Abstract: Solid oxide electrochemical devices, methods for making the electrochemical devices, and methods of using the electrochemical devices are provided. The electrochemical devices comprise a plurality of stacked functional layers that are formed by a combination of three-dimensional (3D) extrusion printing and two-dimensional (2D) casting techniques.

Abstract: A six degree of freedom laser simultaneous measurement system, wherein a laser emitting unit is separated from a fixed sensor head; the laser emitting unit is connected with the fixed sensor head by a single polarization maintaining fiber; a moving unit comprising the reflector and the beam splitter is mounted on the linear guide; utilizing of the single polarization maintaining fiber, which connects the laser emitting unit with the fixed sensor head, reduces the influence of heat generated by laser source on the measurement accuracy, and makes the system more compact and integrated. The six degree of freedom errors, including position error, horizontal and vertical straightness errors, pitch, raw and roll, can be measured simultaneously by only one incident light. The non-cable connection on the moving unit makes long-distance and in-situ measurement possible.

Abstract: A six degree of freedom laser simultaneous measurement system, wherein a laser emitting unit is separated from a fixed sensor head; the laser emitting unit is connected with the fixed sensor head by a single polarization maintaining fiber; a moving unit comprising the reflector and the beam splitter is mounted on the linear guide; utilizing of the single polarization maintaining fiber, which connects the laser emitting unit with the fixed sensor head, reduces the influence of heat generated by laser source on the measurement accuracy, and makes the system more compact and integrated. The six degree of freedom errors, including position error, horizontal and vertical straightness errors, pitch, raw and roll, can be measured simultaneously by only one incident light. The non-cable connection on the moving unit makes long-distance and in-situ measurement possible.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a cloud system configuration method which can simplify and reduce manual manipulations involved in building of a private cloud. The method comprises: collecting dynamic information of a server in a cloud system by an automatic configuration module installed in the server, upon the cloud system has been built and the server is powered up for the first time, wherein the dynamic information includes at least an Internet protocol IP address of the server, and the cloud system includes M servers and N switches, M, N being positive integers; configuring, by the automatic configuration module, the server according to the dynamic information, so that the server implements corresponding functions according to the configuration. The present disclosure also discloses another cloud system configuration method, a server in the cloud system and an apparatus for configuring the cloud system.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for a low temperature operating solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are provided. The SOFC includes a Sr0.8La0.2TiO3 (SLT) support layer, a (La0.9Sr0.1)0.98(Ga0.8Mg0.2)O3-? (LSGM) electrolyte layer and?a cathode layer disposed on top of said electrolyte layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for characterization of bacterial skin microbiota to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating skin conditions. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to characterization of bacterial skin microbiota associated with psoriasis and related diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating psoriasis. These methods will be useful for detecting, diagnosing, and monitoring individuals who have or are at risk of certain skin conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for characterization of bacterial skin microbiota to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating skin conditions. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to characterization of bacterial skin microbiota associated with psoriasis and related diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating psoriasis. These methods will be useful for detecting, diagnosing, and monitoring individuals who have or are at risk of certain skin conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for characterization of bacterial skin microbiota to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating skin conditions. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to characterization of bacterial skin microbiota associated with psoriasis and related diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating psoriasis. These methods will be useful for detecting, diagnosing, and monitoring individuals who have or are at risk of certain skin conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for characterization of bacterial skin microbiota to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating skin conditions. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to characterization of bacterial skin microbiota associated with psoriasis and related diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for alleviating psoriasis. These methods will be useful for detecting, diagnosing, and monitoring individuals who have or are at risk of certain skin conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a planar optical circuit having a waveguide structure and at least one monolithic or hybrid integrated optical component. A mechanism for influencing the propagation of scattered light in the planar optical circuit in a targeted manner is employed and integrated into the planar optical circuit. The disadvantageous effects of scattered light are reduced in that scattered light is captured, absorbed, reflected or concentrated onto a narrow region by means of the integrated structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light circuit waveguide crossing with a first integrated optical waveguide and a second integrated optical waveguide, which cross one another. According to the invention, at least one waveguide has a reduced cross-sectional area in the crossing region and/or at least one waveguide is routed locally at an increased crossing angle relative to the other waveguide in the crossing region. This makes it possible to reduce the signal losses occurring in a waveguide crossing and a crosstalk even at relatively small crossing angles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light circuit waveguide crossing with a first integrated optical waveguide and a second integrated optical waveguide, which cross one another. According to the invention, at least one waveguide has a reduced cross-sectional area in the crossing region and/or at least one waveguide is routed locally at an increased crossing angle relative to the other waveguide in the crossing region. This makes it possible to reduce the signal losses occurring in a waveguide crossing and a crosstalk even at relatively small crossing angles.

