Abstract: The unsaturation of a hydroxyl-containing compound can be reduced by reaction with a nitrile oxide compound such as tetramethyl terephthalonitrile, N,N'-dioxide. The reaction of a nitrile oxide with terminal unsaturation associated with the preparation of a polyol from propylene oxide reduces the monol content of the polyol composition.

Abstract: A suitably functionalized cycloaliphatic nitrile oxide can be used to convert unsaturated sites to alcohol or epoxy sites. The cycloaliphatic nitrile oxide may be useful in applications such as the preparation of polycarbonates, polyurethanes, or crosslinked polybutadiene, or poly(styrene-butadiene). The cycloaliphatic nitrile oxide is represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R' and each R are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, or halo; X and X' are independently hydrogen, halo, hydroxyl, or together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form an epoxy group, with the proviso that at least one of X and X' is not hydrogen; and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: 2-(aryl)-benz(ox, thi, imid)azoles are prepared by reacting an aromatic aldehyde with hydroxylamine to form an aromatic aldehyde oxime, halogenating the oxime to form an aromatic hydroxamoyl halide, and then reacting this halide with certain aromatic amine compounds. The products may be nitrated and then reduced to form the corresponding diamines, which are useful in making PIBX polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of cleaving arylethers such as arylethers represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ; each A is independently NO.sub.2, hydroxy, halo, or methoxy; n is an integer from 0 to 5; and x is 1 or 2, comprising contacting the arylether with an amide hydrohalide salt under conditions sufficient to cleave the ether group(s) of the arylether and form a phenol or substituted phenol. The present invention also relates to a method of preparing 4,6-diaminoresorcinol, which is a monomer used for making polybenzoxazoles (PBO).

Abstract: A method of producing 4,6-diaminoresorcinol comprisinga) reducing a dinitroarylether of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, cycloalkyl or CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, R' is hydrogen or CH.sub.2 --R, each A is independently Cl, Br, or I, and n is 0, 1 or 2; to form a diaminoarylether, andb) cleaving the ether group(s) from the diaminoarylether under conditions such that 4,6-diaminoresorcinol is formed as a salt or other stabilized form thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing 4,6-diaminoresorcinol from 1,2-dichloro-3,5-dinitrobenzene comprising the steps of:(a) contacting 1,2-dichloro-3,5-dinitrobenzene with a hydroperoxide in the presence of anhydrous base to form 2,3-dichloro-4,6-dinitrophenol;(b) contacting 2,3-dichloro-4,6-dinitrophenol with a hydroxy-containing compound to form 2-chloro-4,6-dinitroresorcinol; and(c) converting 2-chloro-4,6-dinitroresorcinol to 4,6-diaminoresorcinol, which is isolated as a salt or other stabilized form thereof,

Abstract: 4,6-Dinitroresorcinol is prepared by reacting resorcinol with concentrated nitric acid that is substantially free of suboxides of nitric acid. It has been found that greater than 60 percent yields of the desired product can be obtained when the concentration of aqueous nitric acid used is between about 80 and about 93 weight percent, and the concentration of suboxides is less than about 2 weight percent based on the weight of nitric acid.

Abstract: Polybenzazole polymers may contain perfluorocyclobutane rings to provide a flexible moiety which is stable at high temperatures.

Abstract: AB-polybenzoxazole monomer, such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, can be synthesized in high yields from a hydroxy-benzoic acid or related compound in a three-step process of (1) nitration, (2) hydrolysis of the ester, and (3) reduction of the nitro moiety. The monomer is conveniently recovered as a phosphate salt in high purity by precipitating and recrystallizing from a phosphoric acid solution. The monomer may be polymerized in high concentrations in polyphosphoric acid containing high levels of P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to yield a high molecular weight polymer without dehydrohalogenation.

Abstract: Polybenzoxazole polymers can be synthesized from BB-monomer having pendant methyl groups. The resulting polymer has pendant methyl groups, which can be used to cross-link the polymers.

