Abstract: This cemented carbide material for a surface coated gear cutting tool is employed in a substrate for a surface coated gear cutting tool which is obtained by forming a hard coated layer on a surface of the substrate, the cemented carbide material for a surface coated gear cutting tool includes a WC-?t-Co based cemented carbide, wherein a content of Co forming a binder phase of the cemented carbide material is in a range of 12 to 17 wt %, and among components of a ?t solid solution forming a hard phase of the cemented carbide material, a content of components excluding WC is in a range of 15 to 20 wt %, and a total content of Ta carbonitride and Nb caronitride is in a range of 5 to 8 wt %.

Abstract: This cemented carbide material for a surface coated gear cutting tool is employed in a substrate for a surface coated gear cutting tool which is obtained by forming a hard coated layer on a surface of the substrate, the cemented carbide material for a surface coated gear cutting tool includes a WC-?t-Co based cemented carbide, wherein a content of Co forming a binder phase of the cemented carbide material is in a range of 12 to 17 wt %, and among components of a ?t solid solution forming a hard phase of the cemented carbide material, a content of components excluding WC is in a range of 15 to 20 wt %, and a total content of Ta carbonitride and Nb caronitride is in a range of 5 to 8 wt %.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a portland cement substitute which shows no deterioration of various characteristics (e.g., bending strength) even when incorporated with chips or wastes discharged from a hard cemented chip board production process at 20% by weight or more to reutilize them, method for producing the same easily and economically, hard cemented chip board comprising the same, and method for producing hard cemented chip boards comprising the same.

Abstract: A catalyst for the production of acrylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or acrolein-containing gas and a method for the production of acrylic acid by the use of this catalyst are provided. The catalyst of this invention comprises (A) a catalyst having Mo and V as essential components and used for the production of acrylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein and (B) a solid acid having acid strength (Ho) of not more than −11.93. Since this catalyst excels in catalytic activity and service life, it allows acrylic acid to be produced stably at a high yield for a long time.

Abstract: An absolute-value encoder device for detecting a plurality of rotation quantities is disclosed. An A/B phase forming portion 610 forms an A-phase pulse signal and a B-phase pulse signal, based on light passing through a slit rotating together with a rotary shaft. One period of each of those pulse signals corresponds to one revolution of a rotary shaft. The A- and B-phase pulse signals are displaced in phase by 90° from each other. When an A/B-phase state detecting portion 640 detects a state change of each of those pulse signals, a clock forming portion 66 changes a frequency of a clock pulse signal to another frequency.

Abstract: The present invention has as its objective the provision of a cemented carbide (for a drill) which has excellent breakage resistance and which displays good adhesion when coated with a hard-carbon coating; as well as the provision of a drill for forming holes in printed circuit boards which is made using said cemented carbide. It is a WC-iron group metal cemented carbide having as its main component WC having an average grain size of 0.7 .mu.m or less; containing 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of one or more types selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Ta and Mo; whose surface layer consists of substantially only WC or only WC grains and components other than binder phase comprising iron group metals; wherein the average grain size of the WC in the surface layer is larger than the average grain size of the WC in the interior; and wherein the Young's Modulus at the interior is 600 MPa or higher.

Abstract: A catalyst for the production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol and methyl-t-butyl ether and a method for the production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid by the use of this catalyst are provided. The catalyst of this invention comprises (A) a catalyst having Mo, Bi and Fe as essential components and used for the production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol and/or methyl-t-butyl ether and (B) a solid acid having acid strength (Ho) of not more than -11.93. Since this catalyst excels in catalytic activity and service life, it allows unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid to be produced stably at a high yield for a long time.

Abstract: Apparatus for applying a coating of a slurry of a powdered solder material and a binder to the inner surface of a hollow metal cylinder. The apparatus includes solder material coating device including a coating nozzle which may be moved between a coating position within the interior of the hollow metal cylinder and a non-coating position; a guide for guiding and transporting a hollow metal cylinder towards the nozzle; means for rotating and supporting the hollow metal cylinder when the nozzle is in the coating position. The solder coated metal cylinder is used, for example, to provide an exhaust gas cleaning metal carrier in which a metal honey inner core is inserted into and soldered by the solder slurry applied to the hollow metal cylinder.

Abstract: A catalyst for the production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol and methyl-t-butyl ether and a method for the production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid by the use of this catalyst are provided. The catalyst of this invention comprises (A) a catalyst having Mo, Bi and Fe as essential components and used for the production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol and/or methyl-t-butyl ether and (B) a solid acid having acid strength (Ho) of not more than -11.93. Since this catalyst excels in catalytic activity and service life, it allows unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid to be produced stably at a high yield for a long time.

Abstract: This invention has for its object to provide a matrix which finds application as a plant culture medium which is light-weight, possessed of large moisture and fertilizer holding capacities, easy to dispose of after use, and benign to the environment or a microorganism-immobilizing support capable of immobilizing a large population of microorganisms with remarkably improved long-term viability and providing for markedly improved colonization and growth rates. The matrix of this invention is composed predominantly of polysaccharide and lignin and has an internal pore structure.

