Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device comprises: an anode unit to oxidize water and thus generate oxygen; a cathode unit to reduce carbon dioxide and thus generate a carbon compound and hydrogen; a separator separating the anode and cathode units; and a power supply connected to the anode and cathode units, the cathode unit including: a porous member having a first surface and a second surface; a flow path plate facing the first surface; and a reduction catalyst on the second surface, and the flow path plate including: a flow path through which a target gas containing the carbon dioxide flows; and a porous film separating a first space and a second space inside the flow path and being permeated with an ionic liquid, the ionic liquid being configured to separate the carbon dioxide from the target gas.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell for carbon dioxide of an embodiment includes: an anode part including an anode to oxidize water or a hydroxide ion and thus produce oxygen and an anode solution flow path to supply an anode solution to the anode; a cathode part including a cathode to reduce carbon dioxide and thus produce a carbon compound, a cathode solution flow path to supply a cathode solution to the cathode, and a liquid passing member disposed between the cathode and the cathode solution flow path and having a pore allowing the cathode solution to pass through while holding the cathode solution; and a separator to separate the anode part and the cathode part from each other.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell for carbon dioxide of an embodiment includes: an anode part including an anode to oxidize water or a hydroxide ion and thus produce oxygen and an anode solution flow path to supply an anode solution to the anode; a cathode part including a cathode to reduce carbon dioxide and thus produce a carbon compound, a cathode solution flow path to supply a cathode solution to the cathode, a gas flow path to supply the carbon dioxide to the cathode, and a hydrophobic porous body disposed between the cathode and the gas flow path; and a separator to separate the anode part and the cathode part from each other.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide electrolytic device includes: an electrolysis cell; a sensor acquiring data indicating a concentration of a first product containing a carbon compound in an anode flow path of the electrolysis cell; a power controller to apply a voltage between an anode and a cathode of the electrolysis cell; a refresh material source including a gas source to supply a gaseous substance to at least one selected from the group consisting of the anode and cathode flow paths, and a solution supply source to supply a rinse solution to at least one selected from the group consisting of the anode and cathode flow paths; and a controller programmed to stop supply of carbon dioxide and an electrolytic solution, and supply the rinse solution to at least one selected from the group consisting of the anode and cathode flow paths from the refresh material source, in accordance with the data.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide reduction system comprises: an electrolytic unit including an electrolysis cell having a cathode to reduce a first substance containing carbon dioxide and thus produce a first product containing a carbon compound, and an anode to oxidize a second substance containing water or hydroxide ions and thus produce a second product containing oxygen, a detection unit to acquire data defining operation states of the electrolysis cell, and an electrolytic regulator to regulate electrolysis conditions of the electrolysis cell; a compression unit including a compressor to compress the first product, and a compressor regulator to regulate compression conditions of the first product by the compressor; and a controller programmed to predict a flow rate of the carbon compound discharged from the electrolysis cell in accordance with the data to control regulation of the compression conditions in accordance with the predicted flow rate.

Abstract: An oxidation electrode in an embodiment includes: a conductive substrate made of a metal material including titanium, titanium alloy, or stainless steel; and an oxidation catalyst layer provided on the conductive substrate and made of a composite body containing nickel and iron. A bonding state of nickel and iron in the composite body containing nickel and iron is composed of Ni(OH)2, NiOOH, and FeOOH.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide electrolytic device comprises: an electrolysis cell including a first electrode having a first catalyst to reduce carbon dioxide, a second electrode having a second catalyst to oxidize water or hydroxide ions, a first electrode flow path facing the first electrode, a second electrode flow path facing the second electrode, and a separator separating the first and second electrodes; a power controller; a first flow path through which the carbon dioxide flows; a second flow path through which the carbon compound flows; a third flow path through which an electrolytic solution containing the water flows; a fourth flow path through which the oxygen flows; a first valve to connect the first electrode flow path and the first flow path; a second valve to connect the first electrode flow path and the second flow path; a tank connected to the first electrode flow path and configured to store a rinse solution; and a controller programmed to control opening and closing of the first and second valves in ac

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction device includes: a solar cell; an electrolytic tank having a first tank storing a first solution including an oxidant and/or reductant of a redox medium and a second tank storing a second solution including water and/or proton; a first electrode set in the first tank, connected to a positive electrode of the solar cell through a first switching element, and connected to a negative electrode of the solar cell through a second switching element; and a second electrode set in the second tank, connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell through a third switching element, and connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell through a fourth switching element.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device comprises: an anode to oxidize water and thus generate oxygen; an electrolytic solution flow path facing on the anode and through which a first electrolytic solution containing the water flows; a a cathode to reduce carbon dioxide and thus generate a carbon compound; a separator between the anode and the cathode; a power supply connected to the anode and the cathode; and a flow path plate including a first flow path facing on the cathode and through which the carbon dioxide flows and a second flow path facing on the cathode and through which at least one of a second electrolytic solution and the carbon dioxide flows.

Abstract: An electrolytic device of an embodiment has a solution or gas containing water and carbon dioxide, a first electrode oxidizing the water to produce oxygen, a second electrode and a third electrode reducing the carbon dioxide to produce a carbon compound, and a power supply applying current across the first electrode and the second and third electrodes. A composing material of the second electrode has an ionization tendency larger than a composing material of the third electrode. The third electrode mainly reduces the carbon dioxide to produce a first carbon compound, and the second electrode mainly reduces the first carbon compound to produce a second carbon compound.

