Abstract: Disclosed are solar cells and methods for making solar cells. An example solar cell may include an electron conductor layer. The solar cell may also include a hole conductor layer. An insulating layer may be disposed between the electron conductor layer and the hole conductor layer. The insulating layer may have a plurality of pores. Absorber material may be disposed at least partially within at least some of the plurality of pores.

Abstract: A solar cell may including a quantum dot, an electron conductor and a bridge molecule disposed between the quantum dot and the electron conductor. The bridge molecule may include a quantum dot anchor that bonds to the quantum dot and an electron conductor anchor that bonds to the electron conductor. The quantum dot anchor may be an electron-rich anchor group that includes a Group 5A element. The solar cell may also include a hole conductor that is configured to reduce the quantum dot once the quantum dot absorbs a photon and ejects an electron through the bridge molecule and into the electron conductor.

Abstract: A solar cell including a quantum dot, an electron conductor, and a rigid bridge molecule disposed between the quantum dot and the electron conductor. The rigid bridge molecule may include a first anchor group that bonds to the quantum dot and a second anchor group that bonds to the electron conductor. The solar cell may include a hole conductor that is configured to reduce the quantum dot once the quantum dot absorbs a photon and ejects an electron through the rigid bridge molecule and into the electron conductor.

Abstract: A solar cell including a quantum dot, an electron conductor, and a conjugated bridge molecule disposed between the quantum dot and the electron conductor. The conjugated bridge molecule may include a quantum dot anchor that bonds to the quantum dot and an electron conductor anchor that bonds to the electron conductor. In some instances, the quantum dot anchor and/or the electron conductor anchor may independently include two anchoring moieties that can form ring structures with the quantum dot and/or the electron conductor. The solar cell may further include a hole conductor that is configured to reduce the quantum dot once the quantum dot absorbs a photon and ejects an electron through the conjugated bridge molecule and into the electron conductor.

Abstract: A field-emission-based flat light source includes the following: a light-permeable substrate; a plurality of line-shaped cathodes; an anode; a light-reflecting layer; and a fluorescent layer. The light-permeable substrate has a surface, and the line-shaped cathodes, with a plurality of carbon nanotubes formed and/or deposited thereon, are located on the surface of the light-permeable substrate. The anode faces the cathodes and is spaced from the cathodes to form a vacuum chamber. The light-reflecting layer is formed on the anode and faces the cathode. The fluorescent layer is formed on the light-reflecting layer.

Abstract: A field-emission-based flat light source includes a light-permeable substrate, a transparent electrically conductive cathode, an electron emitter, an anode layer, a light-reflecting layer, a fluorescent layer. The light-permeable substrate has a surface. The transparent electrically conductive cathode layer is disposed on the surface of the light-permeable substrate. The electron emitter is disposed on the transparent electrically conductive cathode layer. The anode layer faces and is spaced from the transparent electrically conductive cathode layer. A vacuum chamber is formed between the anode layer and the transparent electrically conductive cathode layer. The light-reflecting layer is formed on the anode layer, and faces the transparent electrically conductive cathode layer. The fluorescent layer is formed on the light-reflecting layer.

Abstract: A field emission cathode includes a substrate, a metal electrode, an aluminum transition layer, and a carbon nanotube array. The metal electrode is disposed upon the substrate. The aluminum transition layer is disposed upon the metal electrode. The carbon nanotube array is disposed upon the aluminum transition layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer Ethernet card used for a passive optical fiber access network and its data transmission terminals. A hardware network system that is based on a PON system optical network unit and is coupled to a computer via PCI interfaces is disposed. The hardware network system includes an optical network unit and its peripheral circuits, an end of which is coupled to an access optical fiber via an optical fiber transceiver, and the other end of which is coupled to computer PCI interfaces via a giga-Ethernet MAC controller. The present invention provides a network card based on passive optical network, which utilizes the technology of passive optical network when accessing to an upper layer server, lengthens the access distance, and reduces the structure complexity and cost of FTTD.

Abstract: A connecting element for connecting a first wall element and a second wall element, which is adjacent thereto, but spaced therefrom by a gap, of an elevator cage, includes a first plate element with a first edge region for resting on a first wall surface of the first wall element, a second edge region for resting on a second wall surface of the second wall element and a first middle region which connects these two edge regions and covers the gap. A second plate element is provided and has a third edge region for resting on a third wall surface of the first wall element, a fourth edge region for resting on a fourth wall surface of the second wall element and a second middle region connecting these two edge regions and covering the gap. The first plate element is connected with the second plate element to be movable relative thereto in a first direction.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) generally includes the steps of: providing a substrate having an upper portion comprised of indium tin oxide; forming an aluminum layer on the upper portion of the substrate; forming a catalyst layer on the aluminum layer to obtain a treated substrate; annealing the treated substrate so as to transform the catalyst layer into a plurality of oxidized catalyst particles on the substrate; and growing a plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes on the treated substrate using a chemical vapor deposition process.

