Abstract: A molten metal component estimation device including: an input device configured to receive measurement information about a refining facility including measurement results regarding an optical characteristic; a model database that stores model expressions and model parameters, regarding a blowing process reaction, including a model expression and model parameters representing a relation between the oxygen efficiency in decarburization and a carbon concentration in a molten metal in the refining facility; and a processor configured to: estimate component concentrations of the molten metal including the carbon concentration in the molten metal by using the measurement information, the model expressions and the model parameters; estimate the carbon concentration in the molten metal based on the measurement results; and determine the model expression and the model parameters to be used when estimating the component concentrations of the molten metal, based on the estimation result of the carbon concentration in t

Abstract: It is an object to provide a technique that can enhance data rewriting tolerance. An information processing apparatus includes a first nonvolatile memory and a second nonvolatile memory. The first nonvolatile memory stores first data. The second nonvolatile memory stores second data that is higher in update frequency than the first data. This allows the data rewriting tolerance in the device to be enhanced. For example, data of a dynamic map that is a dynamically changeable map can be applied to at least the second data among the first data and the second data.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a technique that can enhance data rewriting tolerance. An information processing apparatus includes a first nonvolatile memory and a second nonvolatile memory. The first nonvolatile memory stores first data. The second nonvolatile memory stores second data that is higher in update frequency than the first data. This allows the data rewriting tolerance in the device to be enhanced. For example, data of a dynamic map that is a dynamically changeable map can be applied to at least the second data among the first data and the second data.

Abstract: A surface coating film includes, a base material which is a hard material; and an oxidation-resistance coating layer containing, as a main component, a complex oxide of Li and at least Al and covering a surface of the base material. Further, a method of manufacturing a surface coated member, includes, supporting a base material which is a hard material in a hermetic container with the use of a holder arranged in the container; arranging a complex oxide forming target containing Li and at least Al, as main components, in the container; feeding oxygen into the container; and forming an oxidation-resistance coating layer that covers the base material to obtain the surface coated member by effecting electric discharge between the complex oxide forming target as an anode and the holder as a cathode.

Abstract: An ultra hard alloy is a hard material with a high degree of toughness. Small amounts of various materials are added to achieve these properties. One such material is vanadium carbide (VC). However, a crushed carbide raw material has a large grain size, meaning the properties of a product cannot be improved uniformly. Vanadium trioxide (V2O3) was substituted for a carbide as one of the structural raw materials for a material used in producing a tool such as a hob. Because vanadium trioxide is softer than vanadium carbide, it can be readily converted to fine grains in the ball mill mixing process performed during raw material preparation. As a result, the effects of the uniformly dispersed vanadium trioxide results in improved hardness for the sintered ultra hard alloy.

Abstract: Provided is a surface coating film having a high degree of hardness and an excellent oxidation-resistance, and a method of manufacturing thereof, a cutting tool and a cutting machine. In the surface coating film, an oxidation-resistance layer containing, as a main component, a complex oxide of Li and at least Al, is coated on the outer surface of a base material, direct thereonto or through the intermediary of a highly hard coating layer.

Abstract: A high wear resistant hard film is characterized by including a coating layer consisting of a metal nitride, which is formed on the outside surface of an object to be treated; a substrate layer consisting of a nitride of Ti or Cr, which is provided between the coating layer and the object to be treated; and an intermediate layer containing compositions of the coating layer in contact with the intermediate layer and the substrate layer, which is provided at an interface between the coating layer and the substrate layer, and a tool is provided with the film. There is provided a hard film having excellent oxidation resistance even 1000° C. or higher and also having very high wear resistance.

Abstract: A high wear resistant hard film is characterized by including a coating layer consisting of a metal nitride, which is formed on the outside surface of an object to be treated; a substrate layer consisting of a nitride of Ti or Cr, which is provided between the coating layer and the object to be treated; and an intermediate layer containing compositions of the coating layer in contact with the intermediate layer and the substrate layer, which is provided at an interface between the coating layer and the substrate layer, and a tool is provided with the film. There is provided a hard film having excellent oxidation resistance even 1000° C. or higher and also having very high wear resistance.

Abstract: A high wear resistant hard film is characterized by including a coating layer consisting of a metal nitride, which is formed on the outside surface of an object to be treated; a substrate layer consisting of a nitride of Ti or Cr, which is provided between the coating layer and the object to be treated; and an intermediate layer containing compositions of the coating layer in contact with the intermediate layer and the substrate layer, which is provided at an interface between the coating layer and the substrate layer, and a tool is provided with the film. There is provided a hard film having excellent oxidation resistance even at 1000° C. or higher and also having very high wear resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surface-coated article possessing a high hardness coating that has a Vickers hardness that is equal to or greater than that of conventional high hardness coatings, and which has an oxidation initiation temperature, which is an expression of resistance to oxidation, that is higher than that of conventional high hardness coatings. A coating layer containing a compound nitride that employs as main components Al and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, Pd, Ir and the rare earth elements is formed on or over a base material.

