the capacity and indicates a change in the open circuit voltage with respect to the capacity of the electric storage block.

Abstract: [Summary] [Objective] Estimation accuracy in a battery status estimating device which estimates a charge status of a secondary battery should be improved further more. [Means for Solution] In an SOC estimation by integration of a charge-and-discharge current, influence of a sensor error cannot be disregarded, and the influence of such an error is accumulated as time passes. On the other hand, in an SOC estimation based on measured values of a battery voltage and a battery temperature, estimation accuracy largely depends on a load-generation pattern. Then, in accordance with the present invention, by mixing both, while one of them is reset based on a reliability in accordance with an operation situation and/or an input current value which will be the premise for an SOC estimate calculation in a battery model is set up based on the reliability, it becomes possible to compute an SOC estimate in high accuracy as much as possible in accordance with the operation situation.

Abstract: A mask correcting unit corrects an externally set mask pattern. A depth map processing unit processes a depth map of an input image for each of a plurality of regions designated by a plurality of mask patterns corrected by the mask correcting unit. An image generation unit generates an image of a different viewpoint on the basis of the input image and depth maps processed by the depth map processing unit. The mask correcting unit performs a blurring process on an object boundary part of the mask pattern.

Abstract: Each of the electric storage elements has a current interrupt device interrupting a current path within the electric storage element. The controller uses the voltage detected by the voltage sensor to calculate the estimated value of a current passing through the electric storage block having a plurality of electric storage elements connected in parallel. The controller uses the correspondence between a first ratio and a second ratio to determine whether or not the current interrupt device is in an interrupt state. The first ratio is the ratio between the estimated current value and the reference value of a current passing through the electric storage block. The second ratio is the ratio between the total number of the electric storage elements constituting the electric storage block and the total number of the current interrupt devices not in the interrupt state.

Abstract: An electric storage system includes electric storage blocks and a controller determining the state of each of the electric storage blocks. The plurality of electric storage blocks are connected in series, and each of the electric storage blocks has a plurality of electric storage elements connected in parallel. Each of the electric storage elements has a current breaker breaking a current path within the electric storage element. The controller acquires at least one parameter of an internal resistance and a full charge capacity of each of the electric storage blocks, and uses a change rate between the acquired parameter and a reference value to specify the number of current breakers in a broken state (the number of breaks) in each of the electric storage blocks. The reference value refers to the value of the parameter in the electric storage block not including the current breaker in the broken state.

Abstract: A battery system includes a motor serving as a driving source for driving a vehicle, a high capacity type battery and a high power type battery each capable of supplying a power to the motor, and a controller controlling charge and discharge of each of the high capacity type battery and the high power type battery. The controller causes the high capacity type battery to be discharged continuously. The controller controls charge and discharge of the high power type battery such that the SOC of the high power type battery is matched with a predetermined value while the high capacity type battery is discharged continuously. The controller causes the high power type battery to be discharged continuously such that the SOC of the high power type battery becomes lower than the predetermined value while the high capacity type battery is not discharged continuously.

Abstract: A battery system includes a motor serving as a driving source for driving a vehicle, a high capacity type battery and a high power type battery each capable of supplying a power to the motor, and a controller controlling charge and discharge of each of the high capacity type battery and the high power type battery. The controller causes the high capacity type battery to be discharged continuously. The controller controls charge and discharge of the high power type battery such that the SOC of the high power type battery is matched with a predetermined value while the high capacity type battery is discharged continuously. The controller causes the high power type battery to be discharged continuously such that the SOC of the high power type battery becomes lower than the predetermined value while the high capacity type battery is not discharged continuously.

Abstract: An electric storage system includes a first electric storage apparatus and a second electric storage apparatus each performing charge and discharge, a first relay and a second relay, and a controller. The first relay enables the charge and discharge of the first electric storage apparatus in an ON state and disables them in an OFF state. The second relay enables the charge and discharge of the second electric storage apparatus in an ON state and disables them in an OFF state. The first electric storage apparatus and the first relay are connected in parallel to the second electric storage apparatus and the second relay. The controller switches each of the first relay and the second relay from the ON state to the OFF state after the controller allows a circulating current flowing between the first electric storage apparatus and the second electric storage apparatus.

Abstract: An alternating current impedance-estimating section (106) estimates an alternating current impedance (Rh) of the secondary battery based on electric current (I) and voltage (V) of the secondary battery detected when a ripple generating section causes a ripple current to flow in the secondary battery. A temperature estimating section (108) estimates the temperature (T) of the secondary battery based on the alternating current impedance (Rh) estimated by the alternating current impedance-estimating section (106) with the use of the relation, obtained in advance, between the temperature (T) of the secondary battery and the alternating current impedance (Rh) of the secondary battery at a ripple frequency.

Abstract: The first battery is configured to be charged and discharged with a larger current than the second battery. The second battery has a higher storage capacity than the first battery. When the voltage of the second battery is lower than the voltage of the first battery, the controller allows charging of the second battery through the second relay while prohibiting charging of the first battery through the first relay until the voltage of the second battery reaches the voltage of the first battery.

