Submerged pump having a bearing lubricated by discharged fluid
A target fluid discharged from a pump is partially diverted, by a lead-in duct, into a housing chamber including a motor therein. A top bearing supporting a motor shaft is placed in the lead-in duct, and lubricated by the target fluid flowing through the lead-in duct. A top seal is installed downstream from the top bearing in the lead-in duct. The top seal has a slight gap from the motor shaft to form a throttle structure which increases a flow resistance. The throttle structure maintains a pressure in an area near the top bearing, to thereby suppress presence of gases.
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The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-338540 filed on Sep. 29, 2003. The content of the application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a submersible pump integrally configured by a pump and a motor to drive the pump, and submerged in a reserved target fluid, for use in pumping up the target fluid.
2. Description of the Related Art
To pump up liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas, or the like, there has been utilized a submersible pump in which a pump, such as a centrifugal pump, and a motor for driving the pump are integrated into one unit. Such a submersible pump is used in a state that it is entirely immersed in the target fluid to be pumped by the pump. The submersible pump is configured so as to allow entry of the target fluid into regions around a stator and a rotor of the motor and around bearings for shafts of the motor and the pump in order to utilize the target fluid for cooling, lubrication, or the like.
In one example pump, a target fluid discharged by a pump is conveyed to a bearing located at an upper end of a shaft to lubricate the bearing. Such a pump is described in Japanese Utility Model Application No. Hei 5-26949 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 6-80896).
However, in such submersible pump, when the target fluid contains a easily vaporizable constituent, it is common for the bearing to be insufficiently lubricated due to vaporization of the constituent in the vicinity of the bearing, leading to malfunction of the pump.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThis invention provides a submersible pump in which a bearing is advantageously protected against insufficient lubrication.
A submersible pump according to the present invention comprises a lead-in duct through which a target fluid discharged from a pump is partially directed to flow through a bearing supporting a shaft of a motor almost at an upper end of the shaft and then conveyed into a housing in which the motor is installed, and a throttle structure installed downstream from the bearing in the lead-in duct.
Further, in the submersible pump, an entrance of a reflux channel for returning, to a pump unit, the target fluid existing in the housing in which the motor is installed is disposed at a place situated higher than the bearing located near the upper end of the motor shaft.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring now to drawings, an embodiment of this invention will be described below.
The pump unit 12 includes a multistage centrifugal pump in which a plurality of centrifugal pumps 26 are arranged on a common pump shaft 24. A lower part of the multistage centrifugal pump, more specifically, a suction port of the centrifugal pump 26 on the first stage is attached to a suction pipe 28 which includes, in the inside thereof, a inducer 30 mounted to the pump shaft 24 and actuated with the pump shaft 24.
The motor unit 14 located above the pump unit 12 includes an electric motor 32 for driving the multiphase centrifugal pump and a housing cylinder 34 placed so as to enclose the motor 32. The motor 32 comprises a motor shaft 36 shared as the pump shaft 24, a rotor 38 fixed to the motor shaft 36, and a stator 40 fixed on the housing cylinder 34. The bottom of the housing cylinder 34 is joined to an attachment plate 42, and the pump unit 12 is also joined to the attachment plate 42 to be integral with the motor unit 14. The top of the housing cylinder 34, on the other hand, is connected to a discharge manifold 44. Thus, the housing cylinder 34, the attachment plate 42, and the discharge manifold 44 constitute a housing in which the motor 32 is installed.
The target fluid is pressurized in the pump unit 12. The attachment plate 42 holds a bottom bearing 46 which is a rolling bearing rotatably supporting the motor shaft 36, and includes a bottom seal 48 for suppressing the flow of pressurized target fluid into the motor unit 14. Because a small gap is present between bottom seal 48 and the pump shaft 24, a small amount of the target fluid enters a housing chamber 49, which is a space formed in the housing of the pump unit 12. This small amount of target fluid flows through the bottom bearing 46 while lubricating the bottom bearing 46. The discharge manifold 44 holds a top bearing 50 rotatably supporting the motor shaft 36 in the proximity of an upper end of the motor shaft 36. Further, in the discharge manifold 44, there is provided a discharge port 54 communicating with a discharge hole 52 formed in the head plate 18. The target fluid delivered from the multistage centrifugal pump is conveyed to the discharge port 54 through a discharge channel 56 running around components, such as, for example, the stator 40 of the motor unit 14, and then pumped to the outside.
