Abstract: Lithium-ion battery cells and a lithium-ion utilizing capacitor cells are placed spaced-apart in a common container and infiltrated with a common lithium-ion transporting, liquid electrolyte. The lithium-ion-utilizing capacitor and lithium-ion cell battery are combined such that their respective electrodes may be electrically connected, either in series or parallel connection for energy storage and management in an automotive vehicle or other electrical power supply application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of single-mode optical fibers and discloses a bending-insensitive, radiation-resistant single-mode optical fiber, sequentially including from inside to outside: a core, inner claddings, and an outer cladding, all made from a quartz material. The inner claddings comprise, from inside to outside, a first fluorine-doped inner cladding and a second fluorine-doped inner cladding. The core and the first fluorine-doped inner cladding are not doped with germanium. The respective concentrations of other metal impurities and phosphorus are less than 0.1 ppm. By mass percent, the core has a fluorine dopant content of 0-0.45% and a chlorine content of 0.01-0.10%; the first fluorine-doped inner cladding has a fluorine concentration of 1.00-1.55%; and the second fluorine-doped inner cladding has a fluorine concentration of 3.03-5.00%.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrochemical device that may include a stack having at least one electrochemical cell having a first electrode, a second electrode, a porous separator, and an electrolyte liquid disposed in the porous separator and optionally disposed in the first electrode, the second electrode, or both the first electrode and the second electrode. The stack has a first volume of electrolyte liquid. The electrochemical device also has an integrated storage region that stores a second volume of electrolyte liquid and is in fluid communication with the plurality of electrochemical cells and is configured to transfer the electrolyte liquid into the plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein the second volume of electrolyte liquid is at least about 3% of the first volume. Methods of increasing lifetime of the electrochemical device are also provided.

Abstract: A battery and supercapacitor system of a vehicle includes a lithium ion battery (LIB) having first and second electrodes, and a supercapacitor having third and fourth electrodes. A first reference electrode is disposed between the first and second electrodes and is configured to measure a first potential at a location between the first and second electrodes. A second reference electrode is disposed between the third and fourth electrodes and is configured to measure a second potential at a location between the third and fourth electrodes. The first electrode may be connected to the third electrode, and the second electrode may be connected to the fourth electrode. The first and second reference electrodes may not be connected to any of the first, second, third, or fourth electrodes.

Abstract: A battery and supercapacitor system of a vehicle includes a lithium ion battery (LIB) disposed within a housing. The LIB includes: an electrolyte including lithium; and first and second electrodes disposed in the electrolyte. A supercapacitor is disposed within the housing and includes: the electrolyte; and third and fourth electrodes disposed in the electrolyte.

Abstract: Some lithium-ion batteries are assembled using a plurality of electrically interconnected battery pouches to obtain the electrical potential and power requirements of the battery application. Such battery pouches may be prepared to contain a stacked grouping, or a wound grouping, of inter-layered and interconnected anodes, cathodes, and separators, each wetted with a liquid electrolyte. A reference electrode, an optional auxiliary reference electrode, and adjacent enclosing modified working electrodes are combined in a specific arrangement and inserted within the stack structure, or the wound structure, of other cell members to enable accurate assessment of both anode group and cathode group performance, and to validate and regenerate reference electrode capability.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells that cycle lithium ions and methods for suppressing or minimizing dendrite formation are provided. The electrochemical cells include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator sandwiched therebetween. The positive and negative electrodes and separator may each include an electrolyte system comprising one or more lithium salts, one or more solvents, and one or more complexing agents. The one or more complexing agents binds to metal contaminants found within the electrochemical cell to form metal ion complex compounds that minimize or suppress formation of dendrite protrusions on the negative electrode at least by increasing the horizontal area (e.g., decreasing the height) of any dendrite formation.

Abstract: A method of making a patterned electrode material is provided. The method includes disposing a first mask having a first pattern on a first surface of an electrode material, disposing a second mask having a second pattern on an opposing second surface of the electrode material, applying pressure through both the first mask and the second mask towards the electrode material, wherein the first pattern of the first mask is engraved into the first surface of the electrode material and the second pattern of the second mask is engraved into the second surface of the electrode material, and removing the first mask and the second mask form the electrode material to from the patterned electrode material.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery is provided that includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and a polymer separator soaked in an electrolyte solution, the polymer separator being disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode includes an active material of lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, or combinations thereof. The negative electrode includes lithium titanate. A method of making the lithium ion battery is also provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, and system for processing an OAM packet, where the method for processing an OAM packet includes: receiving, by a first network device, an operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) instruction sent by an OAM server, where the OAM instruction carries first format information and a first sending target identifier, where the first format information is used for indicating an OAM packet format; and generating, by the first network device, a first OAM packet according to the first format information, and sending the first OAM packet to a network device indicated by the first sending target identifier. The method, device, and system for processing an OAM packet provided in the embodiments of the present application achieve adaptability to different OAM standards without changing of a hardware structure of a network device, and improve OAM processing flexibility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of single-mode optical fibers and discloses a bending-insensitive, radiation-resistant single-mode optical fiber, sequentially including from inside to outside: a core, inner claddings, and an outer cladding, all made from a quartz material. The inner claddings comprise, from inside to outside, a first fluorine-doped inner cladding and a second fluorine-doped inner cladding. The core and the first fluorine-doped inner cladding are not doped with germanium. The respective concentrations of other metal impurities and phosphorus are less than 0.1 ppm. By mass percent, the core has a fluorine dopant content of 0-0.45% and a chlorine content of 0.01-0.10%; the first fluorine-doped inner cladding has a fluorine concentration of 1.00-1.55%; and the second fluorine-doped inner cladding has a fluorine concentration of 3.03-5.00%.