Abstract: Provided are a heat-curable maleimide resin composition capable of yielding a cured product superior in tracking resistance; and a semiconductor device encapsulated by the cured product of such resin composition. The heat-curable maleimide resin composition for semiconductor encapsulation contains: (A) a maleimide compound being solid at 25° C., and having, per molecule, at least one dimer acid backbone, at least one linear alkylene group having not less than 6 carbon atoms, and at least two maleimide groups; (B) an inorganic filler; and C) a curing accelerator.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method of operating a chemical reaction device that includes the steps of determining the presence of surplus power more than a demand, and determining the presence of solar energy.

Abstract: The present invention is a quartz glass fiber-containing prepreg, including: (A) at least one quartz glass fiber selected from the group consisting of a quartz cloth, a quartz chopped strand, a quartz nonwoven fabric, and a quartz wool; as well as a resin composition including (B) a maleimide compound that is a solid at 25° C., containing at least one dimer acid skeleton, at least one linear alkylene group having 6 or more carbon atoms, and at least two maleimide groups in the molecule; and (C) a curing accelerator, wherein the total content of uranium and thorium is 0 to 0.1 ppm. This provides a quartz glass fiber-containing prepreg to give a quartz glass fiber-containing substrate that is used as a PCB to prevent malfunction of a semiconductor device caused by the PCB to decrease transmission loss.

Abstract: A producing system of reduction product of carbon dioxide includes a chemical reaction apparatus including an oxidation reaction electrolytic bath and a reduction reaction electrolytic bath, the chemical reaction apparatus configured to generate a reduction product by reducing carbon dioxide, an electrolytic solution supply unit supplying an electrolytic solution to the reduction reaction electrolytic bath, a carbon dioxide supply unit configured to dissolve carbon dioxide into the electrolytic solution, the carbon dioxide supply unit serving to sustain a reduction reaction in the reduction reaction electrolytic bath, and a separation unit configured to separate the reduction product from the electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A surrounding environment recognizing apparatus that is mounted on a vehicle and recognizes a surrounding environment of the vehicle includes: an own vehicle information acquiring unit that acquires own vehicle information about motion of the vehicle; a surrounding environment factor acquiring unit that acquires surrounding environment factor information about an environment factor around the vehicle; a time-of-presence range determining unit that determines, based on the own vehicle information, an own vehicle time-of-presence range representing a time-of-presence range of the vehicle for each position around the vehicle; and a risk-of-driving determining unit that determines a risk of driving in an area around the vehicle based on the own vehicle time-of-presence range and the surrounding environment factor information.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device in an embodiment includes: a reaction vessel including a first accommodating part to accommodate a first electrolytic solution containing carbon dioxide, and a second accommodating part to accommodate a second electrolytic solution containing water; a reduction electrode disposed in the first accommodating part; an oxidation electrode disposed in the second accommodating part; a power supply electrode connected to the reduction electrode and the oxidation electrode; and a third accommodating part to mix a first gas component produced in the first accommodating part with the first electrolytic solution after the first gas component is produced.

Abstract: A solar battery module is provided that includes plural solar battery cells, plural interconnectors each having a shock absorber, a sealing layer, a back face layer, and a front face layer having optical transparency. The plural solar battery cells each include an electrode on a peripheral edge portion at a back face that does not receive sunlight. The plural interconnectors extend along the peripheral edge portions, and connect the electrodes of the plural solar battery cells to each other. The sealing layer seals each of the solar battery cells and each of the interconnectors. The shock absorber is disposed in a region between corner portions of adjacent or diagonally opposing solar battery cells, and permits movement of the solar battery cells accompanying expansion or contraction of at least one out of the back face layer or the front face layer.

Abstract: A solar battery module including: a solar battery cell; a surface layer that is made of a resin; a sealing layer having an upper portion sealing layer that seals an upper portion of the solar battery cell, and a lower portion sealing layer that seals a lower portion of the solar battery cell; and a back layer having a first metal layer made of a metal having a linear expansion coefficient lower than that of the resin constituting the surface layer, a foamed layer made of a foamed resin, and a second metal layer made of a metal having a linear expansion coefficient lower than that of the resin constituting the surface layer.

Abstract: A reduction electrode of an embodiment includes a metal base material and a plurality of metal nanowires provided on the metal base material. The plurality of metal nanowires include metal nanowires whose average height of contour curve of surface is 20 nm or less for 50% or more in a number ratio. The plurality of metal nanowires are formed by reducing a plurality of metal oxides each having a nanowire shape formed on the metal base material by an electrochemical reduction method. A reduction process of the metal oxides includes a first process of passing a current under a constant current condition where an absolute value is 5 mA/cm2 or more through the plurality of metal oxides, and a second process of passing a current under a constant potential condition through the plurality of metal oxides.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical reaction device of an embodiment includes: a first stack including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photovoltaic layer provided therebetween; a second stack including a third electrode electrically connected to the first electrode, a fourth electrode electrically connected to the second electrode, and an ion migration layer provided therebetween; and an electrolytic solution tank storing a first electrolytic solution in which the third electrode is immersed and a second electrolytic solution in which the fourth electrode is immersed. One of the third and fourth electrodes causes an oxidation reaction, and the other of the third and fourth electrodes causes a reduction reaction. The third and fourth electrodes have ion permeability. An area of the second stack is larger than that of the first stack.