Abstract: A vehicle lamp for a vehicle includes a housing, and an optical system that is housed in the housing and generates image light. The housing includes a window in a partial area of a wall face of the housing. The optical system includes a lens group that generates the image light, an optical path bending mirror that bends an optical path of the generated image light, and a concave mirror that reflects the image light with the optical path bent and emits the image light to an external space from the window. In a state in which the vehicle lamp for a vehicle is installed on the vehicle, the concave mirror is disposed up to a position higher than the window.

Abstract: Provided are a method of producing a protein food material, the method including: kneading a protein-containing mixture containing a vegetable protein and water by pressurizing and heating the protein-containing mixture in an extrusion section of a twin screw extruder; and after kneading, extruding the kneaded protein-containing mixture while swelling the kneaded protein-containing mixture inside a discharge die mounted at a downstream end of the extrusion section in an extrusion direction, a protein food material, and a molded meat alternative.

Abstract: Provided are a method for producing a protein food material, including a step of pressurizing and heating a protein-containing mixture containing a vegetable protein and water in a biaxial extruder to knead the protein-containing mixture, and extruding the kneaded protein-containing mixture from a jetting die provided in the biaxial extruder, in which a temperature of the jetting die is 95° C. or higher and 120° C. or lower, and a length of the jetting die in an extrusion direction is 150 mm or more; and a protein food material.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp for a vehicle includes a housing, and an optical system that is housed in the housing and generates image light. The housing includes a window in a partial area of a wall face of the housing. The optical system includes a lens group that generates the image light, an optical path bending mirror that bends an optical path of the generated image light, and a concave mirror that reflects the image light with the optical path bent and emits the image light to an external space from the window. In a state in which the vehicle lamp for a vehicle is installed on the vehicle, the concave mirror is disposed up to a position higher than the window.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a freeze-drying container which includes a container body storing liquid to be freeze-dried and a first heat transfer body being in contact with the liquid to be freeze-dried and a cold source and in which the container body is a non-heat transfer body or a second heat transfer body of which at least a part is in contact with a liquid surface of the liquid to be freeze-dried and the cold source and at least one of a first shortest distance between an arbitrary point on the liquid surface of the liquid to be freeze-dried and the first heat transfer body or a second shortest distance in the liquid surface between the arbitrary point on the liquid surface of the liquid to be freeze-dried and the second heat transfer body is 20 mm or less.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided a chamber for transplantation, as a planar chamber for transplantation which has a structure in which membranes for immunoisolation face each other, and which is capable of stably enclosing a biological constituent, including a membrane for immunoisolation at a boundary between an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation, in which the membranes for immunoisolation which face each other have joint portions that are joined to each other, an interior space includes a point at a distance of 10 mm or longer from any position of the joint portion, and the membrane for immunoisolation has flexibility that allows a distance of 1 mm to 13 mm as the following distance: in a case where a portion of 10 mm from a side surface of one short side of a 10 mm×30 mm rectangular test piece of the membrane for immunoisolation is vertically sandwiched between flat plates, and the flat plates are placed horizontally, a distance between a horizontal plane includi

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided a chamber for transplantation, including a membrane for immunoisolation including a porous membrane at at least part of a boundary between an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation, in which the porous membrane contains a polymer and has a layered compact portion where a pore diameter is the smallest within the membrane, a pore diameter continuously increases in a thickness direction from the compact portion toward both one surface A and the other surface B of the porous membrane, a porosity in a vicinity of the surface A is 65% or more, an average pore diameter of the surface A is larger than an average pore diameter of the surface B, and the surface B is disposed on the inside of the chamber for transplantation; and a device for transplantation including the chamber for transplantation enclosing a biological constituent therein.

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp includes a shade that shields a part of light emitted from a light source. A predetermined end edge of the shade serves as a cut line forming portion that forms a cut line of a light distribution pattern and the shade is provided with a dimming portion positioned behind the cut line forming portion. The cut line forming portion and the dimming portion form a low-brightness portion having a lower brightness than that of other portions in a part of the light distribution pattern. A portion of the shade including the cut line forming portion is provided as a flat plate-shaped functional surface portion and at least the functional surface portion is tilted backward and downward.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided a chamber for transplantation, as a planar chamber for transplantation which has a structure in which membranes for immunoisolation face each other, and which is capable of stably enclosing a biological constituent, including a membrane for immunoisolation at a boundary between an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation, in which the membranes for immunoisolation which face each other have joint portions that are joined to each other, an interior space includes a point at a distance of 10 mm or longer from any position of the joint portion, and the membrane for immunoisolation has flexibility that allows a distance of 1 mm to 13 mm as the following distance: in a case where a portion of 10 mm from a side surface of one short side of a 10 mm×30 mm rectangular test piece of the membrane for immunoisolation is vertically sandwiched between flat plates, and the flat plates are placed horizontally, a distance between a horizontal plane includi

