FIREPLACE WITH AIR MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
A fireplace configured for reducing the heating, and hence the temperature, of the surface above the front face of the fireplace. The fireplace includes an air management system for separating one or more relatively warm air stream from one or more relatively cool air stream. The relatively cooler air stream exiting the fireplace may be drawn by the relatively warmer air exiting the fireplace into flowing upwards along a surface above the front face of the fireplace. An insulating layer of relatively cooler air may form between said surface and the relatively warmer air exiting the fireplace.
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This invention relates to a fireplace. More specifically, the invention relates to a fireplace used for heating the conditioned space wherein it is located. In particular, the invention pertains to a fireplace design for reducing the temperature of a surface above the front face of the fireplace.
BACKGROUNDFireplaces have typically been used for decorative purposes, heating a conditioned space, or both. Most fireplaces, and in particular the ones used for heating, typically include a combustion chamber enclosure positioned within and space apart from an outer enclosure. Such configurations inherently include an air space between the combustion chamber enclosure and the outer enclosure. The space between the combustion chamber enclosure and the outer enclosure further provides openings at the top and bottom of the front face of the fireplace. Air may enter and/or exit the air space through these top and bottom openings.
In one instance, air may be drawn into the air space through the bottom opening and exit the air space through the top opening. Air entering the air space may be from one or more sources and/or a combination of sources. For instance, air entering the air space may be from the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located, and/or it may be from a source outside the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located such as from outdoors. Air entering the air space may be drawn in by natural convection or by forced convection such as with an air blower.
When the fireplace is in operation, relatively cooler air is drawn into the air space wherein it gets heated by the heat of combustion transferred through the combustion chamber enclosure, and the heated air exits the air space through the top opening. The relatively warmer air may flow up along the surface, such as a wall, above the top opening in the front face of the fireplace. The warm air heats the surface, and in some instances, depending upon the intensity of the combustion process, the surface may become untouchable by having been heated to a relatively high temperature. To one skilled in the art, it will be obvious that the surface above the fireplace will most likely be the hottest in instances when natural convection drives the flow of air through the air space.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a fireplace designed to reduce the heating of the surface above the front face of the fireplace, and thereby reduce the temperature of the surface.
SUMMARYThe instant invention provides a fireplace designed to reduce the heating, and hence reduce the temperature, of a surface above the front face of the fireplace.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a flow divider placed in the air space at the top of the fireplace, i.e., in the air space between the top surface of the combustion chamber enclosure and the top surface of the outer enclosure, may define two distinctly separate air flow paths. The flow divider may further define two separate ports for the air exiting the top opening. A relatively cooler air stream may flow through a first flow path defined between the top wall of the outer enclosure and the flow divider, and exit through a first port in the top opening; and a relatively warmer air stream may flow through a second flow path defined between the flow divider and the top wall of the combustion chamber enclosure, and exit through a second port in the top opening.
In an embodiment of the invention, the relatively cooler air exiting the first port may be drawn by the relatively warmer air exiting the second port into develop into an air film traversing up along the surface above the fireplace. This air film of relatively cooler air may function as an insulating layer separating the surface above the fireplace from the relatively warmer air exiting the second port.
In one embodiment of the present invention, air entering the first flow path may be a portion of the air entering the air space between the outer enclosure and the combustion chamber enclosure, through an opening at the bottom of the front face of the fireplace. In another embodiment, air entering the flow path may be the air directly from the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. In a further embodiment, air entering the flow path may be from a source outside the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. One example of such source for air may be the outdoors.
Another embodiment of the instant invention may include a continuous flow path defined by a channel along the surfaces of the outer enclosure wherein the channel may be spaced apart from the combustion chamber enclosure. In one such embodiment, the channel may traverse the depth between the front and the back of the bottom surface of the outer enclosure, continuing to traverse the height between the top and bottom of the back surface of the outer enclosure, and further continuing to traverse the depth between the front and the back of the top surface of the outer enclosure. Air from the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located may be drawn into the flow channel along the bottom surface of the outer enclosure, and exit at the top front face of the fireplace. The relatively cooler air may be drawn by the relatively warmer air exiting from the top front face of the fireplace into develop into an air film traversing up along the surface above the fireplace. This air film of relatively cooler air may function as an insulating layer separating the surface above the fireplace from the relatively warmer air also exiting from the top front face of the fireplace.
