Bearing current discharge assemblies for electric vehicles
A current discharge assembly for an electric machine in an electric vehicle, includes a rotor shaft defining a channel, a ground element positioned within the channel, and a connector positioned within the channel of the rotor shaft and extending circumferentially between the rotor shaft and the ground element. The connector is configured to electrically couple the rotor shaft to the ground element when the rotor shaft is rotating to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft to the ground element via the connector. Other example current discharge assemblies and methods for manufacturing current discharge assemblies are also disclosed.
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The information provided in this section is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent it is described in this section, as well as aspects of the description that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.
The present disclosure relates to bearing current discharge assemblies for electric vehicle.
An electric vehicle (EV) includes one or more electric machines that operate as a motor to propel the vehicle and as a generator during regeneration. The electric machines include an EV drive unit having a stator, main bearings, a rotor shaft rotating on the main bearings, and a rotor mounted on the rotor shaft and rotating relative to the stator. Sometimes, current is generated in the rotor shaft due to a voltage differential created on the rotor shaft based on a magnetic field generated between the stator and the rotor. This current is often referred to as electrical discharge machining (EDM) current. The current may circulate from the rotor shaft and cause damage to the main bearings. To reduce this circulating current, some electric machines may employ a brush, carbon sticks, or a sacrificial bearing positioned on an exterior side of the rotor shaft.
SUMMARYA current discharge assembly for an electric machine in an electric vehicle, includes a rotor shaft defining a channel, a ground element positioned within the channel, and a connector positioned within the channel of the rotor shaft and extending circumferentially between the rotor shaft and the ground element. The connector is configured to electrically couple the rotor shaft to the ground element when the rotor shaft is rotating to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft to the ground element via the connector.
In other features, the ground element is a pipe extending into the channel of the rotor shaft and configured to provide a lubricant into the channel of the rotor shaft.
In other features, the current discharge assembly further includes a plug positioned in the channel between the pipe and the rotor shaft. The plug is configured to prevent the lubricant provided by the pipe from contacting the connector.
In other features, the plug is a first plug positioned adjacent to a first side of the connector, and the current discharge assembly further includes a second plug positioned adjacent to a second side of the connector opposing the first side.
In other features, the pipe has an outer diameter, the current discharge assembly further includes a mounting bracket extending circumferentially along the outer diameter of the pipe, and the connector is attached to the mounting bracket.
In other features, the rotor shaft defines an outer diameter of the channel, the current discharge assembly further includes a mounting bracket extending circumferentially along the outer diameter of the channel, and the connector is attached to the mounting bracket.
In other features, the connector is a brush including a body and a plurality of bristles extending from the body.
In other features, the plurality of bristles include carbon fiber.
In other features, the plurality of bristles extend from the body towards the ground element and are configured to contact the ground element.
In other features, the plurality of bristles extend from the body towards the rotor shaft and are configured to contact the rotor shaft.
In other features, the connector is a bearing positioned between the rotor shaft and the ground element.
In other features, the bearing is a roller bearing or a ball bearing.
In other features, the connector includes a body and one or more spring loaded sticks configured to bias against one of the rotor shaft and the ground element.
In other features, the one or more spring loaded sticks are configured to bias against the rotor shaft.
In other features, the one or more spring loaded sticks are configured to bias against the ground element.
A method for manufacturing a current discharge assembly for an electric machine in an electric vehicle is disclosed. The electric machine includes a rotor shaft defining a shaft channel. The method includes providing a mounting bracket having a body defining a bracket channel extending therethrough, cutting at least one slot into the body of the mounting bracket, attaching a connector to the mounting bracket via the slot, the connector extending into the bracket channel, inserting a ground element into the bracket channel of the mounting bracket to contact the connector extending into the bracket channel, and inserting the ground element and the mounting bracket with the attached connector into the shaft channel of the rotor shaft so that the connector electrically couples the rotor shaft to the ground element when the rotor shaft is rotating to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft to the ground element via the connector.
In other features, attaching the connector to the mounting bracket via the slot includes pressing the connector into the slot.
