Abstract: A divider 3 for dividing and distributing a high-frequency signal input from an input terminal 1 to two output sides, a main amplifying unit 4, connected to one output side of the divider 3, for amplifying one high-frequency signal output from the divider 3, a subsidiary amplifying unit 5, connected to the other output side of the divider 3, for performing no operation in case of a low instantaneous electric power of the other high-frequency signal output from the divider 3 and amplifying the other high-frequency signal in case of a high instantaneous electric power of the other high-frequency signal and a circulator 6 for injecting the high-frequency signal amplified in the subsidiary amplifying unit 5 into the output side of the main amplifying unit 4 and injecting the high-frequency signal amplified in the main amplifying unit 4 into an output terminal 2 are arranged.

Abstract: A high-frequency amplifying unit 2 in which a steep gain variation developed according to a change in the amplitude of input high-frequency signal is suppressed is provided. It amplifies an input high-frequency signal with a transistor 12 at the same time a measuring circuit 27 measures amplitude of the input high-frequency signal, and a bias control circuit 26 continuously controls a bias applied to the transistor 12 according to the value of amplitude measured by the measuring circuit 27. Thus it is possible to suppress a steep gain variation produced according to a variation in the amplitude of input high-frequency signal.

Abstract: A feedforward amplifier combines an input signal delayed by a delay circuit with an output signal by a combiner; down-converts the output of the combiner to a low frequency by a frequency converter; extracts a distortion component from the output of the frequency converter; measures the distortion component by a power detector; and controls a second vector regulator of a distortion canceling loop by a controller such that the distortion component measured becomes minimum.

Abstract: A feedforward amplifier combines an input signal combined by a first error rejection loop with an error component and a first pilot signal detected by a second error detection loop, thereby canceling out the error component and the first pilot signal residual in the input signal.

Abstract: A suction unit for medical applications comprises a reciprocating type change-over suction device 1. The suction device 1 includes a cylinder holding tubular body 1a provided with a single passage 2 and left and right branch passages 2a and 2b bifurcated from the single passage 2 for connecting to a suction apparatus such as a vacuum pump. The device includes a cylinder 1b which is slidably movable and held by the cylinder holding tubular body 1a and provided with left and right ventilation passages 4 and 5, left and right actuation plates 8 and 9 fixed to the left and right ends of the cylinder 1b. Left and right chambers 6 and 7 are connected to the left and right end portions of the cylinder holding tubular body 1a. Left and right closing members close the openings of the left and right chambers.

Abstract: Conventional distortion compensation circuits have addressed the problem that their distortion compensation amount is greatly reduced at levels other than the designed power level. The present invention provides a distortion compensation circuit that comprises: a vector adjuster; a linearizer; a linear signal extraction path for extracting part of an input signal from the input side of the vector adjuster; a nonlinear signal extraction path for extracting part of an output signal from the output side of the amplifier; a level detector for detecting a combined power level of the signals from the linear signal extraction path and the nonlinear signal extraction path; and a control circuit for adjusting a bias of the linearizer in accordance with the detected combined power level, electrically adjusting the linearizer so that the power detected by the level detector is minimized, and adjusting the vector adjuster so that the power detected by the level detector is minimized every time the linearizer is adjusted.

Abstract: A feedforward amplifier combines an input signal delayed by a delay circuit with an output signal by a combiner; down-converts the output of the combiner to a low frequency by a frequency converter; extracts a distortion component from the output of-the frequency converter; measures the distortion component by a power detector; and controls a second vector regulator of a distortion canceling loop by a controller such that the distortion component measured becomes minimum.