Abstract: A high wear resistant hard film is characterized by including a coating layer consisting of a metal nitride, which is formed on the outside surface of an object to be treated; a substrate layer consisting of a nitride of Ti or Cr, which is provided between the coating layer and the object to be treated; and an intermediate layer containing compositions of the coating layer in contact with the intermediate layer and the substrate layer, which is provided at an interface between the coating layer and the substrate layer, and a tool is provided with the film. There is provided a hard film having excellent oxidation resistance even at 1000° C. or higher and also having very high wear resistance.

Abstract: A colored composition for color filter contains a colorant carrier formed of a transparent resin, a precursor of a transparent resin or a mixture thereof, and a green colorant dispersed in the colorant carrier. The green colorant contains a first halogenated metallophthalocyanine pigment having copper as a central metal, and at least one second halogenated metallophthalocyanine pigment having, as a central metal, a metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Si, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge and Sn. The content of the second halogenated metallophthalocyanine pigment is within a range of 1 to 80 mol % based on a total amount of the green colorant. Also disclosed is a color filter including at least one red filter segment, at least one blue filter segment, and at least one green filter segment. At least one green filter segment is prepared from the above-mentioned colored composition.

Abstract: An error control apparatus includes: a deinterleaver for deinterleaving data of a predetermined number of bits coded by predetermined cyclic codes, which is to be interleaved in accordance with a predetermined interleaving order; a first cyclic code checking circuit for receiving an output of the deinterleaver and making a cyclic code check on the data of the predetermined number of bits by a check system corresponding to a coding system of the cyclic code; and a second cyclic code checking circuit for receiving an output of the deinterleaver and making a cyclic code check on the data of the predetermined number of bits by a check system corresponding to the coding system of the cyclic code simultaneously with the cyclic code check by the first cyclic code checking circuit in substantially the same time while canceling an interleave effect by the deinterleaver.

Abstract: A colored composition for color filter contains a colorant carrier formed of a transparent resin, a precursor of a transparent resin or a mixture thereof, and a green colorant dispersed in the colorant carrier. The green colorant contains a first halogenated metallophthalocyanine pigment having copper as a central metal, and at least one second halogenated metallophthalocyanine pigment having, as a central metal, a metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Si, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge and Sn. The content of the second halogenated metallophthalocyanine pigment is within a range of 1 to 80 mol % based on a total amount of the green colorant. Also disclosed is a color filter including at least one red filter segment, at least one blue filter segment, and at least one green filter segment. At least one green filter segment is prepared from the above-mentioned colored composition.

Abstract: An error control apparatus includes: a deinterleaver for deinterleaving data of a predetermined number of bits coded by predetermined cyclic codes, which is to be interleaved in accordance with a predetermined interleaving order; a first cyclic code checking circuit for receiving an output of the deinterleaver and making a cyclic code check on the data of the predetermined number of bits by a check system corresponding to a coding system of the cyclic code; and a second cyclic code checking circuit for receiving an output of the deinterleaver and making a cyclic code check on the data of the predetermined number of bits by a check system corresponding to the coding system of the cyclic code simultaneously with the cyclic code check by the first cyclic code checking circuit in substantially the same time while canceling an interleave effect by the deinterleaver.

Abstract: A line buffer device temporarily stores a predetermined area of original image data which are divided into small blocks, each having a small area, so as to encode the image data for each block into data having a fixed length by a compression processor. The line buffer device is composed of a first-stage line buffer group and a second-stage line buffer group. The number of line buffers in the first-stage line buffer group is smaller by one than the number of lines constituting one block and the number of line buffers in the second-stage line buffer group is the same as the number of lines constituting one block. Encoding processing time is shortened and the circuit structure is simplified.

Abstract: When encoding data received by a dividing circuit and to be included in a CRC code word, the data is divided by a generator polynomial and remainder data resulting from the division is output from a plurality of parallel data output terminals of the dividing circuit. The remainder data is added to a CRC intrinsic value and "0" information in the adder to produce a sum. The sum is a CRC code for a CRC code word to be transmitted. When detecting code errors, data from a CRC code word is received by the dividing circuit, where the data is divided by the generator polynomial, and remainder data resulting from the division is output from the respective parallel data output terminals. The remainder data is added to the CRC intrinsic value and CRC code in the adder to produce a sum, and the sum is processed by a logical sum circuit to produce a logical sum output as a CRC flag.

Abstract: A Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code word except a fixed pattern is provided to a code data input terminal of a division circuit in synchronization with a clock signal and divided at the division circuit, then, a remainder data of the division result is outputted from output terminals. The remainder data outputted from the output terminals is compared with a CRC inherent value at a comparison circuit, and a comparison result signal indicating whether the CRC code word includes errors is outputted. A temporary memory means takes in the comparison result signal in response to rise of a clock signal inputted into a clock signal input terminal, temporarily stores it, then output its storage contents as an error detecting signal via an output node.

Abstract: A line buffer device temporarily stores a predetermined area of original image data which are divided into small blocks, each having a small area, so as to encode the image data for each block into data having a fixed length by a compression processor. The line buffer device is composed of a first-stage line buffer group and a second-stage line buffer group. The number of line buffers in the first-stage line buffer group is smaller by one than the number of lines constituting one block and the number of line buffers in the second-stage line buffer group is the same as the number of lines constituting one block. Encoding processing time is shortened and the circuit structure is simplified.