In an alternate embodiment, the flow channel may be along the back and top surfaces of the outer enclosure. In another embodiment, the flow channel may be in the top surface of the outer enclosure. In yet another embodiment, air drawn into the flow channel may be from a source of air outside the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. In one such instance, the source of air may be the outdoors.
In one embodiment of the present invention, air may be drawn into and exit from the air space due to natural convection. In another embodiment, an air blower may be employed to induce air flow through the air space. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, air may be drawn into and exit from the air channel due to natural convection. In a further embodiment, an air blower may be employed to induce air flow through the air channel.
While multiple embodiments of the instant invention are disclosed, still other embodiments may become apparent to those skilled in the art. The following detailed description shows and describes illustrative embodiments of the present invention. As will be realized, the embodiment are capable of modifications in various aspects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A conventional fireplace 10, shown in
A fireplace 50 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in
During operation, air stream 20 may be drawn into air space 16, heated, and divided into a first air stream 60 and a second air stream 64. First air stream 60 may flow through first flow path 58 and exit fireplace 50 as air stream 62. Second air stream 64 may flow through second flow path 66 wherein it may be further heated by the heat of combustion transferred through top surface 56 of combustion chamber enclosure 14. Second air stream 64 exiting fireplace 50 as air streams 68 and 70 may be relatively warmer than air stream 62 and may draw the relatively cooler air stream 62 to flow upwards and along surface 24 above the front face of fireplace 50 and function as an insulating layer of relatively cooler air separating surface 24 from the relatively warmer air stream 70 which may also be flowing in a generally upward direction. The relative temperatures of the air streams exiting fireplace 50 may dictate the flow dynamics at the exit. In one embodiment of the present invention, the air streams may mix upon exiting fireplace 50. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the temperature of surface 24 associated with fireplace 50 may be less than the temperature of surface 24 associated with fireplace 10.
In an embodiment of the present invention, flow divider 52 may include a heat insulating material for minimizing heat transfer between flow paths 58 and 66. In an alternate embodiment, flow divider 52 itself may be formed from a heat insulating material.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a side view of fireplace 90 is illustrated in
In one embodiment of the present invention, port 98 may include a flow damper 110 for regulating the flow of air stream 100. Damper 110 may be one of several different designs and operational characteristics as is well known in the art. In one instance, damper 110 may be a motorized damper. In another instance, damper 110 may be gravity operated such that port 98 may be closed when damper 110 is in its normal position, and port 98 may be opened when inducement by a draft of air stream 100.
During operation, air stream 100 may be drawn into first flow path 96 and exit fireplace 90 as air stream 102. Also, air stream 20 may be drawn into air space 16, heated, flow through second flow path 112 wherein it may be further heated by the heat of combustion transferred through top surface 56 of combustion chamber enclosure 14, and then exit fireplace 90 as air streams 104 and 106. In one such embodiment, air streams 104 and 106 may be relatively warmer than air stream 102 and may draw the relatively cooler air stream 102 into flowing upwards and along surface 24 above the front face of fireplace 90 and function as an insulating layer of relatively cooler air separating surface 24 from the relatively warmer air stream 106 which may also be flowing in a generally upward direction. The relative temperatures of the air streams exiting fireplace 90 may dictate the flow dynamics at the exit. In one embodiment of the present invention, the air streams may mix upon exiting fireplace 90.
Air stream 100 entering first flow path 96 may be drawn from one or more sources of air, either singularly or in combination. In one embodiment, the source of air stream 100 may be the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. In another embodiment, air stream 100 may be from a source of air other than the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. An example of one such source of air may be the outdoors. Another example of such source of air may be the fireplace chase. Alternately, the source of air may be a conditioned space other than the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. In a further embodiment, the source of air may be an unconditioned space. In some instance, the source of air may be a space such as a basement of the structure wherein the fireplace is located. In an alternate embodiment, air stream 100 may be a combination of air from more than one source. An example of one such combination may be the outdoor and the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, such as that shown in
As illustrated in
In a further embodiment shown in
During operation, air stream 128 may be drawn into flow channel 126 and exit fireplace 120 as air stream 128. Also, air stream 20 may be drawn into air space 130, heated, and exit fireplace 120 as air streams 132 and 134. In one such embodiment, air streams 132 and 134 may be relatively warmer than air stream 128 and may draw the relatively cooler air stream 128 into flowing upwards and along surface 24 above the front face of fireplace 120 and function as an insulating layer of relatively cooler air separating surface 24 from the relatively warmer air stream 134 which may also be flowing in a generally upward direction. The relative temperatures of the air streams exiting fireplace 120 may dictate the flow dynamics at the exit. In one embodiment of the present invention, the air streams may mix upon exiting fireplace 120.
