Semiconductor package having high quantity of I/O connections and method for fabricating the same
A semiconductor package having a high quantity of input/output (I/O) connections and a fabrication method thereof are proposed. A lead frame having a plurality of leads, a die pad and at least one conductive member electrically isolated from the die pad and disposed between the die pad and leads, is provided for at least one semiconductor chip to be mounted on the die pad. The semiconductor chip is electrically connected to the leads and the at least one conductive member. An encapsulant is formed to encapsulate the semiconductor chip and a portion of the lead frame with bottom surfaces of the die pad and the at least one conductive member and a portion of the leads being exposed from the encapsulant. The at least one conductive member electrically separated from the die pad is used as an I/O connection for external connection between the semiconductor chip and external devices.
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The present invention relates to semiconductor packages, and more particularly to a semiconductor package having a lead frame as a chip carrier and a method for fabricating the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONA conventional semiconductor package having a lead frame as a chip carrier is typically provided with a semiconductor chip mounted on a die pad of the lead frame, wherein leads of the lead frame are disposed around the die pad and have outer leads exposed from an encapsulant or mold body that is used for encapsulating the chip and the lead frame, the exposed outer leads serving as input/output (I/O) connections for electrical connection between the semiconductor package and external devices. This type of semiconductor package device is customarily named Quad Flat Package (QFP), which has been developed with various modified configurations as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,397,746, 5,905,299, 5,559,306, 5,923,092 and 5,489,801.
According to the above cited U.S. patents, as shown in
Therefore, in the case of the encapsulant remaining constant in size, the only way to increase the number of leads is to reduce the pitch between adjacent leads. However, reducing the pitch between adjacent leads requires tremendous precision in manufacturing the lead frame and thus undesirably increases the fabrication cost. Further, when the leads with the reduced pitch are attached to an external device such as printed circuit board (PCB) by surface mounting technique (SMT), short circuit may be easily induced due to the reduced pitch, thereby degrading the yield on the electrical connection with the external device. On the contrary, if not to reduce the pitch between adjacent leads to avoid the foregoing drawback, an alternative is to increase the size of the encapsulant so as to accommodate more leads. However, the increase in size of the encapsulant not only increases the fabrication cost but also easily leads to warpage of the encapsulant, which adversely affects the yield of the fabricated packages. Further, the encapsulant with the increased size does not comply with current demands for light-weight and low-profile semiconductor packages.
Therefore, it is greatly desired to develop a semiconductor package with an increased number of I/O connections without increasing the size of the encapsulant and without reducing the pitch between adjacent leads.
Accordingly, U.S. Pat. No. 6,348,726 discloses a semiconductor package with a leadless lead frame as a chip carrier. As shown in
Although the above semiconductor package 1″ may have more I/O connections, fabrication of the lead frame 10″ shown in
A primary objective of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor package having a high quantity of input/output (I/O) connections and a method of fabricating the same, without having to increase the size of an encapsulant or reducing a pitch between adjacent leads to provide a relatively high quantity of I/O connections with low fabrication cost as well as eliminating warpage or other electrical connection problems when the semiconductor package is connected to external devices.
In order to achieve the foregoing and other objectives, the invention proposes a semiconductor package having a high quantity of I/O connections, comprising: a lead frame having a plurality of leads, a die pad having a bottom surface, and at least one conductive member electrically isolated from the die pad so as for the conductive member to be disposed between the leads and the die pad, wherein the conductive member has a bottom surface; at least one semiconductor chip mounted on the die pad and respectively electrically connected to the leads and the conductive member; and an encapsulant for encapsulating the semiconductor chip and a portion of the lead frame, allowing a portion of the leads and the bottom surfaces of the conductive member and the die pad to be exposed from the encapsulant, such that the conductive member and the leads serve as I/O connections for electrical connection between the semiconductor chip and external devices.
The exposed portion of the leads from the encapsulant is referred to as outer leads in a Quad Flat Package (QFP) device, and comprises bottom surfaces of the leads in Quad Flat Non-leaded (QFN) device.
The at least one conductive member disposed between the die pad and the leads is located in a free space between the die pad and inner ends of the leads in a lead-frame-based semiconductor package, thereby no need to increase the size of the lead frame for accommodating the conductive member. That is, any conventional lead frame with a standard size can be used to form the conductive member.
The at least one conductive member may be a signal I/O member for being connected to a single bonding wire, or a ground ring and/or power ring for accommodating a plurality of bonding wires. The conductive member is flexibly shaped such as strip- or L-shape according to the practical requirement.