Abstract: A battery pack has a plurality of assembled batteries connected in parallel. Each of the assembled batteries has a plurality of cells connected electrically. A circulating current in each of the assembled batteries is calculated from an open circuit voltage of the assembled battery that varies according to the number of the cells connected in series, a value indicating a charge state of the assembled battery that varies according to the number of the cells connected in parallel, and an internal resistance of the assembled battery. The number of the cells connected in parallel and the number of the cells connected in series in each of the assembled batteries are numbers determined under the condition that the circulating current should not exceed an allowable current value for the assembled battery.

Abstract: A battery state estimating unit estimates an internal state of a secondary battery in accordance with a battery model equation in every arithmetic cycle, and estimates a charging rate and a battery current based on a result of the estimation. A parameter estimating unit obtains a battery current measured by a sensor as well as the charging rate and the battery current estimated by the battery state estimating unit. The parameter estimating unit estimates a capacity deterioration parameter such that a rate of change in difference (estimation error) between a summed value of an actual current and a summed value of an estimated current with respect to the charging rate is minimized. A result obtained by estimating the capacity deterioration parameter is reflected in the battery model by the battery state estimating unit.

Abstract: A control apparatus (30) estimates a status of charge (SOC) by a first estimation method by temporarily changing the SOC of a battery (B) so that the SOC of the battery (B) falls within a first region in the case a period, during which the estimated value of the status of charge of the battery (B) falls within a second region, exceeds a prescribed period.

Abstract: A converter is disposed between a first battery and a power line for transmitting power inputted to and outputted from a motor for traveling. A second battery, on the other hand, is connected to the power line with a relay being interposed therebetween. A control unit controls the relay to be turned on or off in accordance with an operating state of the motor.

Abstract: An estimation apparatus has a controller which estimates an internal reaction of a secondary battery. The controller calculates a voltage drop amount due to an internal resistance of the secondary battery by using an expression (I): ? ? ? V = RT ? ? ? ? ? ? F ? arc ? ? sinh ( - R r ? I RT ? ? ? ? ? ? F ) - R d ? I ( I ) where ?V represents the voltage drop amount, R represents a gas constant, T represents a temperature, ? represents an oxidation reduction transfer coefficient (?=0.5) of an electrode, ? represents a correction coefficient (0<?<1), F represents the Faraday constant, I represents a discharge current, Rr represents a component of a reaction resistance included in the internal resistance, and Rd represents a component of a direct-current resistance included in the internal resistance.

Abstract: A display device includes: horizontal scan lines; vertical scan lines; an electro-optical element disposed at each of positions where the horizontal scan lines and the vertical scan lines intersect and selectively turned on based on a video signal and a vertical scan signal; a defect information storing section that stores defect information indicating whether each of the electro-optical elements has a defect; and a video signal generating section that generates a video signal to be supplied to the electro-optical element in each position based on a video signal supplied from outside and the defect information, wherein the video signal generating section supplies a video signal to the electro-optical elements such that the supply of a level required for turning on an element is stopped for an electro-optical element having a defect and the video signal supplied from the outside is supplied to an electro-optical element having no defect.

Abstract: A method includes the steps of calculating the temperature of a reference point in an electric storage element by using a detected temperature by a temperature sensor attached to an outer face of the electric storage element and a heat conduction equation, and estimating the internal state of the electric storage element by using the calculated temperature of the reference point. The reference point is a lattice point at which a temperature associated with the internal resistance of the electric storage element is shown, out of a plurality of lattice points provided in the electric storage element.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle (1) includes a battery (10-1), a motor-generator (32-2) operable to produce driving force using electric power of the battery (10-1), a charger (28) operable to charge the battery (10-1) by means of an external power supply, and an ECU (40). The ECU (40) stores a given parameter used in battery model expressions. The parameter varies according to the status of the battery (10-1). During running of the hybrid vehicle (1) and during charging of the battery (10-1) with the external power supply, the ECU (40) collects data related to the status of the battery (10-1), corrects the parameter based on the data, and calculates a value of charging rate (SOC) of the battery (10-1). The ECU (40) controls charge/discharge of the battery (10-1), based on the calculated SOC value.

Abstract: A degradation determination device includes: a measuring unit measuring an open-circuit voltage characteristic indicating an open-circuit voltage variation with respect to a lithium ion secondary battery capacity variation; and a determining unit determining a degradation state due to wear and precipitation of lithium using a parameter for identifying the open-circuit voltage characteristic that substantially coincides with the measured open-circuit voltage characteristic.

Abstract: A battery system includes a first battery and a second battery connected in parallel and performing charge and discharge. A first relay is switched between an ON state in which the charge and discharge of the first battery are allowed and an OFF state in which the charge and discharge of the first battery are prohibited. A second relay is switched between an ON state in which the charge and discharge of the second battery are allowed and an OFF state in which the charge and discharge of the second battery are prohibited. A controller controls the ON state and the OFF state of each of the first relay and the second relay. The controller also changes the order in which the first relay and the second relay are switched to the ON state, in performing the charge and discharge of the first battery and the second battery.