In other features, the connector is a brush having a plurality of bristles.
In other features, the ground element is a pipe configured to provide a lubricant into the shaft channel of the rotor shaft.
In other features, the method further includes forming at least one plug between the pipe and the rotor shaft to prevent the lubricant provided by the pipe from contacting the brush.
Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, the claims and the drawings. The detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
The present disclosure will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
In the drawings, reference numbers may be reused to identify similar and/or identical elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONAn EV includes one or more electric machines having an EV drive unit. In such examples, the EV drive unit includes a stator, main bearings, a rotor shaft rotating on the main bearings, and a rotor mounted on the rotor shaft and rotating relative to the stator. In the EV drive unit, circulating current, such as EDM current generated in the rotor shaft may pass through the main bearings causing damage to the bearings. In turn, this may lead to severe noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) issues and even system failure. Current devices to reduce the circulating current are positioned on an exterior side of the rotor shaft. Such devices require additional packaging space due to their size and are often ineffective in lubricated environments.
The current discharge assemblies according to the present disclosure provide solutions for positioning a connector, such a brush, a bearing, etc. within a rotor shaft and around a ground element, such as a lube pipe in the rotor shaft. With this configuration, the connector electrically couples an inner surface of the rotor shaft and an outer surface of the ground element located at a center region of the rotor shaft when, for example, the rotor shaft is rotating. In doing so, circulating current (e.g., EDM current, etc.) generated in the rotor shaft is discharged to the ground element via the connector. Due to the low linear speed at the center of the rotor shaft, the ground element creates a low drag and effective way for current to discharge with a low risk of experiencing degradation. Additionally, because the connector is positioned within the rotor shaft, packaging space around the exterior side of the rotor shaft may be reduced as compared to conventional systems or used for other purposes.
Referring now to
As shown, the current discharge assembly 100 generally includes a bearing 102, a rotor shaft 104 rotating on the bearing 102, a ground element 108 in the rotor shaft 104, and a connector 110 in the rotor shaft 104. While not shown in
In the example of
As shown in
The ground element 108 is positioned within the channel 106 defined by the rotor shaft 104. More specifically, in the example of
In various embodiments, the current discharge assembly 100 may include one or more other optional components. For example, and as further explained below, the current discharge assembly 100 may include one or more plugs (not shown) positioned on one or both sides of the connector 110. In such examples, the plug(s) may be positioned in the channel 106 between the ground element 108 (e.g., the pipe) and the rotor shaft 104. In various embodiments when the ground element 108 is a lube pipe, at some of the plugs may function as a seal to prevent lubricant provided by the pipe from contacting the connector 110.
Additionally, in some examples, the current discharge assembly 100 may include an electrically conductive mounting bracket or mounting ring (not shown), as further explained below. In such examples, various components, such as the connector 110, one or more plugs, etc. may be attached to the mounting bracket via adhesive, solder, one or more mechanical fasteners (e.g., screws, rivets, etc.), and/or any other suitable fastening means. With this configuration, the mounting bracket may provide a mechanism to maintain components of the current discharge assembly 100 as one piece. In turn, this may provide ease of installing and/or removing components of the current discharge assembly 100 during manufacturing and/or maintenance of the electric machine (e.g., the EV drive unit).
As shown in
In the example of
In the example of
For example,
Specifically,
In example of
In
In the examples of
Additionally, the brushes 200, 300 of
Specifically,
In the example of
In
The spring-loaded sticks 404 of
Specifically, in
As shown in
In other examples, an optional electrically conductive mounting bracket may be positioned between one of the connectors herein and the ground element 108. For example,
The mounting bracket 708 of
As shown in
In the example of
As shown in
In the example of
In some examples, one or both plugs 1030, 1040 may prevent lubricant provided by the lube pipe 1008 from contacting the brush 200. For example, in the example of
As shown in
Then, at step 1206, a connector 1226 is attached to the mounting bracket 1020 via the slot 1224. For example, in
At step 1208 of the method 1200, a ground element is inserted into the bracket channel 1222 of the mounting bracket 1020 to contact the connector 1226. In the example of
In various embodiments, one or more dams may be formed, as shown at step 1208 of
Then, at step 1210, the lube pipe 1008 and the assembled mounting bracket 1020 with the connector 1226 and the dams 1228, 1230 are inserted into the channel 106 of the rotor shaft 104. After this step, the connector 1226 electrically couples the rotor shaft 104 to the lube pipe 1008 to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft 104 to the lube pipe 1008 via the connector 1226.
