Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly includes: a cathode that is arranged to be in contact with a reducible substance to be supplied as a raw material gas and reduces the reducible substance; an anode that is arranged to be in contact with an electrolytic solution containing an oxidizable substance and oxidizes the oxidizable substance; and a diaphragm separating the cathode and the anode. The anode includes a porous substrate having a first surface facing on the diaphragm and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and an oxidation catalyst on the porous substrate. An average surface roughness of the first surface is 0.1 ?m or more and 17.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly includes: a cathode that is arranged to be in contact with a reducible substance and reduces the reducible substance; an anode that is arranged to be in contact with an electrolytic solution containing an oxidizable substance and oxidizes the oxidizable substance; a diaphragm separating the cathode and the anode; and a layer that is provided between the anode and the diaphragm, has an inorganic material, and reduces a surface unevenness of the anode. An average pore size of the layer is smaller than an average pore size of the anode.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell includes: a cathode having a reduction catalyst that promotes a reduction reaction of reducing a reducible material to produce a reduction product, and the reducible material being carbon dioxide or nitrogen; an anode having an oxidation catalyst that promotes an oxidation reaction of oxidizing water to produce oxygen; a diaphragm provided between the cathode and the anode; a cathode flow path facing on the cathode and through which a gas of the reduction material flows; an anode flow path facing on the anode and through which an electrolytic solution containing the water flows; and a chemical species between the anode flow path and the diaphragm, the chemical species being configured to decompose, capture, or inactivate an active oxygen species.

Abstract: The electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrochemical reaction structure including a cathode, an anode, a diaphragm having a first surface on the cathode and a second surface on the anode, a cathode flow path, and an anode flow path; a first flow path through which a first fluid containing a reducible material to the cathode flow path flows; a second flow path through which a second fluid containing water to the anode flow path flows; a third flow path through which a third fluid containing the reduction product from the cathode flow path flows; and a fourth flow path through which a fourth fluid containing water and oxygen from the anode flow path flows. The diaphragm has concentration gradient in which a concentration of a chemical species decreases from the second surface to the first surface, the chemical species being configured to decompose, capture, or inactivate an active oxygen specie.

Abstract: A method of operating an electrochemical reaction device, includes controlling an electrolytic unit during each of a startup process, an operation process, and a shutdown process so that a first time-averaged pressure at a first position in the cathode space and closer to an inlet of a cathode space than an outlet of the cathode space is equal to or higher than a second time-averaged pressure at a second position in an anode space and opposite the first position with a diaphragm therebetween, and a third time-averaged pressure at a third position in the cathode space and closer to the outlet than the inlet is equal to or higher than a fourth time-averaged pressure at a fourth position in the anode space and opposite the third position with the diaphragm therebetween.

Abstract: The alkaline battery of the present invention includes, as power generation components, a positive electrode containing silver oxide as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, a separator, and an alkaline electrolyte solution. At least one of the power generation components contains tellurium or a compound of tellurium. The total content of tellurium element contained in components housed in the battery is 0.4 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of silver element in the positive electrode active material. The positive electrode is substantially free of cadmium.

Abstract: The flat-shaped battery of the present invention comprises a battery container provided with an outer can and a sealing plate, and a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte solution are enclosed in the battery container. The positive electrode is housed in the outer can, and a porous electrolyte solution absorber is inserted between the positive electrode and an inner bottom surface of the outer can. Also, the method for manufacturing a flat-shaped battery, including: disposing an electrolyte solution absorber on an inner bottom surface of the outer can; disposing the positive electrode on the electrolyte solution absorber; and injecting the electrolyte solution into the outer can after disposing the electrolyte solution absorber, before or after disposing the positive electrode. A porous body having a porosity of 40 to 90% is used as the electrolyte solution absorber.

Abstract: An array substrate includes a first TFT including: a first insulating film disposed on an upper side of an insulating substrate; a first semiconductor film made of LTPS; a second insulating film; a first gate electrode composed of a first conducting film overlapping the first semiconductor film; a third insulating film; a first source relay electrode and a first drain relay electrode each composed of a second conducting film free of copper and connected to the first semiconductor film through first contact holes; a fourth insulating film; and a first source electrode and a first drain electrode each composed of a third conducting film containing copper and respectively connected to the first source relay electrode and the first drain relay electrode through second contact holes.

Abstract: A medical image processing apparatus includes: a processor configured to display a reference image obtained by visualizing a reference plane on a display along with three end points contained in the reference plane, display a first image obtained by visualizing a first plane on the display simultaneously with the reference image, along with one or two end points contained in the first plane, display a second image obtained by visualizing a second plane on the display simultaneously with the reference image, along with one or two end points contained in the second plane, receive an input operation of moving at least one of the three end points via user interface, and update the reference plane by moving at least one of the three end points based on the input operation.

Abstract: The attitude of an excavating part during excavation is accurately measured. A measuring apparatus of the present invention executes an attitude estimating processing and a phase correction amount calculating processing. The phase correction amount calculating processing calculates an offset between a gravity tool face and a magnetic force tool face, and sets the calculated offset as an estimated offset. The attitude estimating processing sets the gravity tool face based on the acceleration data as a measured gravity tool face, the magnetic force tool face based on the magnetic field data as a measured magnetic force tool face, a difference between an offset between the measured gravity tool face and the measured magnetic force tool face and the estimated offset as a phase correction amount, and data obtained by correcting the magnetic field data with the phase correction amount as corrected magnetic field data, and determines the attitude based on the acceleration data and the corrected magnetic field data.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drive control method for a magnetically levitated blood pump, a drive control device for a magnetically levitated blood pump, and a magnetically levitated blood pump system for preventing a formation of thrombus in a housing, and also, for detecting a position of thrombus surely from a phase difference ?? between a phase of a waveform of an electromagnet current and a phase of a displacement of an impeller (phase of vibration waveform) without depending on a viscosity ? and a temperature of blood.