Abstract: The invention provides N-phenyltetrahydrophthalamic acid derivatives represented by the general formula [I], methods of producing the same, herbicides containing the same as the effective components, imidoylchloride derivatives as the intermediate products and methods of producing the same, wherein X and Y each individually represent hydrogen atoms or halogen atoms, R1 represents a lower alkoxycarbonylalkylthio group, R2 represents a lower alkyl group, a halogenated lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and R3 represents a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkenyloxy group, a lower alkynyloxy group, or a lower alkoxyalkoxy group. The herbicides of the present invention, which are very useful, can be widely applied to upland, paddy field, orchard, turf, forest, non-crop land, etc., and are not harmful to crops.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coated granular fertilizer having a film covering fertilizer granules. This film comprises a polyurethane resin prepared by a method comprising the steps of (a) reacting an aromatic polyisocyanate with a first polyol component (i.e., castor oil or a castor oil derivative), thereby to obtain a prepolymer having terminal isocyanate groups in the molecule; and (b) reacting the prepolymer with a second polyol component (i.e., castor oil or a castor oil derivative) and a third polyol component which is an amine having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, thereby to cure the prepolymer and thus to prepare the polyurethane resin. The invention relates to another coated granular fertilizer having a film covering fertilizer granules. This film comprises a urethane resin and aqueous-fluid-absorbing particles having a particle diameter of from 1 to 200 &mgr;m. This urethane resin may be the above polyurethane resin.

Abstract: A process of making a multiple layered structure comprises etching at least partially a portion of dielectric material above a fuse upon etching at least one hole to establish electrical interconnection between the adjacent two wiring layers separated by the dielectric material. After forming a protective film, a portion of the protective film above the fuse is etched upon etching at least one aperture to expose a pad of one of the wiring layers underneath the protective film. The remaining material above the fuse is removed by etching using the same mask as etching the at least one aperture through the protective film. Electrical testing is conducted using an electrical probe at the pad. In response to result of the electrical testing, laser energy is focused to a target fuse.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coated granular fertilizer having a film covering fertilizer granules. This film comprises a polyurethane resin prepared by a method comprising the steps of (a) reacting an aromatic polyisocyanate with a first polyol component (i.e., castor oil or a castor oil derivative), thereby to obtain a prepolymer having terminal isocyanate groups in the molecule; and (b) reacting the prepolymer with a second polyol component (i.e., castor oil or a castor oil derivative) and a third polyol component which is an amine having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, thereby to cure the prepolymer and thus to prepare the polyurethane resin. The invention relates to another coated granular fertilizer having a film covering fertilizer granules. This film comprises a urethane resin and aqueous-fluid-absorbing particles having a particle diameter of from 1 to 200 &mgr;m. This urethane resin may be the above polyurethane resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluorine-containing resin (graft copolymer) used for preparing a paint. This resin is prepared by a graft copolymerization of a fluorine-containing copolymer with a first monomer composition. The fluorine-containing copolymer comprises a first constitutional unit derived from a fluoroolefin and at least one of second and third constitutional units. The second constitutional unit is derived from a particular carboxylic acid vinyl ester represented by a general formula of R--C(.dbd.O)OCH.dbd.CH.sub.2 where R is a special group. The third constitutional unit is derived from a first monomer which is at least one compound selected from vinyl ethers and allyl ethers. The first monomer is represented by a general formula of R--O--(CH.sub.2)n--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2. The first monomer composition for preparing the resin contains a second monomer which is at least one compound selected from methacrylic acid esters and acrylic esters. The second monomer is represented by a general formula of CH.sub.

Abstract: A feedforward amplifier which includes a distortion detector, a distortion eliminator, an error power extractor, a first level detector and a first controller. The error power extractor extracts output error power due to variations in the distortion eliminator by combining the output signal from the distortion eliminator with the signal from a first linear signal path in the distortion detector in opposite phases. The first level detector detects the output error power extracted by the error power extractor, and the first controller controls a first variable attenuator and a first phase shifter which are interposed in the distortion eliminator such that the output error power is maintained at zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable fluorine-containing copolymer prepared by copolymerizing a monomer mixture. This monomer mixture is in an amount of 100 mol % in total and includes (a) 10-60 mol % of a first polymerizable monomer that is one of hexafluoroisobutene and hexafluoroacetone, each of which has one hexafluoroisopropylidene group; (b) 10-70 mol % of a fatty acid vinyl ester that is represented by a general formula of CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--OC (.dbd.O) --R.sup.1 where R.sup.1 is one of an alkyl group and --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R.sup.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --H where R.sup.