The foregoing description is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The broad teachings of the disclosure can be implemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this disclosure includes particular examples, the true scope of the disclosure should not be so limited since other modifications will become apparent upon a study of the drawings, the specification, and the following claims. It should be understood that one or more steps within a method may be executed in different order (or concurrently) without altering the principles of the present disclosure. Further, although each of the embodiments is described above as having certain features, any one or more of those features described with respect to any embodiment of the disclosure can be implemented in and/or combined with features of any of the other embodiments, even if that combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the described embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and permutations of one or more embodiments with one another remain within the scope of this disclosure.
Spatial and functional relationships between elements (for example, between modules, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.) are described using various terms, including “connected,” “engaged,” “coupled,” “adjacent,” “next to,” “on top of,” “above,” “below,” and “disposed.” Unless explicitly described as being “direct,” when a relationship between first and second elements is described in the above disclosure, that relationship can be a direct relationship where no other intervening elements are present between the first and second elements, but can also be an indirect relationship where one or more intervening elements are present (either spatially or functionally) between the first and second elements. As used herein, the phrase at least one of A, B, and C should be construed to mean a logical (A OR B OR C), using a non-exclusive logical OR, and should not be construed to mean “at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C.”
Claims
1. A current discharge assembly for an electric machine in an electric vehicle, the current discharge assembly comprising:
- a rotor shaft defining a channel;
- a ground pipe extending into the channel and configured to provide a lubricant into the channel of the rotor shaft;
- a connector positioned within the channel of the rotor shaft and extending circumferentially between the rotor shaft and the ground pipe, the connector configured to electrically couple the rotor shaft to the ground pipe when the rotor shaft is rotating to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft to the ground pipe via the connector:
- a first plug and a second plug positioned in the channel between the ground pipe and the rotor shaft, the first plug positioned adjacent to a first side of the connector, the second plug positioned adjacent to a second side of the connector opposing the first side, and the first plug and the second plug configured to prevent the lubricant provided by the ground pipe from contacting the connector; and
- a mounting bracket extending circumferentially along an outer diameter of the channel and positioned between the connector and the rotor shaft, wherein the connector, the first plug and the second plug are attached to the mounting bracket.
2. The current discharge assembly of claim 1, wherein the connector is a brush including a body and a plurality of bristles extending from the body.
3. The current discharge assembly of claim 2, wherein the plurality of bristles include carbon fiber.
4. The current discharge assembly of claim 2, wherein the plurality of bristles extend from the body towards the ground pipe and are configured to contact the ground pipe.
5. The current discharge assembly of claim 2, wherein the plurality of bristles extend from the body towards the rotor shaft and are configured to contact the rotor shaft.
6. The current discharge assembly of claim 1, wherein the connector is a bearing positioned between the rotor shaft and the ground pipe.
7. The current discharge assembly of claim 6, wherein the bearing is a roller bearing or a ball bearing.
8. The current discharge assembly of claim 1, wherein the connector includes a body and one or more spring loaded sticks configured to bias against one of the rotor shaft and the ground pipe.
9. The current discharge assembly of claim 8, wherein the one or more spring loaded sticks are configured to bias against the rotor shaft.
10. The current discharge assembly of claim 8, wherein the one or more spring loaded sticks are configured to bias against the ground pipe.