Abstract: Provided is a highly reliable button-shaped alkaline battery having excellent load characteristics. A button-shaped alkaline battery includes: a positive electrode having a positive electrode mixture layer containing a silver oxide and a conductive assistant; a negative electrode containing zinc particles; an alkaline electrolyte solution; and a battery container for accommodating the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the alkaline electrolyte solution, the battery container including an outer can, a sealing plate, and a resin gasket. The positive electrode mixture layer contains carbon black and graphite particles as the conductive assistant, and an amount of water in the battery container is 0.63 to 1 g per 1 g of the zinc particles of the negative electrode.

Abstract: There is provided a water-soluble additive composition including a cyclic carboxylic acid, the water-soluble additive composition satisfying at least one of the following Conditions 1 to 4: (Condition 1) component (A) the cyclic carboxylic acid, which is other than the following component (B1), and component (B1) one or more selected from the group consisting of gallic acid and an ester thereof are included; (Condition 2) the total content of Na+ and NH4+ is equal to or more than 100 ppm and equal to or less than 5000 ppm with respect to the cyclic carboxylic acid; (Condition 3) the total inorganic ion content (excluding hydrogen ions and hydroxyl group ions) is equal to or more than 300 ppm and equal to or less than 5000 ppm with respect to the cyclic carboxylic acid; and (Condition 4) component (A) the cyclic carboxylic acid, which is other than the following component (B2), and component (B2) an amino acid are included.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for producing a cyclic compound of the present invention includes a step of causing a decarboxylation reaction in a cyclic carboxylic acid compound by subjecting a starting material containing the cyclic carboxylic acid compound to a heat treatment of heating under a catalyst to obtain a cyclic compound, in which the catalyst includes zeolite formed of an aluminum/silicon-containing composite oxide, and in which the zeolite has an SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 7 to 500. In addition, another embodiment of the method for producing a cyclic compound of the present invention includes a step of causing a decarboxylation reaction in a cyclic carboxylic acid compound by subjecting a starting material containing the cyclic carboxylic acid compound to a heat treatment of heating in the presence of a non-solid acid to obtain a cyclic compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides either electrode material (A) or electrode material (B).

Abstract: Provided is a substance capable of effectively suppressing cancer metastasis or a pharmaceutical composition that effectively acts on an inflammatory disease. The pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical composition containing, as an active ingredient, an antibody or an antibody fragment thereof having antigen-binding activity for an S100A8/A9 heterodimer, and blocks interaction between S100A8/A9 and a group of receptors therefor, to thereby strongly suppress cancer metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, or alleviate inflammation. That is, the anti-S100A8/A9 antibody or the antibody fragment thereof can strongly suppress cancer metastasis or alleviate inflammation, by virtue of its blocking action on the interaction between S100A8/A9 and the group of receptors therefor.

Abstract: Provided is a substance capable of effectively suppressing cancer metastasis or a pharmaceutical composition that effectively acts on an inflammatory disease. The pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical composition containing, as an active ingredient, an antibody or an antibody fragment thereof having antigen-binding activity for an S100A8/A9 heterodimer, and blocks interaction between S100A8/A9 and a group of receptors therefor, to thereby strongly suppress cancer metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, or alleviate inflammation. That is, the anti-S100A8/A9 antibody or the antibody fragment thereof can strongly suppress cancer metastasis or alleviate inflammation, by virtue of its blocking action on the interaction between S100A8/A9 and the group of receptors therefor.

Abstract: The cell of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode includes a porous carbon sheet and a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material that is held in pores of the porous carbon sheet. It is preferable that the positive electrode active material layer covers the surface of the porous carbon sheet facing the separator, that a part of the positive electrode active material layer is held in the pores of the porous carbon sheet, and that the surface of the positive electrode active material layer facing the separator has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 10 ?m or less or a maximum height roughness (Rz) of 50 ?m or less.

Abstract: A recommendation device recommendation device acquires a moving route of the vehicle driven by a target user; specifies one or a plurality of driver assistance functions recommended to be used on the moving route and use recommended areas where the driver assistance functions are recommended to be used; evaluates a use record of the target user regarding the driver assistance functions specified; and outputs recommendation information for recommending: the driver assistance functions remaining after excluding the driver assistance functions for which an evaluation result of the use record of the target user corresponds to a prescribed condition from the driver assistance functions specified; and the respective use recommended areas of the driver assistance functions.

Abstract: A recommendation device is a device that recommends a driver assistance function available for a user who is driving a vehicle. The recommendation device includes: an information collection unit configured to collect information related to the use of the driver assistance function in a plurality of the vehicles; an aggregation unit configured to aggregate the information related to the use collected by the information collection unit; a prescribed area specification unit configured to specify, among areas where the driver assistance function is expected to be used, a prescribed area where an aggregation result acquired by the aggregation unit corresponds to a prescribed condition; and a recommendation unit configured to output recommendation information for recommending the prescribed area and the driver assistance function expected to be used in the prescribed area in an associated manner.