Air stream 128 entering flow channel 126 may be drawn from one or more sources of air, either singularly or in combination. In one embodiment, the source of air stream 128 may be the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. In another embodiment, air stream 128 may be from a source of air other than the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. An example of one such source of air may be the outdoors. Another example of such source of air may be the fireplace chase. Alternately, the source of air may be a conditioned space other than the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located. In a further embodiment, the source of air may be an unconditioned space. In some instance, the source of air may be a space such as a basement of the structure wherein the fireplace is located. In an alternate embodiment, air stream 128 may be a combination of air from more than one source. An example of one such combination may be the outdoor and the conditioned space wherein the fireplace is located.
During operation, an air stream may be drawn into flow channel 156 and exit fireplace 150 as air stream 158. Also, air stream 20 may be drawn into air space 130, heated, and exit fireplace 150 as air streams 160 and 162. In one such embodiment, air streams 160 and 162 may be relatively warmer than air stream 158 and may draw the relatively cooler air stream 158 into flowing upwards and along surface 24 above the front face of fireplace 150 and function as an insulating layer of relatively cooler air separating surface 24 from the relatively warmer air stream 162 which may also be flowing in a generally upward direction. The relative temperatures of the air streams exiting fireplace 150 may dictate the flow dynamics at the exit. In one embodiment of the present invention, the air streams may mix upon exiting fireplace 150.
A plan view of fireplace 300 including flow divider 190 positioned therein is illustrated in
Further embodiments of a fireplace with one or more flow dividers may be envisioned. In one such instance, the fireplace may include one or more flow dividers arranged in a manner which is all and/or part of a combination of the embodiments of
Various modifications and additions may be made to the exemplary embodiments presented hereinabove without departing from the scope and intent of the present invention. For example, while the disclosed embodiments refer to particular features, the scope of the instant invention is considered to also include embodiments having different combinations of features that do not include all of the features described herein. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as falling within the scope and intent of the appended claims, including all equivalents thereof.
Claims
1. A fireplace, comprising:
- an outer enclosure;
- a combustion chamber enclosure positioned within and spaced apart from said outer enclosure; and
- a flow divider within the space between a top wall of said combustion chamber enclosure and a top wall of said outer enclosure.
2. The fireplace of claim 1, wherein said flow divider extends from a back of said fireplace to a front of said fireplace.
3. The fireplace of claim 2, wherein said flow divider angles upward as said flow divider extends from the back to the front of said fireplace.
4. The fireplace of claim 1, further comprising:
- a first flow path defined by the space between the top wall of said outer enclosure and said flow divider; and
- a second flow path defined by the space between said flow divider and the top wall of said combustion chamber enclosure.
5. The fireplace of claim 4, wherein said first flow path is in fluid communication with a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
6. The fireplace of claim 5, wherein said first flow path is in fluid communication with said conditioned space above a portion of a front face of said fireplace.
7. The fireplace of claim 5, wherein said first flow path is in fluid communication with said conditioned space above a center portion of a front face of said fireplace.
8. The fireplace of claim 5, including said first flow path in fluid communication with a source of air from outside said conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
9. The fireplace of claim 8, wherein said source of air is outdoor air.
10. The fireplace of claim 8, wherein said source of air is a fireplace chase.
11. The fireplace of claim 8, wherein said source of air is a conditioned space different from said conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
12. The fireplace of claim 8, wherein said source of air is an unconditioned space.
13. The fireplace of claim 8, wherein said source of air is a basement of a structure wherein said fireplace is located.
14. The fireplace of claim 8, further comprising a flow damper, said flow damper configured to regulate flow from said source of air.
15. The fireplace of claim 14, wherein said flow damper is motorized.
16. The fireplace of claim 14, wherein said flow damper is gravity operated.
17. The fireplace of claim 5, including said first flow path in fluid communication with a source of air from within a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
18. The fireplace of claim 4, wherein said second flow path is in fluid communication with a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
19. The fireplace of claim 4, wherein air in said first flow path is relatively cooler than air in said second flow path.
