Abstract: Extruded polymer foams are prepared using brominated fatty acids, an ester, amide or ester-amide of a brominated fatty acid, a glyceride of one or more brominated fatty acids, or a polymerized brominated fatty acid as an FR additive. The brominated FR additives unexpectedly are stable at the extrusion temperatures, and provide excellent flame retardancy to the foams.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate with a high equivalent weight polyol. At least a portion of the high equivalent weight polyol is a polyester containing hydroxymethyl groups. The polyester is prepared in a multi-step process from animal or vegetable fats, by recovering the constitutent fatty acids, hydroformylating carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acids and reducing to form hydroxymethyl groups, and then forming a polyester by reaction with an initiator compound.

Abstract: An aldehyde composition derived by hydroformylation of a transesterified seed oil and containing a mixture of formyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters having the following composition by weight: greater than about 10 to less than about 95 percent monoformyl, greater than about 1 to less than about 65 percent diformyl, and greater than about 0.1 to less than about 10 percent triformyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters, and having a diformyl to triformyl weight ratio of greater than about 5/1; preferably, greater than about 3 to less than about 20 percent saturates; and preferably, greater than about 1 to less than about 20 percent unsaturates.

Abstract: Extruded polymer foams are prepared using brominated fatty acids, an ester, amide or ester-amide of a brominated fatty acid, a glyceride of one or more brominated fatty acids, or a polymerized brominated fatty acid as an FR additive. The brominated FR additives unexpectedly are stable at the extrusion temperatures, and provide excellent flame retardancy to the foams.

Abstract: Improved protection systems for CIGS-based microelectronic devices of the type incorporating electric conductor(s) such as an electronic collection grid. In one aspect, the present invention relates to a photovoltaic device having a light incident surface and a backside surface. The device includes a chalcogenide-containing photovoltaic layer comprising at least one of copper, indium and/or gallium. A transparent conductive layer is interposed between the photovoltaic layer and the light incident surface, wherein the transparent conductive layer is electrically coupled to the photovoltaic layer. An electronic collection grid is electrically coupled to the transparent conductive layer and overlying at least a portion of the transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: Polyols useful in the manufacture of polyurethanes are disclosed. The polyols are prepared by reacting a vegetable oil based (hydroxymethyl containing) monomer with a polyol, polyamine or aminoalcohol under vacuum.

Abstract: Effect separation of a composition of matter that includes at least two seed or plant oil derivatives into at least one desired product stream using at least two separation operations, which are independently selected from among several potential separation operations, in conjunction with at least one recycle stream from a separation operation.

Abstract: An aldehyde composition derived by hydroformylation of a transesterified seed oil and containing a mixture of formyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters having the following composition by weight: greater than about 10 to less than about 95 percent monoformyl, greater than about 1 to less than about 65 percent diformyl, and greater than about 0.1 to less than about 10 percent triformyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters, and having a diformyl to triformyl weight ratio of greater than about 5/1; preferably, greater than about 3 to less than about 20 percent saturates; and preferably, greater than about 1 to less than about 20 percent unsaturates.

Abstract: Monovinylidene aromatic polymers, e.g., general purpose polystyrene or high impact polystyrene, are plasticized with a nonfunctionalized, nonmineral oil, e.g., a vegetable oil such as canola oil, cottonseed oil or the like. The mixture of monovinylidene aromatic polymer and oil is typically and preferably free of any significant amount of functionalized nonmineral oil, and it typically contains at least 0.1 weight percent of the nonfunctionalized, nonmineral oil, alone or in combination with a mineral oil, based on the weight of the polymer. The nonmineral oil has an iodine value of less than 120, and a hydroxyl number of less than 20.

Abstract: A prepolymer or elastomer is the reaction product of reactants (a) at least one polyester polyol or fatty acid derived polyol which is the reaction product of at least one initiator and a mixture of fatty acids or derivatives of fatty acids comprising at least about 45 weight percent monounsaturated fatty acids or derivatives thereof, (b) optionally, at least one polyol which is different from the polyol of (a); and (c) at least one isocyanate compound (herein after isocyanate) having an average of at least about 1.8 isocyanate groups per molecule. A process comprises admixing reactants (a) at least one polyol composition comprising the fatty acid derived polyol which is the reaction product of at least one initiator and a mixture of fatty acids or derivatives of fatty acids comprising at least about any of 45 weight percent monounsaturated fatty acids or derivatives thereof; and (b) at least one isocyanate having an average functionality of at least about 1.

Abstract: A polyester polyol, referred to hereinafter as a MHMS polyol comprises fatty acid based mer units wherein at least about 80 weight percent of the fatty acid based mer units are from methyl 9 (10) hydroxymethylstearate, or is prepared from an oil having fatty acids or fatty acid esters which are at least about 80 weight percent oleic acid or esters thereof and which has an average hydroxyl functionality of from 1.5 to 4. A reaction product, referred to herein after as MHMS alkoxysilane prepolymer, is produced from at least one such MHMS polyol and at least one isocyanate functional silane. The prepolymer is moisture cured to form a silylated MHMS polymer.

