Abstract: The present invention provides a method for quantifying the amount of nucleic acid existing in a specimen which comprises steps of:

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a reactive solid support having a porous substrate wherein the porous region has a fine pore diameter of about 2 nm to about 1000 nm, a porosity of about 10% to about 90% and a thickness of about 0.01 &mgr;m to about 70 &mgr;m, to the surface of which a group of vinyl sulfonyl groups or their reactive precursor groups are fixed by covalent bond via a linking group, respectively. According to the present invention, a probe of a nucleotide derivative or its analog nucleotide such as an oligonucleotide, a polynucleotide, or a peptide nucleic acid can be fixed in high density with high stability on the surface of a solid support having a porosity.

Abstract: A reactive solid carrier favorably employable for manufacturing DNA chip is composed of a solid carrier and a plurality of vinylsulfonyl groups or their reactive precursors each of which is fixed onto a surface of the solid carrier by covalent bonding via a linking group, and a method for producing a DNA chip is performed by bringing the reactive solid carrier into contact with nucleotide derivatives or their analogues having a reactive group which is reactive with the vinylsulfonyl group or reactive precursor fixed to the solid carrier.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a biological material chip in which at least one member of specific binding partners is bound and fixed to a reactive solid support which can achieve rapid and stable binding and fixing. The present invention provides a biological material chip wherein a group represented by following formula (I) which contains a residue of a member of specific binding partners is bound to a solid support.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescent substance which is represented by a formula: A-B-C

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to provide a reactive solid support capable of particularly advantageously being used for stably binding and fixing a previously prepared nucleotide derivative such as an oligonucleotide, a polynucleotide, or a peptide nucleic acid or their analogs in a high density state on the surface of the solid support. According to the present invention, there is provided a reactive solid support having convex and concave portions on its surface, to which a group of vinyl sulfonyl groups or their reactive precursor groups are fixed by covalent bond via a linking group, respectively.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for analyzing double stranded DNA directly without denaturation.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a sequence of a nucleic acid in a sample which is complementary to a base sequence of a probe nucleic acid which comprises a step of hybridizing the nucleic acid in the sample with the probe nucleic acid, wherein one or more types of bases of the nucleic acid in the sample and/or the probe nucleic acid are chemically modified in advance. According to the method of the present invention, for example, viruses causative of diseases, exogenous genetic substances such as bacteria, or the presence, mutation or expression state of genes carrying particular genetic information of organisms including human, can be detected efficiently.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a fluorescent nucleotide represented by the formula: A-B-C,

Abstract: A reactive solid carrier favorably employable for manufacturing DNA chip is composed of a solid carrier and a plurality of vinylsulfonyl groups or their reactive precursors each of which is fixed onto a surface of the solid carrier by covalent bonding via a linking group, and a method for producing a DNA chip is performed by bringing the reactive solid carrier into contact with nucleotide derivatives or their analogues having a reactive group which is reactive with the vinylsulfonyl group or reactive precursor fixed to the solid carrier.

Abstract: An automotive brake system comprises a sump fluidly disposed in a housing, constructing a brake unit, and in the middle of a suction circuit of a pressure apply device including at least a pressure apply pump. During vehicle dynamics control or during vehicle stability control, the pressure apply rapidly sucks the brake fluid stored in the sump and quickly performs a pressure apply action, irrespective of the distance between the brake unit and a brake-fluid source. This ensures a smooth brake-fluid supply to the suction circuit of a return pump returning the brake fluid from the wheel-brake cylinder to the brake circuit upstream of a fluid-pressure control valve unit.

Abstract: A dual-mode thickness-shear quartz pressure transducer includes a unitary piezoelectric crystal resonator and cylindrical housing structure wherein the resonator is located on a median radial plane of the housing and the exterior of the housing is provided with a pair of parallel flat surfaces which are located at an angle relative to the X" axis of the resonator. According to the presently preferred embodiment, the transducer is made from an SC-cut or a WAD-cut solid quartz crystal cylinder which is ultrasonically milled to form a plano-convex or bi-convex resonator disk in the medial radial plane of a hollow cylinder and the pair of exterior flats. The wall thickness of the cylinder is altered at the location of the flats such that stresses at the center of the resonator disk are anisotropic.