The discharge manifold 44 comprises a lead-in duct 58 for diverting the target fluid from the discharge port 54 into the housing chamber 49. The top bearing 50 is installed in the lead-in duct 58, and a top seal 60 is installed downstream from the top bearing 50. These components associated with the lead-in duct 58 will be described below. An entrance 62a to a reflux channel 62 for returning the target fluid contained in the housing chamber 49 to the pump unit 12 is provided in the housing chamber 49, at a location higher than the top bearing 50, preferably at a topmost part of the housing chamber 49. Through the reflux channel 62, gases accumulated in the housing chamber 49 is collected and conveyed to the pump unit 12 together with the target fluid.
By maintaining the area around the top bearing 50 at a high pressure, the target fluid is protected from vaporizing in the area around the bearing, even if a constituent prone to vaporization is present in the target fluid, which in turn ensures sufficiency of the lubrication of the bearing. Accordingly, the dimensions of each component of the throttle structure, such as, for example, clearance and length, should be set a dimension that will ensure the capability of maintaining a pressure which can prevent, or significantly suppress, vaporization of the target fluid in the area around the bearing. The shape of the flow path in the throttle structure may be, for example, crank-shaped rather than straight. Further, labyrinth structure 66 as shown in
Because the gas which occurs in the housing chamber 49 is returned to the reflux channel 62 from the position located higher than the top bearing 50, it is possible to prevent a situation in which lubrication will be affected by lowering of the fluid level by the gas accumulated in the housing chamber 49 to a level reaching the top bearing 50.
The submersible pump 10 according to this embodiment may be preferably used as a pump for handling LNG which contains carbon monoxide. When the LNG contains carbon monoxide, a gas (carbon monoxide) appears at a lower temperature because the boiling point of carbon monoxide is lower than those of other constituents in the LNG, and lower than the boiling point of another LNG which contains no carbon monoxide. As described above, by installing the throttle structure downstream from the top bearing 50, poor lubrication due to the occurrence of gas in the vicinity of the top bearing 50 can be prevented.
Although an example three-stage centrifugal pump was described to illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of stages is not so limited, and may be changed as appropriate according to design requirements. Similarly, bearings other than the ball bearing may be used as the top and bottom bearings, and may be selected in consideration of other design requirements.
Claims
1. A submersible pump comprising:
- a pump discharging a target fluid;
- a motor located above said pump driving said pump through a shaft;
- a housing enclosing said motor;
- a bearing supporting said shaft in the vicinity of an upper end of said shaft;
- a lead-in duct through which said target fluid discharged from said pump is directed to flow through said bearing from an area near the upper end of said shaft toward an inside of said housing, and
- a throttle structure installed downstream from said bearing in said lead-in duct increasing a flow resistance of said lead-in duct.
2. The submersible pump according to claim 1, further comprising a reflux channel for returning said target fluid contained in said housing to said pump, wherein an entrance of said reflux channel is disposed in said housing higher than said bearing.
3. The submersible pump according to claim 1, wherein said throttle structure includes a seal opposing to a surface of said shaft over a predetermined gap.
4. The submersible pump according to claim 3, wherein a labyrinth structure is formed in said seal.
5. A submersible pump comprising:
- a pump discharging a target fluid;
- a motor located above said pump driving said pump through a shaft;
- a housing enclosing said motor;
- a lead-in duct communicating a discharge channel of said pump with the inside of said housing;
- a bearing supporting said shaft in the vicinity of an upper end of said shaft and located in said lead-in duct, and
- a throttle structure installed in said lead-in duct at a place closer to the inside of said housing than said bearing.
6. A method for lubricating a bearing installed in a submersible pump comprising
- a pump discharging a target fluid,
- a motor located above said pump to drive said pump through a shaft,
- a housing enclosing said motor, and
- said bearing supporting said shaft disposed near an upper end of said shaft, the method comprising the steps of:
- transporting said target fluid discharged from said pump into said housing;
- passing said target fluid through said bearing, and
- throttling a flow of said target fluid flowing past said bearing to maintain a pressure in an area near said bearing.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 29, 2004
Publication Date: Mar 31, 2005
Applicant: Nikkiso Co. Ltd. (Tokyo)
Inventor: Norifumi Tani (Higashimurayama-shi)
Application Number: 10/954,120