Abstract: Copolyesters containing secondary hydroxyl groups are useful polyols for manufacturing polyurethanes. These can be prepared by reacting a secondary hydroxyl-containing fatty acid or ester thereof with an initiator containing hydroxyl and/or primary or secondary amino groups. A copolyester of particular interest includes a poly(ethylene oxide) segment derived from a poly(ethylene oxide) initiator.

Abstract: Integrated processes of preparing industrial chemicals starting from seed oil feedstock compositions containing one or more unsaturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acid esters, which are essentially free of metathesis catalyst poisons, particularly hydroperoxides; metathesis of the feedstock composition with a lower olefin, such as ethylene, to form a reduced chain olefin, preferably, a reduced chain ?-olefin, and a reduced chain unsaturated acid or ester, preferably, a reduced chain ?,?-unsaturated acid or ester. The reduced chain unsaturated acid or ester may be (trans)esterified to form a polyester polyolefin, which may be epoxidized to form a polyester polyepoxide. The reduced chain unsaturated acid or ester may be hydroformylated with reduction to produce an ?,?-hydroxy acid or ?,?-hydroxy ester, which may be (trans)esterified with a polyol to form an ?,?-polyester polyol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyester polyol lubricant compositions, some of which are capped, that include two or more chemically linked ester moieties, at least one of which derives from a seed or vegetable oil, and their preparation. The compositions have a pour point temperature of ?10° centigrade or less without a pour point depressant and a viscosity at 25° centigrade within a range of 40 centipoises (0.04 pascal second) to 2000 centipoises (2 pascal seconds) when they either lack an initiator moiety or include an initiator moiety other than a dendritic initiator moiety, and a pour point temperature of ?5° centigrade or less without a pour point depressant and a viscosity at 25° centigrade within a range of 40 centipoises (0.04 pascal second) to 8000 centipoises (8 pascal seconds) when they include a dendritic initiator moiety. The present invention also relates to a process for removing at least a portion of saturates from said compositions.

Abstract: An aldehyde composition containing a mixture of mono-formyl-, diformyl-, and triformyl-substituted fatty acids and/or fatty acid esters having a di-aldehyde/tri-aldehyde weight ratio of less than 5/1 and an average functionality number from greater than 0.96 to less than 1.26. A monomer alcohol composition containing a mixture of mono-hydroxymethyl-, dihydroxymethyl-, and trihydroxymethyl-substituted fatty acids and/or fatty acid esters having a diol/triol weight ratio of less than 5/1 and an average functionality number from greater than 0.90 to less than 1.20. The monomer alcohol can be converted into an oligomeric polyol for use in the manufacture of polyurethane flexible foams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new reactive monomer compositions that have a plurality of reactive, functional moieties, such as one or both of a hydroxyl moiety or a carboxylic acid moiety. The present invention also further relates to use of such reactive monomer compositions as a component of curable coating compositions, especially curable powder coating compositions.

Abstract: Polyurethanes, and rigid polyurethane foams in particular, are made using certain amides of modified fatty acids. The fatty acid groups are substituted hydroxymethyl, N-hydroxyalkyl aminoalkyl or hydroxy-substituted ester groups. The amide portion of the molecule contains hydroxyalkyl or other hydroxyl-substituted organic groups bonded to the amide nitrogen.

Abstract: An aldehyde composition derived by hydroformylation of a transesterified seed oil and containing a mixture of formyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters having the following composition by weight: greater than about 10 to less than about 95 percent monoformyl, greater than about 1 to less than about 65 percent diformyl, and greater than about 0.1 to less than about 10 percent triformyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters, and having a diformyl to triformyl weight ratio of greater than about 5/1; preferably, greater than about 3 to less than about 20 percent saturates; and preferably, greater than about 1 to less than about 20 percent unsaturates.

Abstract: Copolyesters containing secondary hydroxyl groups are useful polyols for manufacturing polyurethanes. These can be prepared by reacting a secondary hydroxyl-containing fatty acid or ester thereof with an initiator containing hydroxyl and/or primary or secondary amino groups. A copolyester of particular interest includes a poly(ethylene oxide) segment derived from a poly(ethylene oxide) initiator.

Abstract: Integrated processes of preparing industrial chemicals starting from seed oil feedstock compositions containing one or more unsaturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acid esters, which are essentially free of metathesis catalyst poisons, particularly hydroperoxides; metathesis of the feedstock composition with a lower olefin, such as ethylene, to form a reduced chain olefin, preferably, a reduced chain ?-olefin, and a reduced chain unsaturated acid or ester, preferably, a reduced chain ?,?-unsaturated acid or ester. The reduced chain unsaturated acid or ester may be (trans)esterified to form a polyester polyolefin, which may be epoxidized to form a polyester polyepoxide. The reduced chain unsaturated acid or ester may be hydroformylated with reduction to produce an ?,?-hydroxy acid or ?,?-hydroxy ester, which may be (trans)esterified with a polyol to form an ?,?polyester polyol.