Abstract: A copper foil, intended for use as a current collector in a lithium-containing electrode for a lithium-based electrochemical cell, is subjected to a series of chemical oxidation and reduction processing steps to form a field of integral copper wires extending outwardly from the surfaces of the current collector (and from the copper content of the foil) to be coated with a resin-bonded porous layer of particles of active electrode material. The copper wires serve to anchor thicker layers of porous electrode material and enhance liquid electrolyte contact with the electrode particles and the current collector to improve the energy output of the cell and its useful life.

Abstract: Lithium titanate, Li4Ti5O12, particles containing surface hydroxyl groups are susceptible to unwanted gas generation (such as hydrogen) in the presence of water contamination when the particles are used as active anode electrode material in lithium-ion cells operating with an anhydrous liquid electrolyte. In accordance with this disclosure, the hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the particles are reacted with one of a group of selected agents containing organic alkoxy groups to form hydrophobic moieties on the surfaces of the particles which effectively block water molecules from the surfaces of lithium titanate particles in the anode of the cell.

Abstract: An atmospheric plasma spray device is used to direct a stream of plasma-heated, particulate, lithium battery electrode materials to form a porous layer of the electrode particles on a surface of a compatible current collector metal foil. Subsequently, a non-plasma spray device is used to direct a stream of droplets of an aqueous solution of a polymeric binder material onto and into the porous layer of electrode particles. Water evaporates from the droplets of binder solution as the droplets infiltrate the porous electrode material and coat the electrode particles and current collector surface. When the water (or other solvent) has evaporated from the dispersed droplets of polymer material, the polymer binder bonds the particles to each other and to the current collector surface. The polymer spray may immediately follow the deposition of the electrode particles, or follow later, even at a downstream spray location.

Abstract: The presently disclosed technology discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle control method and apparatus. A device displays a map. The device detects a first movement path on a touch-sensitive surface of the device. The device overlays a trajectory on the map in accordance with the first movement path.; The device automatically generates a number of waypoints along the trajectory. and the device displays the waypoints on the trajectory and sends instructions to an unmanned vehicle in accordance with the trajectory and the waypoints. The unmanned vehicle moves in accordance with trajectory by executing the instructions.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds comprising a saccharide conjugated to an imaging agent or a reporter group, compositions comprising them and methods of using them. Specifically BLM-disaccharide and BLM-monosaccharide conjugates containing different linker groups and an imaging agent or a reporter group are provided for the targeting and imaging of tumors.

Abstract: A method for reducing residual water content in a battery material includes placing the battery material having residual water adsorbed therein in a channel substantially sealed from an ambient environment. A gaseous mixture is caused to flow through the battery material in the channel. The gaseous mixture includes an organic solvent vapor present in an amount effective to hydrogen bond with at least some water molecules from the battery material. The gaseous mixture is caused to flow through the battery material for a predetermined amount of time, at a predetermined temperature, and at a predetermined pressure. The organic solvent vapor having at least some water molecules bonded thereto is removed from the battery material. The removing takes place for a predetermined amount of time, at a predetermined temperature, and at a predetermined pressure, thereby forming the battery material having reduced residual water content.

Abstract: A system for forming an electrode for a lithium-ion battery cell includes an electrode material, a material-supply mechanism, a wetting mechanism, a debris-generating tool, and a conditioner. The material-supply mechanism is configured to deliver the electrode material. The wetting mechanism is configured to receive the electrode material from the material-supply mechanism and apply a solution to the electrode material to produce a wet precursor. The debris-generating tool is configured to remove a portion of the electrode material from the wet precursor to form a pre-electrode. The conditioner is configured to eliminate the solution from the pre-electrode and thereby form the electrode.

Abstract: A reaction vessel in the form of a box is sized to closely contain electrode elements or core cell elements of a lithium-based or sodium-based battery or capacitor for contacting of the electrode material, placed in the reaction vessel, with a flowing gaseous stream of an inert carrier gas and vapor of an organic solvent of water for removing residual water from the porous electrode material elements which are to be infiltrated with a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Complementary equipment is provided for delivering the gaseous stream to the reaction vessel with predetermined portions of carrier gas and organic vapor at a predetermined temperature, pressure, and flow rate.

Abstract: The anode and/or the cathode of a lithium-transporting or sodium-transporting electrochemical battery cell or capacitor cell are formed of small (micrometer-size) electrode material particles having one or more channels extending through substantially each electrode particle. The through-channels are formed in the electrode particles as the particles are being formed from precursor materials. Channel-forming fibers are mixed with the electrode precursor materials when the electrode particles are being formed, and the channel forming material is removed from the formed electrode particles to leave through channels in the particles that may subsequently be infiltrated with an electrolyte for the cell.