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp includes a shade that shields a part of light emitted from a light source. A predetermined end edge of the shade serves as a cut line forming portion that forms a cut line of a light distribution pattern and the shade is provided with a dimming portion positioned behind the cut line forming portion. The cut line forming portion and the dimming portion form a low-brightness portion having a lower brightness than that of other portions in a part of the light distribution pattern. A portion of the shade including the cut line forming portion is provided as a flat plate-shaped functional surface portion and at least the functional surface portion is tilted backward and downward.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided a chamber for transplantation which has a high durability, and in which an enclosed biological constituent can be maintained for a long period of time because an interior space thereof is efficiently secured; and a method for manufacturing the chamber for transplantation. The chamber for transplantation includes one or more membranes for immunoisolation at a boundary between an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation, in which all of the membranes for immunoisolation include a porous membrane containing a polymer, and a joint portion at which the porous membranes are directly fusion welded to each other is provided.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided a chamber for transplantation, as a planar chamber for transplantation which has a structure in which membranes for immunoisolation face each other, and which is capable of stably enclosing a biological constituent, including a membrane for immunoisolation at a boundary between an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation, in which the membranes for immunoisolation which face each other have joint portions that are joined to each other, an interior space includes a point at a distance of 10 mm or longer from any position of the joint portion, and the membrane for immunoisolation has flexibility that allows a distance of 1 mm to 13 mm as the following distance: in a case where a portion of 10 mm from a side surface of one short side of a 10 mm×30 mm rectangular test piece of the membrane for immunoisolation is vertically sandwiched between flat plates, and the flat plates are placed horizontally, a distance between a horizontal plane includi

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cell transplant device having an ability to induce angiogenesis around the cell transplant device, and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, a cell transplant device including a cell structure (A) that includes a plurality of biocompatible polymer blocks and a plurality of cells of at least one type, and in which at least one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is disposed in gaps between the plurality of cells; and an immunoisolation membrane (B) that encloses the cell structure is provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composition containing at least microcapsules and cell structures, where the composition can exhibit a high treatment effect in a case of being transplanted into a living body. There is provided a composition including at least (a) a microcapsule containing a polymer hydrogel; and (b) a cell structure containing a biocompatible polymer block and a cell, in which a plurality of biocompatible polymer blocks are arranged in gaps between a plurality of cells, where at least a part of the cell structures are encapsulated in the microcapsules.

Abstract: There is provided a production method for a microcapsule in which cells are encapsulated with alginic acid and a polycation, the method including dropwise adding a cell suspension containing cells and alginic acid into a calcium ion-containing solution to obtain a liquid droplet in which the cells are encapsulated in alginic acid, and immersing the liquid droplet in a coating liquid containing a polycation, to obtain the microcapsule, where the coating liquid contains a calcium ion or a barium ion at a concentration of 0.1 mM or more and 50.0 mM or less. According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to produce a microcapsule having a uniform shape and particle size.

Abstract: Provided are a gas separation membrane which has a resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond, in which the resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond satisfies Expressions 1 and 2, and at least one of gas permeability or gas separation selectivity is high under high pressure; a method of producing a gas separation membrane; a gas separation membrane module; and a gas separator. 0.9?A/B?0.63??Expression 1 B?1.7??Expression 2 In the expressions, A represents an O/Si ratio that is a ratio of the number of oxygen atoms relative to the number of silicon atoms contained in the resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond at a depth of 10 nm from the surface of the resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond, and B represents an O/Si ratio that is a ratio of the number of oxygen atoms relative to the number of silicon atoms in the surface of the resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided a membrane for immunoisolation, including: a porous membrane that contains a polymer, in which the porous membrane includes a layered compact portion where a pore diameter is the smallest within the membrane, and a pore diameter continuously increases in a thickness direction from the compact portion toward at least one surface of the porous membrane; a chamber for transplantation for enclosing a biological constituent therein, including the above-described membrane for immunoisolation on at least a part of a surface forming an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation; and a device for transplantation, including the above-described chamber for transplantation enclosing the biological constituent therein. In the membrane for immunoisolation of the present invention which can be manufactured at low costs, a deterioration in substance permeability is unlikely to occur.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a membrane for immunoisolation, including a porous membrane that contains a polymer, in which Formulas (I) and (II) are satisfied for at least one surface of the porous membrane, B/A?0.7 (I) and A?0.015 (II) (in the formula, A represents a ratio of an N element to a C element on a surface of the membrane, and B represents a ratio of the N element to the C element at a depth of 30 nm from the surface of the membrane); a chamber for transplantation for enclosing a biological constituent therein, including the above-described membrane for immunoisolation on at least a part of a surface forming an inside and an outside of the chamber for transplantation; and a device for transplantation includes the above-described chamber for transplantation enclosing the above-described biological constituent therein. The membrane for immunoisolation of the present invention has a high bioaffinity.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane, the gas separation membrane module, and the gas separation device each have a support, a resin layer, a separation layer, and a protective layer in this order, in which the resin layer includes a compound having a siloxane bond, the protective layer is in direct contact with the separation layer, a composition of the protective layer is different from a composition of the resin layer, the composition of the protective layer is different from a composition of the separation layer, and the separation layer has a maximum value of a silicon atom content of 2 atomic % or less in a composition of a half area on a side of the protective layer in a thickness direction.

Abstract: A protective-layer-covered gas separation membrane has a gas separation membrane that satisfies specific conditions such as having a resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond, a protective layer located on the resin layer containing a compound having a siloxane bond of the gas separation membrane, and a porous layer on the protective layer. The protective-layer-covered gas separation membrane is produced. A gas separation membrane module and a gas separation apparatus have the protective-layer-covered gas separation membrane.