Abstract: Polybenzazole polymers are conveniently synthesized in the presence of a reducing agent, such as tin (II) chloride.

Abstract: PBZ polymers are synthesized by the reaction of AA- and BB-monomers. The BB-monomer is conveniently synthesized and isolated as a phosphate salt having a uniform number of phosphate ions associated with each BB-monomer ion. Such high purity monophosphate and diphosphate salts can be obtained by precipitating the monomer from an aqueous acid solution by adjusting the pH balance or from a mixture of phosphoric acid and a volatile, polar, saturated organic liquid at a relatively low temperature.

Abstract: High purity amino-para-arenediols such as 2-nitro-1,4-benzenediol are prepared by (a) contacting a para-bis(alkylcarbonato)arene with a nitrating agent under reaction conditions such that a para-bis(alkylcarbonato)nitroarene is formed, (b) contacting the para-bis(alkylcarbonato)nitroarene with a hydrolyzing agent under conditions such that a nitro-para-arenediol is produced, and (c) contacting the nitro-para-arenediol with a reducing agent under conditions such that an amino-para-arenediol is produced. Of the amino-para-arenediols, 2-amino-1,4-benzenediol is particularly useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polybenzoxazoles.

Abstract: Polybenzazole polymers contain perfluorocyclobutane rings to provide a flexible moiety which is stable at high temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses non-phase-separated thermoplastic block copolymers containing rigid rod PBZ blocks and thermoplastic PBZ blocks; dopes and compositions containing those block copolymers; a process for making shaped articles from thermoplastic block copolymers containing rigid rod PBZ blocks and thermoplastic PBZ blocks; and shaped articles made by that process.

Abstract: AB-polybenzoxazole monomer, such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, can be synthesized in high yields from a hydroxy-benzoic acid or related compound in a three-step process of (1) nitration, (2) hydrolysis of the ester, and (3) reduction of the nitro moiety. The monomer is conveniently recovered as a phosphate salt in high purity by precipitating and recrystallizing from a phosphoric acid solution.

Abstract: Polybenzoxazole polymers can be synthesized from BB-monomer having pendant methyl groups. The resulting polymer has pendant methyl groups, which can be used to cross-link the polymers.

Abstract: High purity amino-1,3-benzenediols are prepared by (a) contacting a 1,3-bis(alkylcarbonato)benzene with a nitrating agent under reaction conditions such that a 1,3-bis(alkylcarbonato)nitrobenzene is formed, (b) contacting the 1,3-bis(alkylcarbonato)nitrobenzene with a hydrolyzing agent under conditions such that a nitro-1,3-benzenediol is produced, and (c) contacting the nitro-1,3-benzenediol with a reducing agent under conditions such that an amino-1,3-benzenediol is produced. Of the amino-1,3-benzenediols, 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzenediol is particularly useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polybenzoxazoles.

Abstract: AB-polybenzoxazole monomer, such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, can be synthesized in high yields from a hydroxy-benzoic acid or related compound in a three-step process of (1) nitration, (2) hydrolysis of the ester, and (3) reduction of the nitro moiety. The monomer is conveniently recovered as a phosphate salt in high purity by precipitating and recrystallizing from a phosphoric acid solution.

Abstract: High purity 4,6-dinitro-1,3-benzenediol is prepared by (a) contacting a 1,2,3-trihalobenzene with a nitrating agent and an acid under reaction conditions such that a 1,2,3-trihalo-4,6-dinitrobenzene is produced, (b) contacting the 1,2,3-trihalo-4,6-dinitrobenzene prepared in (a) with an alkanol and a base under reaction conditions such that as 4,6-dinitro-2-halo-1,3-benzendiol is produced, and (c) contacting the 4,6-dinitro-2-halo-1,3-benzenediol prepared in (b) with a hydrogenating agent in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst under reaction conditions such that a 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzendiol is produced. This 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzene diol is useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polybenzoxazoles.