Abstract: A flow control system include a congestion detecting section and control section. The congestion detecting section detects congestion in a packet switching network. The control section is arranged in a transmitting node. When the congestion detecting section detects congestion, the control section calculates a new transmission packet rate. When the new transmission packet rate is smaller than a current transmission packet rate, the control section changes the current transmission packet rate to the new transmission packet rate after transmission of data to be transmitted to a receiving node. A flow control method is also disclosed.

Abstract: In the decoder of binary arithmetic code of the present invention, the decoding and reverse binarization of arithmetic code are separated and a large intermediate buffer is interposed. The decoding of arithmetic code is first carried out at the time of input of a stream, whereby the arithmetic code can be decoded at the maximum input bit rate of the decoder. The obtained binary symbol string is first held in the intermediate buffer, following which the reverse binarization from the binary symbol string to multivalued symbols is carried out matched to the processing of the block decoder of the next stage.

Abstract: In a data transmission apparatus which performs a bit rate control in accordance with a state of a network, whether a bit rate is changed is determined based on a predetermined probability. By determining a probability value which is used to change a bit rate of each terminal in such a manner that a value obtained by averaging bit rates of all terminals in a communication system becomes a desired bit rate, a control with less fluctuations in bit rate is possible in each terminal, and the quality of real-time communication of, e.g., sounds/image can be improved. Further, the fairness with other control systems such as TCP can be realized.

Abstract: A flow control system include a congestion detecting section and control section. The congestion detecting section detects congestion in a packet switching network. The control section is arranged in a transmitting node. When the congestion detecting section detects congestion, the control section calculates a new transmission packet rate. When the new transmission packet rate is smaller than a current transmission packet rate, the control section changes the current transmission packet rate to the new transmission packet rate after transmission of data to be transmitted to a receiving node. A flow control method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A multiplex data transmission system for transmitting N coded programs having differing bandwidth requirements over M separate channels. The N programs are separately encoded and allocated to the M channels in such a manner that optimum use is made of the available bandwidth in the channels. This is achieved by summing the bandwidth requirements for all the possible distinct combinations of the N programs taken M at a time, and selecting the combination which most closely matches the bandwidth capabilities of the available channels. A multiplexing device generates M separate coded data strings corresponding to the program allocation. At the receiver, a decoder is provided which selectively recovers a user-designated one of the N programs.

Abstract: Blocks of each of successive frames of a motion picture signal are classified into classified blocks in accordance either with selected schemes for use in adaptive prediction encoding the signal or with whether the selected schemes are restricted or not. On encoding each classified block, a quantization parameter is decided based on an amount of codes produced per classified block. The codes are stored in a buffer, and delivered outwardly of the buffer at a predetermined code rate while the remaining codes are reserved in the buffer. The quantization parameter is also based on an initial amount of the reserved codes kept in the buffer at a beginning of each frame, a code amount characteristic value, and an amount of codes assigned to each classified block. The code amount characteristic value is calculated by a product of the quantization parameter and the amount of codes produced.

Abstract: In a moving picture coding device including a memory for storing a referenced picture, a motion vector search device comprises a primary predictive evaluation section and a subsidiary predictive evaluation section. Supplied with an input picture and connected to the memory, the primary predictive evaluation section carries out a primary motion vector search by generating primary predicted pictures using the input picture and the referenced picture to produce primary prediction error evaluated values. Connected to the primary predictive evaluation section, the subsidiary predictive evaluation section carries out a subsidiary motion vector search to estimate at least one subsidiary prediction error evaluated value using the primary prediction error evaluated values. The subsidiary predictive evaluation section therefore carries out the subsidiary motion vector search without generation of subsidiary predicted pictures.

Abstract: Blocks of each of successive frames of a motion picture signal are classified into classified blocks in accordance either with selected schemes for use in adaptive prediction encoding the signal or with whether the selected schemes are restricted or not. On encoding each classified block, a quantization parameter is decided based on an amount of codes produced per classified block. The codes are stored in a buffer, and delivered outwardly of the buffer at a predetermined code rate while the remaining codes are reserved in the buffer. The quantization parameter is also based on an initial amount of the reserved codes kept in the buffer at a beginning of each frame, a code amount characteristic value, and an amount of codes assigned to each classified block. The code amount characteristic value is calculated by a product of the quantization parameter and the amount of codes produced.