20. The fireplace of claim 19, wherein air exiting said first flow path mixes with air exiting said second flow path.
21. The fireplace of claim 4, wherein a front edge of said flow divider is configured as a flow diverter.
22. The fireplace of claim 21, wherein said front edge is angled in a generally upward direction.
23. The fireplace of claim 21, wherein said front edge is angled in a generally downward direction.
24. The fireplace of claim 4, wherein air exiting said first flow path forms an air layer along and adjacent a surface above a front face of said fireplace.
25. The fireplace of claim 24, wherein said air exiting said first flow path separates air exiting said second flow path from said surface above said fireplace.
26. The fireplace of claim 4, further comprising a third flow path defined by the space between bottom walls, side walls and back walls of said combustion chamber enclosure and said outer enclosure.
27. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein said third flow path is in fluid communication with a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
28. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein said first flow path is in fluid communication with said third flow path.
29. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein said second flow path is in fluid communication with said third flow path.
30. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein said flow divider divides said third flow path into said first flow path and said second flow path.
31. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein air in said third flow path is heated by said fireplace.
32. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein:
- air from a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located enters said third flow path;
- said flow divider divides the air in said third flow path into a first air stream entering said first flow path and a second air stream entering said second flow path;
- said second air stream in said second flow path exits into said conditioned space; and
- said first air stream in said first flow path exits into said conditioned space as an air layer along and adjacent a surface above a front face of said fireplace.
33. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein said first air stream exits between said second air stream exiting said second flow path and said surface above said fireplace.
34. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein said first air stream exits as an air curtain.
35. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein said first air stream exits as an air film along said surface above said fireplace.
36. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein said first air stream is relatively cooler than said second air stream.
37. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein said surface above said front face of said fireplace is relatively cooler than in absence of said first air stream.
38. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein a temperature of said surface above said front face of said fireplace is relatively lower than in absence of said first air stream.
39. The fireplace of claim 32, wherein said first air stream and said second air stream mix upon exiting said fireplace.
40. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein:
- air from a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located enters said third flow path;
- the air in said third flow path flows through said second flow path and exits into said conditioned space; and
- air from a source of air outside said conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located enters said first flow path and exits into said conditioned space as an air layer along and adjacent a surface above a front face of said fireplace.
41. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein said first air stream exits between said second air stream exiting said second flow path and said surface above said fireplace.
42. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein said source of air is outdoor air.
43. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein said source of air is a fireplace chase.
44. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein said source of air is a conditioned space different from said conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
45. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein said source of air is an unconditioned space.
46. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein said source of air is a basement of a structure wherein said fireplace is located.
47. The fireplace of claim 40, wherein air in said first flow path and air in said second flow path mix upon exiting said fireplace.
48. The fireplace of claim 26, wherein:
- air from a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located enters said third flow path;
- the air in said third flow path flows through said second flow path and exits into said conditioned space; and
- air from said conditioned space enters said first flow path and exits into said conditioned space as an air layer along and adjacent a surface above a front face of said fireplace.
49. The fireplace of claim 48, wherein said first air stream exits between said second air stream exiting said second flow path and said surface above said fireplace.
50. The fireplace of claim 48, wherein air in said first flow path and air in said second flow path mix upon exiting said fireplace.
51. The fireplace of claim 1, further comprising at least one or more air blower.
52. The fireplace of claim 1, wherein one or more sides of said flow divider are fixedly attached to one or more surfaces of said outer enclosure.
53. The fireplace of claim 1, further comprising one or more flow paths along said one or more surfaces of said outer enclosure.
54. The fireplace of claim 53, wherein said one or more flow paths is defined by one or more openings between said one or more surfaces of said outer enclosure and an adjacent side of said flow divider.
55. The fireplace of claim 1, wherein one or more sides of said flow divider are snugly attached to one or more surfaces of said outer enclosure.
56. The fireplace of claim 55, further comprising one or more flow paths along said one or more surfaces of said outer enclosure.
57. The fireplace of claim 56, wherein said one or more flow paths is defined by one or more openings between said one or more surfaces of said outer enclosure and an adjacent side of said flow divider.