Abstract: The invention provides N-phenyltetrahydrophthalamic acid derivatives represented by the general formula ?I!, methods of producing the same, herbicides containing the same as the effective components, imidoylchloride derivatives as the intermediate products and methods of producing the same, ##STR1## wherein X and Y each individually represent hydrogen atoms or halogen atoms, R.sup.1 represents a lower alkoxycarbonylalkylthio group, R.sup.2 represents a lower alkyl group, a halogenated lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and R.sup.3 represents a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkenyloxy group, a lower alkynyloxy group, or a lower alkoxyalkoxy group. The herbicides of the present invention, which are very useful, can be widely applied to upland, paddy field, orchard, turf, forest, non-crop land, etc., and are not harmful to crops.

Abstract: To form sharp image free from flow of image or fog with an electrophotographic apparatus, which uses an a-Si photo-sensitive drum charged uniformly by having resort to the discharge phenomenon, the electrophotographic apparatus comprises an electrophotographic photo-sensitive drum having a surface layer being represented by an elementary ratio composition formula ( a-Si.sub.1-x C.sub.x :H ), x being 0.95.ltoreq..times.<1, the dynamic indentation hardness of the upper surface layer being 300 kgf/mm.sup.2 or below, the hardness of said surface layer being higher on the inner side of said photoconductive layer than on the outer surface side, preferably being gradually increasing as one goes toward the inner side of said photoelectric layer from the outer surface side, and a developing unit using a developer composed of carrier and toner particles being caused to rub the drum surface and recovered said developer in a developer vessel.

Abstract: The improved method comprises contacting a substrate 5 at least once by a liquid containing the elements that compose a pure metal or an alloy with which the small holes or recesses 3a in the substrate 5 are to be filled or covered, whereby the liquid wets the inner surfaces of said small holes or recesses 3a while, at the same time, said pure metal or said alloy is deposited on the surface of said substrate 5. The method is capable of filling small holes or covering small recesses in the surface of the substrate 5 with improved efficiency while, at the same time, it improves the heat resistance and materials stability of the part that contains the formed filling or covering layer.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention, for example, an insulating film is deposited on a silicon substrate, and a concave groove is formed in the insulating film in accordance with a predetermined wiring pattern. Titanium and palladium are deposited in sequence on the insulating film to form a titanium film and a palladium film, respectively. A silver film is formed on the palladium film by electroplating, and a groove-shaped silver wiring layer is formed by polishing. The resultant structure is annealed at a temperature of about 700.degree. C., and an intermetallic compound is formed by alloying the titanium film and palladium film with each other. Consequently, a burying type wiring layer whose resistance is lower than that of aluminum, is constituted by the silver wiring layer and intermetallic compound.

Abstract: A magnetic levitation conveyor apparatus has levitation electromagnets, linear motors, and displacement sensors which are disposed outside of a tunnel, and a carriage of simple structure which is movable in the tunnel. The carriage is of canned structure for preventing gases from being generated. The carriage of canned structure allows the tunnel to have a reduced cross-sectional area and to be filled with a highly purified atmosphere such as of a high vacuum. The tunnel has substantially orthogonal branches at a branched point. In the branched point, the carriage can move, while being lifted out of contact with the tunnel partition, with a directional change from a main conveyor passage into a branched conveyor passage. The magnetic levitation conveyor apparatus is highly practical as it can control the carriage to be lifted and moved as described above.

Abstract: A cleaning water production system in which pure water from a primary pure water production system is treated in a subsystem to produce ultrapure water, which is then sent to points of use through supply pipes, the point of use being connected to the subsystem through return pipes for returning unused cleaning water to the subsystem, wherein an extra-ultrapure water production system is provided at a distal end portion of the supply pipes near the point of use for supplying extra-ultrapure water to the points of use.