11. A method for manufacturing a current discharge assembly for an electric machine in an electric vehicle, the electric machine including a rotor shaft defining a shaft channel, the method comprising:
- providing a mounting bracket having a body defining a bracket channel extending therethrough;
- cutting at least one slot into the body of the mounting bracket;
- attaching a connector to the mounting bracket via the slot, the connector extending into the bracket channel;
- inserting a ground pipe into the bracket channel of the mounting bracket to contact the connector extending into the bracket channel, the ground pipe providing a lubricant into the shaft channel of the rotor shaft;
- inserting the ground pipe and the mounting bracket with the attached connector into the shaft channel of the rotor shaft so that the mounting bracket extends circumferentially along an outer diameter of the shaft channel, the mounting bracket is positioned between the connector and the rotor shaft, and the connector electrically couples the rotor shaft to the ground pipe when the rotor shaft is rotating to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft to the ground pipe via the connector; and
- forming a first plug and a second plug between the ground pipe and the rotor shaft to prevent the lubricant provided by the ground pipe from contacting the connector, the first plug positioned adjacent to a first side of the connector, and the second plug positioned adjacent to a second side of the connector opposing the first side, wherein the first plug and the second plug are attached to the mounting bracket.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein attaching the connector to the mounting bracket via the slot includes pressing the connector into the slot.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the connector is a brush having a plurality of bristles.
14. A current discharge assembly for an electric machine in an electric vehicle, the current discharge assembly comprising:
- a rotor shaft defining a channel;
- a ground pipe extending into the channel and configured to provide a lubricant into the channel of the rotor shaft;
- a connector positioned within the channel of the rotor shaft and extending circumferentially between the rotor shaft and the ground pipe, the connector configured to electrically couple the rotor shaft to the ground pipe when the rotor shaft is rotating to allow current to flow from the rotor shaft to the ground pipe via the connector;
- a first plug and a second plug positioned in the channel between the ground pipe and the rotor shaft, the first plug positioned adjacent to a first side of the connector, the second plug positioned adjacent to a second side of the connector opposing the first side, and the first plug and the second plug configured to prevent the lubricant provided by the ground pipe from contacting the connector; and
- a mounting bracket extending circumferentially along an outer diameter of the ground pipe and positioned between the connector and the ground pipe, wherein the connector is attached to the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket having a tapering ring-shape with a diameter that increases from a first end of the mounting bracket to a second, opposing end of the mounting bracket.
15. The current discharge assembly of claim 14, wherein the mounting bracket includes a lip at the second end of the mounting bracket and one or more fingers extending from the first end of the mounting bracket.
16. The current discharge assembly of claim 15, wherein the one or more fingers are configured to contact and press against the ground pipe.
17. The current discharge assembly of claim 16, wherein the connector is a bearing positioned between the rotor shaft and the ground pipe.
18. The current discharge assembly of claim 17, wherein the bearing is a roller bearing or a ball bearing.
19. The current discharge assembly of claim 14, wherein the connector is a brush including a body and a plurality of carbon fiber bristles extending from the body.
20. The current discharge assembly of claim 14, wherein the connector includes a body and one or more spring loaded sticks configured to bias against one of the rotor shaft and the ground pipe.
| 20200295634 | September 17, 2020 | Lenz |
| 20220311315 | September 29, 2022 | Lindener |
| 20240154505 | May 9, 2024 | Brand |
| 102016010926 | September 2017 | DE |
| 102021213387 | June 2023 | DE |
| 4068581 | October 2022 | EP |
| 4068581 | October 2022 | EP |
- English translation of DE-102021213387-A1 (Year: 2023).
- German Office Action from counterpart DE1020241131683, dated Feb. 21, 2025.
Type: Grant
Filed: Mar 21, 2024
Date of Patent: Jul 28, 2026
Patent Publication Number: 20250300519
Assignee: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC (Detroit, MI)
Inventors: Sen Jiang Zhou (Troy, MI), David J. Varda (West Bloomfield, MI), Bradford E. Vorbeck (Clarkston, MI), Zachary Strand (Salem, OR), Timothy J. Reinhart (Lake Orion, MI)
Primary Examiner: Tulsidas C Patel
Assistant Examiner: Joshua Kiel M Rodriguez
Application Number: 18/612,331