Abstract: An optical signal alternately traverses a total of n couplers and n−1 DGD units, arranged therebetween, with a differential group delay between two signal modes. The power division between the two signal modes is measured in each DGD unit in a power division controller, and a signal that is proportional to the difference between the powers in the two signal modes is obtained. The signal is led to an integrating controller whose control signal is led to a differential phase shifter that is accommodated in the DGD unit present upstream in the beam path. The difference between the powers of the two signal modes is thereby brought to zero at least approximately. This has the consequence that it is essentially only the chromatic dispersion that is generated or equalized, but no other disturbing distortions of the optical signal are produced.

Abstract: A configuration for multiplexing and/or demultiplexing the signals of at least two optical wavelength channels, is described. Provided in this case is a grating device having an optical grating, a first optical free beam region and a second optical free beam region. Accordingly, radiation is coupled into and out of the first free beam region via a coupling device which effects a flattening and/or widening of the field distribution of the light coupled in or out, at least in the plane of the first free beam region. This permits a transmission characteristic of the configuration to be flattened.

Abstract: The invention relates to a planar optical circuit having a waveguide structure and at least one monolithic or hybrid integrated optical component. A mechanism for influencing the propagation of scattered light in the planar optical circuit in a targeted manner is employed and integrated into the planar optical circuit. The disadvantageous effects of scattered light are reduced in that scattered light is captured, absorbed, reflected or concentrated onto a narrow region by means of the integrated structures.

Abstract: An optical configuration includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a directional coupler. Both the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the directional coupler have a first arm and a second arm. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the directional coupler share a common arm. A transceiving module for bidirectional optical data transmission, in particular for WDM systems with at least three wavelengths, includes two separate detection devices, an input/output optical waveguide, and an optical configuration as described above. The input/output optical waveguide receives and emits signals. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer separates signals of two wavelengths and feeds them to the separate detection devices.

Abstract: Novel phenyl-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines, prepared by reacting halogenophenyl-aldehydes with &bgr;-ketoesters, if appropriate with isolation of the ylidene compounds and enamines. The substances can be employed as active compounds in medicaments, in particular in cerebrally active compositions.

Abstract: An optical signal alternately traverses a total of n couplers and n−1 DGD units, arranged therebetween, with a differential group delay between two signal modes. The power division between the two signal modes is measured in each DGD unit in a power division controller, and a signal that is proportional to the difference between the powers in the two signal modes is obtained. The signal is led to an integrating controller whose control signal is led to a differential phase shifter that is accommodated in the DGD unit present upstream in the beam path. The difference between the powers of the two signal modes is thereby brought to zero at least approximately. This has the consequence that it is essentially only the chromatic dispersion that is generated or equalized, but no other disturbing distortions of the optical signal are produced.

Abstract: An optical configuration includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a directional coupler. Both the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the directional coupler have a first arm and a second arm. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the directional coupler share a common arm.

Abstract: A configuration for multiplexing and/or demultiplexing the signals of at least two optical wavelength channels, is described. Provided in this case is a grating device having an optical grating, a first optical free beam region and a second optical free beam region. Accordingly, radiation is coupled into and out of the first free beam region via a coupling device which effects a flattening and/or widening of the field distribution of the light coupled in or out, at least in the plane of the first free beam region. This permits a transmission characteristic of the configuration to be flattened.