Abstract: Provided herein are methods of preparing macrolides by the coupling of an eastern and western half, followed by macrocyclization, to provide macrolides, including both known and novel macrolides. Intermediates in the synthesis of macrolides including the eastern and western halves are also provided. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions using the inventive macrolides are also provided. A general diastereoselective aldol methodology used in the synthesis of the western half is further provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides desosamine and mycaminose analogs and nitro sugars and methods for their preparation. The invention also provides methods of cyclizing a compound of Formula (A?) with glyoxal to give a nitro sugar of Formula (B). Methods for the preparation of compound of Formula (D?) are provided comprising cyclization of a nitro alcohol to give a nitro sugar and reduction and alkylation of the nitro sugar to give a desosamine, mycaminose, or an analog thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are macrolide compounds of Formula (I) and (I-N) for the treatment of infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions. The 14-membered ketolides and 14-, 15-, and 16-membered azaketolides described herein comprise modified sugars which are desosamine or mycaminose analogs. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating infection diseases and inflammatory conditions using the inventive macrolides are also provided. This disclosure additionally provides methods of preparing the macrolides by the coupling of an eastern and western half.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of preparing new 14-membered ketolides via coupling of an eastern and western half moiety, followed by macro-cyclization, and optional functionalization. Intermediates in the synthesis of these ketolides including the eastern and western halves are also provided. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions using these ketolides are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of preparing macrolides by the coupling of an eastern and western half, followed by macrocyclization, to provide macrolides, including both known and novel macrolides. Intermediates in the synthesis of macrolides including the eastern and western halves are also provided. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions using the inventive macrolides are also provided. A general diastereoselective aldol methodology used in the synthesis of the western half is further provided.

Abstract: A directional coupler comprising a first and a second optical waveguide extending at least partially parallel to one another is provided. The first and the second optical waveguide are arranged on a substrate in such a way that they extend in common plane running essentially parallel to the substrate. The first and the second optical waveguide are embedded in a polymer cladding. The first optical waveguide comprises a dielectric core and the second optical waveguide comprises a polymer core, or both the first and the second optical waveguide comprise a polymer core, wherein the cross section and/or the composition of the polymer cores is different.

Abstract: Provided is a method for doing business, which comprises the steps of providing an indicia reader at a point of transaction (POT), capturing a digital image with the indicia reader at the POT and archiving the digital image.