Abstract: Described herein is a method of preparing an ionic liquid comprising a nitrogen or phosphorus cation and a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imidate (FSI) counter anion; the method comprising contacting a precursor selected from the group consisting of a tertiary amine, a tertiary phosphine, and an aromatic nitrogen heterocycle, with an alkyl bis(fluorosulfonyl)imidate in an aprotic solvent to alkylate the nitrogen or phosphorus of the precursor, and directly form a nitrogen or phosphorus cation with an FSI counter anion.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a compound that is an isatin derivative. The electrochemical device may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, or a redox flow battery, and the isatin derivative may be a bipolar redox active material.

Abstract: A battery includes a cathode including a cathode active material, an anode comprising lithium, and an electrolyte including an aprotic solvent, a lithium salt, and a compound or mixture of two or more different compounds each containing at least one epi-sulfide group.

Abstract: The ionic liquids disclosed herein are salts comprising a nitrogen or phosphorus such as a quaternary ammonium ion, a quaternary phosphonium ion, or an N-alkylated nitrogen heterocycle, and which include at least one functional substituent, e.g., a fluoro, cyano, carbonate ester, an alkenyl group, or an alkynyl group bonded to a carbon atom the cation. In a preferred embodiment, the cation is represented by the structure of Formula (I) as described herein.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an electrolyte having a hydroxamate or N-hydroxyamide compound.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an electrolyte having a hydroxamate or N-hydroxyamide compound.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a compound that is an isatin derivative. The electrochemical device may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, or a redox flow battery, and the isatin derivative may be a bipolar redox active material.

Abstract: A composition includes a silicon nanoparticle having surface-attached groups, and the silicon nanoparticle is represented by the formula: [Si]-[linker]-[terminal group]. In the formula [Si] represents the surface of the silicon nanoparticle; [terminal group] is a moiety that is configured for further reaction or is compatible with the electrolyte; and [linker] is a group linking the surface of the silicon nanoparticle to the [terminal group].

Abstract: Lithium tetrafluoro(malonato)phosphate compounds are useful as additives in lithium ion battery applications. The compounds are represented by Formula (I): MPF4[—O(C?O)—(CX?X?)—(C?O)O—]; wherein M is Li or Na; each X? and X? independently is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, fluoro-substituted alkyl, and F; or wherein the X? and X? together are —CR2—(CR?2)m—CR?2—; each R, R? and R? independently is selected from the group consisting of H methyl, trifluoromethyl, and F; and in is 0 or 1. These compounds can be prepared in high purity and a high yield by reaction of a metal hexafluorophosphate with a bis-silyl malonate compound. A similar oxalato compound, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate), can be made in the same manner, but using a bis-silyl oxalate in place of the bis-silyl malonate. Advantageously, the compounds can be formed, in situ, in a LiPF6-containing electrolyte solution.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: An electrolyte for use in a lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery includes a salt such as a lithium salt, a sodium salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; and a solvent that includes a compound represented as Formula I, II, or a mixture of any two or more thereof: wherein: R1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted polyether; R2 is F, a fluoroalkyl, fluorocycloalkyl; R3 is F, a fluoroalkyl, fluorocycloalkyl; and R4 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted polyether; and R5 is a fluoroalkyl or fluorocycloalkyl.

Abstract: Described herein are isosorbide-based electrolytes that are inexpensive, commercially available, green, and safe electrolytes. These electrolytes include a lithium salt, a solvent represented as a compound of Formula I, and optionally, a diluent. Such electrolytes have greatly enhanced cycle and calendar life when used with Si anodes, and exhibit very low leakage currents when compared to standard carbonate-based electrolytes.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to battery cells, and more particularly, electrolyte additives for use in lithium ion battery cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an artificial intelligence (AI)-based automatic generation method for an urban road network. According to the method, an anchor point distribution model is constructed by means of machine learning. Anchor points are distributed within a planning range where a boundary is a secondary trunk road. A road center line layout scheme set is generated by means of rectangular expansion. A feasible scheme set is screened out based on a rule base translated from specifications related to urban planning road, a road network scheme set is further automatically generated, and finally, a scheme is outputted to a two-dimensional interaction display device for simulated display. The present invention realizes a road network design by using a combination of machine learning and rules of the urban planning field. The present invention provides a simple and efficient automatic generation method for an urban road network.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a compound that is an isatin derivative. The electrochemical device may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, or a redox flow battery, and the isatin derivative may be a bipolar redox active material.