Abstract: Disclosed are chemical agents with unexpected activity to inhibit the interactions between human immunoglobulin E (IgE) and its receptor (Fc.epsilon.RI) which interactions are known to be involved in triggering allergic responses. The agents may be used to module the allergic response in the treatment of various clinical conditions, including rhinitis, asthma, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and anaphylacric shock. The agents can be formulated for oral, topical or parenteral administration.

Abstract: Disclosed are DNAs produced by recombinant techniques for inducing the expression and subsequent secretion of a target protein. The DNAs encode, in their 5' to 3' direction, a secretion cassette, including a signal sequence and an immunoglobulin Fc region, and a target protein. The DNAs can be transfected into a host cell for the expression, production and subsequent secretion of the target protein as a fusion protein. The secreted protein can be collected from the extracellular space, and further purified as desired. The secreted fusion protein additionally can be proteolytically cleaved to release the target protein from the secretion cassette.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element for immunoassay having at least one water-permeable layer for measuring a ligand in a sample according to enzyme immunoassay, which comprises,(A) a water-soluble macromolecular substrate, and(B) an enzyme conjugated with antibody reacting with the ligand in the sample capable to act on the above water-soluble macromolecular substrate. The above analytical element further comprises,(C) a macromolecular antigen which is a conjugate of the ligand or its derivative with a macromolecular compound in the above water-permeable layer of the above dry-type analytical element.The invention can conduct highly sensitive and simple enzyme immunoassay.

Abstract: An immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing a ligand by determining the change in enzymatic activity caused by a reaction between the ligand, a linked product of the ligand and a high molecular weight compound and an enzyme-labelled antibody. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the enzyme, and a reagent layer containing a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the non-difussible material. Also provided is a process for quantitatively analyzing a ligand contained in a sample by the use of the immunoassay element.

Abstract: Disclosed are DNAs produced by recombinant techniques for inducing the expression and subsequent secretion of a target protein. The DNAs encode, in their 5' to 3' direction, a secretion cassette, including a signal sequence and an immunoglobulin Fc region, and a target protein. The DNAs can be transfected into a host cell for the expression, production and subsequent secretion of the target protein as a fusion protein. The secreted protein can be collected from the extracellular space, and further purified as desired. The secreted fusion protein additionally can be proteolytically cleaved to release the target protein from the secretion cassette.

Abstract: A brake-fluid reflux type anti-skid brake control system for an automotive vehicle, comprises a main brake-fluid line fluidly disposed between a master cylinder and a wheel cylinder for supplying a brake fluid from the master cylinder to the wheel cylinder during usual braking, a brake-fluid reflux line arranged in parallel with the main line for returning the brake fluid from the wheel cylinder to the master cylinder side during operation of the system, directional control valves arranged for controlling the respective fluid flow in the main brake-fluid line and in the reflux line, depending upon a skidding condition of a vehicle wheel, and a plunger type control valve arranged between the outlet port of the master cylinder and an upstream junction of the main line and the reflux line.

Abstract: A method of preparing a dry-type analytical element for immunoassay having at least one water-permeable porous layer and containing a labeled antigen and an antibody to said labeled antigen and to an unlabeled antigen as the components participating in antigen-antibody reaction in said porous layer, which comprises applying or impregnating a first composition containing one of said labeled antigen and said antibody and thereafter applying or impregnating a second composition containing the other of said labeled antigen and said antibody dissolved or suspended in a solvent not dissolving substantially said labeled antigen or said antibody in the first composition onto said porous layer.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element for immunoassay utilizing antigen-antibody reaction in which the antigenic component is isolated from the antibody component by incorporating both components in separate layers or separately in a layer using different solvents. The analytical element is excellent in sensitivity and accuracy, and the analytical operation is simple.