Abstract: An exemplary carbon nanotube field emission device includes a cathode, at least one carbon nanotube emitter formed on the cathode, an anode facing the cathode, at least one gate electrode arranged between the cathode and the anode, at least one spacer arranged between the gate electrode and the cathode, and an electrically insulating layer formed on an underside surface of the gate electrode. The at least one spacer defines at least one cavity therein with the at least one carbon nanotube emitter being received in the at least one cavity. The electrically insulating layer is configured for preventing the underside surface of the gate electrode from being exposed to the cavity. A method for manufacturing a carbon nanotube field emission device is included.

Abstract: Methods of routing data within a wireless communication system are provided. In the example methods and system, data packets may be routed to and/or between any node within a Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET), such as a network running Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol, and an external connection or device (e.g., an Internet entity) if at least one node within the MANET includes a connection to the external connection or device. Accordingly, a single “connected” MANET node may share its external connections with non-connected nodes.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a cathode assembly of a field emission display, includes the steps of: providing a substrate (110) with a cathode (113) formed thereon; forming an electrically insulating layer (120), a gate electrode layer (130) and a photoresist layer (140) on a cathode in series; defining at least one opening (141) in the photoresist layer using a photolithographic process; etching the gate electrode layer through the at least one opening so as to form at least one gate electrode opening (131) in the gate electrode layer; etching the electrically insulating layer to define at least one cavity (121) in the electrically insulating layer; pressing the photoresist layer in a manner such that a size of the at least one opening is reduced; depositing a catalyst layer (170) in the at least one cavity through the at least one opening; and growing carbon nanotubes (180) on the catalyst layer.

Abstract: A billiard table is enhanced by inserting an additional wood layer between the slate and the frame. Preferably, the additional wood layer is cut into two halves and placed on top of the frame such that there is space between the half boards. Slots are cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half boards to match the position studs on the interior beams. The angular table legs are enhanced by having the side boards of the legs cut at 45 degree angle at the connecting surface and creating a duct perpendicular to the connecting surface with a strip of wood glued into the duct running along the length of the leg. The table legs are further enhanced by inserting a strip of wood at the interior corner of the leg, forming a triangle with the two adjacent side boards. This invention reduces the overall cost of production.

Abstract: A method of sending data from a source node in a wireless communications network is provided. In an example, the method includes selecting one of a plurality of available routing paths, from the source node to a destination node, on which to send data based on routing criteria specified by the source node.

Abstract: Methods of detecting one or more nucleic acids from whole blood or plasma are provided. The nucleic acids are captured on a solid support and detected. Compositions, kits, and systems related to the methods are also described.

Abstract: This utility model introduces a new kind of terminal which is comprised of three parts. The upper part is for display and operation, the middle part is for support and the lower part is for movement and support. It is characterized in its structure of board of all the mentioned three parts with supporting wheels in the lower part. The mentioned upper part is installed with flat displayer and touch screen, while the mentioned middle part is installed with the mainframe of the computer and the mentioned lower part is installed with power source. This practical and new terminal features good flexibility and can be used as the management terminal of industrial production workshop.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided which allows a user to navigate through channels with programs that share related attribute information, such as a common category. The channels can include at least one broadcast channel that presents programs at scheduled times, and at least one on-demand channel that presents programs for viewing at user-specified times.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube, having at least one twisted baffle therein, each of said twisted baffles extends in the inside of the heat exchanger tube along the axis thereof, said twisted baffles extends as long as at least a part of the entire length of said heat exchanger tube, and said twisted baffles are integrated with the inner surface of said heat exchanger tube. The twisted angle of said twisted baffles is between 100° to 360°. The ratio between the axial length of said heat exchanger tube with the twisted angle 180° of said twisted baffles and the internal diameter of said heat exchanger tube is 2 to 3. The thickness of said twisted baffles is approximated to that of said heat exchanger tube; in every cross section of said heat exchanger tube, the transition zone from the surface of said twisted baffles to the surface of said heat exchanger tube, and vice versa, is in the shape of a concave circular arc.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube, having at least one twisted baffle therein, each of said twisted baffles extends in the inside of the heat exchanger tube along the axis thereof, said twisted baffles extends as long as at least a part of the entire length of said heat exchanger tube, and said twisted baffles are integrated with the inner surface of said heat exchanger tube. The twisted angle of said twisted baffles is between 100° to 360°. The ratio between the axial length of said heat exchanger tube with the twisted angle 180° of said twisted baffles and the internal diameter of said heat exchanger tube is 2 to 3. The thickness of said twisted baffles is approximated to that of said heat exchanger tube; in every cross section of said heat exchanger tube, the transition zone from the surface of said twisted baffles to the surface of said heat exchanger tube, and vice versa, is in the shape of a concave circular arc.