A method for fabricating the semiconductor package having a high quantity of I/O connections in the present invention comprises the steps of: preparing a lead frame having a plurality of leads, a die pad having a bottom surface, at least one conductive member connected to the die pad and disposed between the leads and the die pad wherein the conductive member having a bottom surface, and at least one connection portion for connecting the conductive member to the die pad; mounting at least one semiconductor chip on the die pad of the lead frame, and electrically connecting the semiconductor chip respectively to the leads and the conductive member; forming an encapsulant to encapsulate the semiconductor chip and a portion of the lead frame, allowing the bottom surface of the die pad, the bottom surface of the conductive member, the connection portion, and a portion of the leads to be exposed from the encapsulant; and removing the connection portion to electrically isolate the conductive member from the die pad, such that the conductive member and the leads serve as I/O connections for electrical connection between the semiconductor chip and external devices.
The at least one connection portion can be removed using a conventional mechanical sawing or grinding technique. When the connection portion is removed by the mechanical sawing process, the thickness of the connection portion is approximately the same as the thicknesses of the die pad or leads and the conductive member, or can be smaller than the thicknesses of the die pad or leads and the conductive member through the use of a stamping or etching process to reduce the thickness of the connection portion. In other words, in order to completely remove the connection portion, the sawing depth must be at least equal to the thickness of the connection portion. The removal process is easier to implement in the case of the thickness of the connection portion smaller than the thicknesses of the die pad or leads and the conductive member. Alternatively, when the connection portion is removed using a grinding technique, the die pad, the connection portion, the conductive member, the encapsulant and the leads of a QFN package are simultaneously ground. In this case, the thickness of the connection portion must be smaller than that of the die pad, such that after the grinding depth reaches the thickness of the connection portion, the connection portion can be completely removed, making the conductive member electrically isolated from the die pad. Further, since the die pad, the conductive member, the encapsulant, and the leads of the QFN package are ground and thinned, the overall thickness of the fabricated semiconductor package is also reduced making the package profile further miniaturized.
The removal of the connection portion can be also achieved through laser sawing or chemical etching.
The at least one conductive member is integrally connected to a side of the die pad. One advantage by this arrangement is that, during a wire-bonding process, the bottom surface of the die pad is sucked by a vacuum socket, allowing the conductive member along with the die pad to be firmly attached to a jig and thereby preventing the conductive member from warpage, such that the quality of wire bonding can be assured. On the contrary, if the conductive member is formed on an inner end of a lead, it increases the length of the lead, and during the wire-bonding process, the inner end of the lead having the conductive member cannot well clamped by the jig and would be subject to warpage, thereby degrading the quality of wire bonding. Therefore, formation of the conductive member on the inner end of the lead is not applicable.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe present invention can be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, with reference made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
As shown in the drawings, the semiconductor package 1 comprises a semiconductor chip 10, a lead frame 11 for carrying the chip 10, and an encapsulant 12 for encapsulating the chip 10 and a portion of the lead frame 11.
The lead frame 11 comprises a die pad 110, a plurality of leads 111 disposed around the die pad 110, and a plurality of conductive members 112 formed between the die pad 110 and the leads 11, as shown in
The semiconductor chip 10 is attached to the top surface 110a of the die pad 110 via a conventional adhesive 13 such as silver paste. Then, the chip 10 is electrically connected to the leads 111 by a plurality of first bonding wires such as gold wires 14a, and electrically connected to the top surfaces 112a of the conductive members 112 by a plurality of second gold wires 14b. Since the chip 10 is respectively electrically connected to the leads 111 and the conductive members 112, the leads 111 each having an outer portion exposed from the encapsulant 12 and the conductive members 112 both serve as I/O connections for electrically connecting the semiconductor package 1 to external devices. Referring to
Since the conductive members 112 are formed in a gap between the die pad 110 and the leads 111, there is no need to increase the size of the lead frame 11 to accommodate the conductive members 112. In other words, with a pitch between any two adjacent leads 111 and the overall size of the lead frame 11 remaining constant, it is allowed to form the conductive members 112 acting as additional I/O connections or signal I/O members for the semiconductor package according to the present invention. Further since the lead frame used in the present invention has the same size as the conventional lead frame, the current packaging equipment can be used to manufacture the semiconductor package in the present invention thereby reducing the fabrication cost.
Further referring to
Moreover, the die pad 110 with its bottom surface 110b exposed from the encapsulant 12 provides a relatively shorter heat dissipating path for the chip 10 mounted on the die pad 110. That is, heat generated from the chip 10 is transmitted to the die pad 110 and dissipated from the exposed bottom surface 110b of the die pad 110 to the external devices (such as PCB). Furthermore, in order to avoid delamination between the chip 10 and the die pad 110 induced by an excessive contact area therebetween due to mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) during a temperature cycle, at least one opening (not shown) can be formed through the die pad 110 to reduce the contact area between the chip 10 and the die pad 110 and thereby reduce the thermal stress exerted from the die pad 110 on the chip 10.