Abstract: An absolute position detection apparatus which comprises sine and cosine wave generators for generating one or more sets of sine and cosine waves within a cycle, analog-to-digital converters for converting the incoming sine and cosine waves generated by the sine and cosine wave generators into digital values. An arithmetic unit is used for calculating a compensation for errors including offset, amplitude and phase errors on the basis of the digital values from the analog-to-digital converters. In the apparatus, the arithmetic unit operates on a phase angle from phase angles found by the arithmetic performed prior to or during said error compensations and the digital values from the analog-to-digital converters, whereby a low-priced, highly reliable absolute position detection apparatus can be achieved without the addition of compensation circuits to the hardware.

Abstract: A catalyst for the production of methacrylic acid by the vapor-phase catalyst oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of at least one compound selected rom the group consisting of methacrolein, isobutyl aldehyde, and isobutyric acid and a method for the production of methacrylic acid by the use of this catalyst are provided. The catalyst of this invention comprises (A) a composite oxide having Mo and P as essential components and used for the production of methacrylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of methacrolein, isobutyl aldehyde, and/or isobutyric acid and (B) a solid acid having acid strength (Ho) of not more than -11.93. Since this catalyst excels in catalytic activity and service life, it allows methacrylic acid to be produced stably at a high yield for a long time.

Abstract: A metal carrier and a production method thereof for carrying an exhaust gas cleaning catalyst for automobiles, autobicycles, and industrial equipment. The metal carrier includes a metal honeycomb core body pressed into a metal outer cylinder, and the joined portion of the a flat plate and a corrugated plate forming the metal honeycomb core body includes a solder material coated in spots or stripes at peaks of corrugation of the corrugated plate. The solder material in the joined portion of the flat plate and the corrugated plate has a thickness of less than 100 .mu.m, the positions of the joined portions are different between the surface and backside of the flat plate and corrugated plate, and the joined portions are present through an unjoined area having a length of more than 5% of the length of the metal honeycomb core body from an end face of the metal honeycomb core body at the exhaust gas inlet side.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal catalyst carrier for cleaning automobile exhaust gases is disclosed. A core having a honeycomb cross-section is inserted into an outer cylinder having an inner diameter nearly equal to that of the outer diameter of the core, by expanding one end of the outer cylinder, pressing the core into the expanded cylinder and heating the assembly to restore the shape of the expanded end. Alternatively, the core is formed by winding a foil solder around its periphery and then contracting and inserting the core into the outer cylinder.

Abstract: The position of a machine tool or the like is accurately obtained by an absolute value encoder. Light emission elements emit light which passes through scales containing optical patterns and is detected by light receiving elements. First, a signal detected by the light receiving elements while the light emission elements are extinguished is stored in memory. Then, the light emission elements are lighted and the signal detected by the light receiving elements is corrected by the previously stored signal.

Abstract: A metallic carrier for carrying a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas and a production method thereof, produced from corrugated plates having a trapezoidal cross section and flat plates, both being resistant to high-temperature oxidation, joined by welding and soldering in the vicinity of the welded portions, which are strongly joined and can be used with no problems of telescoping even under heavy heat cycles and gas pressures.

Abstract: A method of preparing methacrolein and/or methacrylic acid by catalytic gas phase oxidation of isobutane in the presence of a catalyst, wherein said catalyst is a catalyst containing divanadyl pyrophosphate and represented by general formula (1)P.sub.a V.sub.b X.sub.c Y.sub.d Z.sub.e O.sub.x (1)wherein P, V, and O represent phosphorus, vanadium and oxygen, respectively; X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of cobalt and nickel; Y represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, lanthanum, neodymium, samarium, cerium, zirconium, chromium, magnesium, tungsten, tin, hafnium, uranium, indium, cadmium, molybdenum, antimony, bismuth, rhodium, silver and sulfur; Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium; a, b, c, d, e, and x represent atomic ratios, respectively, provided that when a is 1, b is 0.2 to 2, c is 0.

Abstract: An air conditioning system has a plurality of profile elements which are attached to the ceiling of a room and arranged to extend in line in such a manner as to define with the ceiling surface and a wall surface a channel-like space, and an air conditioner and accessories thereof. The profile elements are classified into a plurality of groups in terms of length but have the same cross-sectional configuration, so that they do not spoil the appearance of the interior of the room in which the air conditioning system is installed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing methacrolein and methacrylic acid by subjecting at least one material selected from isobutylene, t-butanol and methyl t-butyl ether to gas phase catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas using a fixed bed multi-tubular reactor.

Abstract: A precision, high-resolution, absolute, multi-revolution encoder which allows a multi-revolution position value of a shaft to be detected with high reliability, using only a single revolution detector, and makes multi-revolution detection indirectly related to the accuracy of a rotary angle position signal. The output signal from the single multi-revolution detector is used, together with an inverted output signal, to increment and decrement corresponding up/down counters, based on the direction of rotation of the shaft. Each of the up/down counters is incremented or decremented at different points or zones of the shaft rotation so that the rotational value can be determined unambiguously. A conventional grey-code detector provides accurate angle values. The counters may exist as discrete hardware or integrated software embodiments.