Abstract: A system for modeling a basket of securities containing a plurality of securities is provided and includes a default/recovery model database for storing default/recovery data regarding the plurality of securities. Also included is a default simulation engine for calculating a default time for at least one of the plurality of securities based on the default/recovery data. Finally, a cash flow engine is included for generating cash flows for the basket of securities based on the default times.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for operating on data to value an instrument include representing an account include accessing a transition matrix including probabilities for a borrower transitioning from one credit rating to another; determining for each credit rating whether a borrower will stand or exercise a loan option; valuing the loan option; and determining a present value of the instrument.

Abstract: In a method for end-to-end link detection, a link state of a first network device is bound to a reliability detection mechanism session established between the first network device and a second network device, and the first network device detects the link state of the first network device and notifies the second network device of the link state of the first network device through the reliability detection mechanism session. In a method for policy routing switching, the second network device records received link state information of the first network device, configures a relation between a policy routing and a link. The second network device determines a link corresponding to a selected policy routing, and switches a policy routing according to the state of the link. Apparatuses corresponding to the methods also provided. The methods and apparatuses can implement the end-to-end link detection, and initiate switching in time.

Abstract: A method for implementing the ringback tone (RBT) service based on the next generation network (NGN) includes: an application server (AS) receives from a softswitch (SX) a call request initiated by a ring-to-me subscriber, which carries a ring-to-me access code; the AS obtains the ring-to-me tone ID from the RBT platform according to the ring-to-me access code and instructs a media resource server (MRS) to play the tone indicated by the ring-to-me tone ID to the calling party. Various embodiments disclose a system, an AS and an MRS for implementing RBT based on NGN. The present disclosure enables a calling party to listen to a ring-to-me tone while the called party is alerted and further, it enables the calling party to choose to listen to a ring-to-me tone or a ring-to-you tone according to the calling party's precedence setting.

Abstract: A system, a method for call processing and a device are provided. The device includes an IMSI and multiple MSISDN, wherein the multiple MSISDN includes a main-number and a sub-number, the sub-number is corresponding to an incoming call answering policy and an outgoing call number policy, and the device is capable of receiving an incoming call message carrying the sub-number and processing the incoming call message according to the incoming call policy corresponding to the sub-number and capable of configuring an outgoing call message according to the outgoing call number policy corresponding to the sub-number and sending the outgoing call message to a communication network.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for operating on data to value an instrument include representing an account include accessing a transition matrix including probabilities for a borrower transitioning from one credit rating to another; determining for each credit rating whether a borrower will stand or exercise a loan option; valuing the loan option; and determining a present value of the instrument.

Abstract: A system for modeling a basket of securities containing a plurality of securities is provided and includes a default/recovery model database for storing default/recovery data regarding the plurality of securities. Also included is a default simulation engine for calculating a default time for at least one of the plurality of securities based on the default/recovery data. Finally, a cash flow engine is included for generating cash flows for the basket of securities based on the default times.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for searching information by means of dialog with user in all kinds of search engines. The user can do search by using natural language and the search engine can guide him to what he wants through dialog. The method comprises the steps of: receiving user's natural sentence for inquiring; searching nodes to find the node matching with the user's natural sentence; responding to user's natural sentence with the dialogs of said node, wherein the dialogs illustrate implicitly or explicitly the classification principle of the documents of said node; and, repeating the above steps, narrowing the search range gradually to attain the target node or determine there is not said node by means of dialogs with the user.