The procedural steps of a method for fabricating the above semiconductor package according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention are described with reference to
Referring to
Referring to
Then, referring to
Referring to
The foregoing die-bonding, wire-bonding and molding processes are all well known in the art and thus not to further detailed here.
Then, referring to
The procedural steps of a method for fabricating the above semiconductor package according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention are described with reference to
Referring to
Then, referring to
Finally referring to
The fabrication processes for the semiconductor package 3 up to completion of the molding process for forming the encapsulant 32 are the same as those for the semiconductor package 2 in the second preferred embodiment, thereby not to be further detailed here.
As shown in
As shown in
Referring to
Then referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The invention has been described using exemplary preferred embodiments. However, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements. The scope of the claims, therefore, should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
Claims
1. A semiconductor package having a high quantity of input/output (I/O) connections, comprising:
- a lead frame having a plurality of leads, a die pad having a bottom surface, and at least one conductive member electrically isolated from the die pad so as for the at least one conductive member to be disposed between the leads and the die pad, wherein the at least one conductive member has a bottom surface;
- at least one semiconductor chip mounted on the die pad and respectively electrically connected to the leads and the at least one conductive member; and
- an encapsulant for encapsulating the semiconductor chip and a portion of the lead frame, allowing a portion of the leads and the bottom surfaces of the at least one conductive member and the die pad to be exposed from the encapsulant.
2. The semiconductor package of claim 1, wherein the at least one conductive member is one selected from the groups consisting of a signal I/O member, a ground ring and a power ring.
3. The semiconductor package of claim 1, wherein a recess is formed between the die pad and the at least one conductive member.
4. The semiconductor package of claim 3, wherein the depth of the recess is the same as the thicknesses of the die pad and the at least one conductive member.
5. The semiconductor package of claim 3, wherein the depth of the recess is smaller than the thicknesses of the die pad and the at least one conductive member.
6. The semiconductor package of claim 1, wherein a downset is formed between the leads and the die pad.
7. The semiconductor package of claim 1, wherein the leads and the die pad are coplanar, allowing bottom surfaces of the leads to be exposed from the encapsulant.
8. The semiconductor package of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor chip is electrically connected to the leads via a plurality of first bonding wires and electrically connected to the at least one conductive member via a plurality of second bonding wires.
9. A lead frame, comprising a plurality of leads, a die pad, and at least one conductive member connected to the die pad via at least one connection portion.
10. The lead frame of claim 9, wherein the at least one conductive member is one selected from the groups consisting of a signal I/O member, a ground ring and a power ring.
11. A method for fabricating a semiconductor package having a high quantity of I/O connections, comprising the steps of:
- preparing a lead frame having a plurality of leads, a die pad having a bottom surface, at least one conductive member connected to the die pad and disposed between the leads and the die pad wherein the at least one conductive member having a bottom surface, and at least one connection portion for connecting the at least one conductive member to the die pad;
- mounting at least one semiconductor chip on the die pad of the lead frame, and electrically connecting the semiconductor chip respectively to the leads and the at least one conductive member;
- forming an encapsulant to encapsulate the semiconductor chip and a portion of the lead frame, allowing the bottom surface of the die pad, the bottom surface of the at least one conductive member, the at least one connection portion, and a portion of the leads to be exposed from the encapsulant; and
- removing the at least one connection portion to electrically isolate the at least one conductive member from the die pad, such that the at least one conductive member and the leads serve as I/O connections for electrical connection between the semiconductor chip and external devices.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one connection portion is removed by using a technique selected from the group consisting of mechanical sawing, laser sawing and grinding.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein after a mechanical sawing or laser sawing technique has been conducted to remove the at least one connection portion, a recess is formed between the at least one conductive member and the die pad.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein when the thickness of the at least one connection portion is the same as that of the die pad, the depth of the recess is the same as the thickness of the die pad.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein when the thickness of the at least one connection portion is smaller than that of the die pad, the depth of the recess is equal to the thickness of the connection portion.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein a stamping or etching process is applied to the lead frame to form a recess on the at least one connection portion so as to make the thickness of the connection portion smaller than that of the die pad.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein the at least one connection portion is formed with a thickness smaller than that of the die pad, such that, subsequent to the grinding process, a portion of the die pad, a portion of the at least one conductive member, a portion of the encapsulant, and/or a portion of the leads are removed, and the connection portion is completely removed to allow the conductive member to be isolated from the die pad.
18. The method of claim 11, wherein a downset is formed between the leads and the die pad.
19. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one conductive member is one selected from the group consisting of a signal I/O member, a ground ring and a power ring.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the semiconductor chip is electrically connected to the leads via a plurality of first bonding wires and electrically connected to the at least one conductive member via a plurality of second bonding wires.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 10, 2004
Publication Date: Mar 10, 2005
Applicant:
Inventor: Chin-Teng Hsu (Taichung)
Application Number: 10/865,945