Abstract: A lens unit and a projection screen made of the same are disclosed. The lens unit includes a micro lens having a light incident surface and a light emergent surface opposing to the light incident surface; a light absorbing layer formed on the light emergent surface of the micro lens and having a cavity formed therein; a scattering layer formed in the cavity of the light absorbing layer and including a transparent resin blended with scattering particles; and a reflective layer formed on the light absorbing layer and the scattering layer. The projection screen includes a plurality of the lens units, thereby achieving high contrast and high energy utilization efficiency of incident light with a large viewing angle.

Abstract: A WDM optical transmit-receive device comprises an optical transceiver assembly and an optical receiver assembly. The optical transceiver assembly includes a first optical platform, a first optical filter, a first photodetector and a laser diode, where the first optical platform has a first surface and a first groove recessed from the first surface, the first optical filter is inserted into the first groove, the first photodetector and the laser diode are mounted adjacent to the first optical filter.

Abstract: A system and method for treating and/or preventing is described for treating periodic breathing characterized by cyclical hyperventilation and hypoventilation, examples of which include Cheyne-Stokes respiration and central sleep apnea. The system could also be used in the treatment of other conditions involving an impairment of respiratory drive.

Abstract: An inspiratory muscle stimulation system uses an implantable medical device to deliver stimulation to control diaphragmatic contractions for slower and deeper breathing, thereby conditioning and strengthening inspiratory muscles. In various embodiments, respiratory and/or cardiac performance are monitored for controlling parameters of the stimulation.

Abstract: A micro optical head is provided, which provides sub-wavelength focusing spot and very long depth of focus. The optical head includes a transparent substrate, an opaque film, and at least one sub-wavelength annular channel. After coherent light transmits the transparent substrate supporting the optical head and passes through the appropriately designed sub-wavelength annular channel, the transmitted light can overcome the diffraction limit, and the transmission energy is improved efficiently. The transmitted light converges after a certain distance behind the optical head and forms a sub-wavelength-scale beam that maintains a very long distance without divergence.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improve the image quality of an output image in the size reduction procedure of the resolution conversion process. The apparatus comprises a resolution conversation (RC) unit for down-sizing an original image to a target size image, a RC process controller for controlling an operation of the RC unit so as to repeat a prescribed resolution conversion process twice or more, and a memory for storing an intermediate size image.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical head with a single or multiple sub-wavelength light beams, which can be used in arenas such as photolithography, optical storage, optical microscopy, to name a few. The present invention includes a transparent substrate, a thin film, and a surface structure with sub-wavelength surface profile. The incident light transmits through the transparent substrate, forms a surface plasma wave along the sub-wavelength aperture located within the thin film, and finally re-emits through spatial coupling with the sub-wavelength profile of the surface structure. As the coupled re-emitting light beam or light beams can maintain the waist less than that of the diffraction limit for a few micrometers out of the surface with sub-wavelength profile in many cases, this invention can have applications ranging from micro or nano manufacturing, metrology, and manipulation by using light beams with waist smaller than the diffraction limit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical head with a single or multiple sub-wavelength light beams, which can be used in arenas such as photolithography, optical storage, optical microscopy, to name a few. The present invention includes a transparent substrate, a thin film, and a surface structure with sub-wavelength surface profile. The incident light transmits through the transparent substrate, forms a surface plasma wave along the sub-wavelength aperture located within the thin film, and finally re-emits through spatial coupling with the sub-wavelength profile of the surface structure. As the coupled re-emitting light beam or light beams can maintain the waist less than that of the diffraction limit for a few micrometers out of the surface with sub-wavelength profile in many cases, this invention can have applications ranging from micro or nano manufacturing, metrology, and manipulation by using light beams with waist smaller than the diffraction limit.

Abstract: Systems and methods are directed to evaluating breathing disorders, such as periodic disordered breathing. A signal representative of patient respiration is developed, typically patient-internally. An envelope of the signal is provided. Periodicity of the envelope is detected, and presence and severity of periodic disordered breathing is determined based on the periodicity of the envelope.

Abstract: Crystal housing apparatus for adjustably positioning cooperating non-linear optical crystals in a laser beam generating system, includes a housing (50) with entry (60) and exit (62) windows for respective laser beams, respective holder means (72, 74, 76) to retain respective crystals within the housing in optical alignment with the windows, and means (86) mounting the respective holder means for individual fine rotational adjustment of the crystals about respective axes. Individual temperature control elements (120) are mounted in association with the respective holder means for controlling the temperature of the respective crystals and means (110, 114) is provided for effecting the fine rotational adjustment of the crystals.

Abstract: Apparatus and Method for Producing Thumbnail Images and for Improving Image Quality of Re-Sized Images are disclosed providing a method that can improve the image quality of an output image in the size reduction procedure of the resolution conversion process. The apparatus including a resolution conversation (RC) unit 103 for down-sizing an original image 10 to a target size image 20, a RC process controller 1051 for controlling an operation of the RC unit 103 so as to repeat a prescribed resolution conversion process twice or more, and a memory 110 for storing an intermediate size image 30.

Abstract: Linearly polarised laser pulses are variable attenuated by rotating a plate (20) with respect to the optical axis (10). A second plate (21) may be arranged in a symmetrical manner to compensate for offset of the pulse from the optical axis (10). A feedback system may be used to control the orientation of the plates (20, 21) to achieve the desired intensity. The plates (20, 21) may comprise uncoated glass substrate, and are suitable for attenuating high energy pulses such as those used in eye surgery.

Abstract: A beamsplitter (16) splits a source beam (14) into a sample path (17) and a reference path (19). The reflected beams recombine to form an interference signal (100). Reference surface (20) is horizontaly suspended on a loudspeaker membrane (30), and moved via a voice coil attached to the membrane (30). this arrangement isolates the reference surface (20) from external vibrations. The surface profile of the sample (18a) is analysed via the interference fringes, which are determined by computing maxima or minima in the statistical variance of digital data representing the interference signal (100). The apparatus may be used for calibrating laser ablation procedures in eye surgery.