58. The fireplace of claim 1, wherein said flow divider comprises a heat insulator material.
59. The fireplace of claim 1, wherein said flow divider is a heat insulating material.
60. A method for reducing a temperature of a surface above a front face of a fireplace, the method comprising the step of distinguishing air exiting said fireplace into a first air stream and a second air stream, wherein said first air stream forms an air layer along and adjacent a surface above a front face of said fireplace.
61. The method of claim 60, wherein said first air stream exits said fireplace above said second air stream.
62. The method according to claim 60, wherein said first air stream is relatively cooler than said second air stream.
63. The method of claim 60, wherein said first air stream entering said fireplace comprises air from a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
64. The method of claim 60, wherein said first air stream entering said fireplace comprises a source of air other than a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
65. The method of claim 64, wherein said source of air is outside air.
66. The method of claim 60, further comprising the step of drawing a third air stream into said fireplace.
67. The method of claim 66, wherein said third air stream is drawn from a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
68. A method for reducing the heating of a surface above a front face of a fireplace, the method comprising the step of dividing air exiting said fireplace into a first air stream and a second air stream, wherein said first air stream forms an air layer along and adjacent a surface above a front face of said fireplace.
69. A fireplace, comprising means for reducing a temperature of a surface above a front face of a fireplace.
70. The fireplace of claim 69, further comprising means for enabling a layer of relatively cooler air along and adjacent said surface above said fireplace.
71. A fireplace, comprising:
- an outer enclosure;
- a combustion chamber enclosure positioned within and spaced apart from said outer enclosure; and
- at least one flow channel along at least one surface of said outer enclosure, said flow channel spaced apart from said combustion chamber enclosure.
72. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel traverses a depth of said outer enclosure.
73. The fireplace of claim 72, wherein said flow channel extends along a top surface between a front and a back of said outer enclosure.
74. The fireplace of claim 72, wherein said flow channel extends along a bottom surface between a front and a back of said outer enclosure.
75. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel traverses a height of said outer enclosure.
76. The fireplace of claim 75, wherein said flow channel extends along a back surface between a bottom and a top of said outer enclosure.
77. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel traverses a height of said outer enclosure, and wherein said flow channel further traverses at least one depth of said outer enclosure.
78. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel comprises a continuous channel traversing:
- the depth of said outer enclosure along a bottom surface of said outer enclosure;
- the height of said outer enclosure along a back surface of said outer enclosure; and
- the depth of said outer enclosure along a top surface of said outer enclosure.
79. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel is in fluid communication with a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located.
80. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel is in fluid communication with a conditioned space wherein said fireplace is located and said flow channel is in further fluid communication with a source of air other than said conditioned space.
81. The fireplace of claim 80, wherein said source of air is outdoor air.
82. The fireplace of claim 71, wherein said flow channel is along a top surface of said outer enclosure.
83. The fireplace of claim 71, further comprising an air blower.
84. A fireplace, comprising:
- an outer enclosure;
- a combustion chamber enclosure positioned within and spaced apart from said outer enclosure;
- one or more flow divider in the space between a surface of said outer enclosure and a corresponding surface of said combustion chamber enclosure.
85. The fireplace of claim 84, wherein said one or more flow divider is on a left side of said fireplace.
86. The fireplace of claim 84, wherein said one or more flow divider is on a right side of said fireplace.
87. The fireplace of claim 84, wherein said one or more flow divider extends from a back of said fireplace to a front of said fireplace.
88. The fireplace of claim 84, wherein air exiting from a space between said one or more flow divider and said surface of said outer enclosure is relatively cooler than air exiting from a space between said one or more flow divider and said corresponding surface of said combustion chamber enclosure.
89. The fireplace of claim 84, wherein said one or more flow divider extends from said surface of said outer enclosure to said corresponding surface of said combustion chamber enclosure.
90. The fireplace of claim 89, wherein air exiting from a space above said one or more flow divider is relatively cooler than air exiting from a space below said one or more flow divider.
91. The fireplace of claim 84, further comprising:
- said one or more flow divider on a left side of said fireplace; and
- said one or more flow divider on a right side of said fireplace.
92. The fireplace of claim 84, further comprising:
- said one or more flow divider between a side surface of said outer enclosure and a corresponding side surface of said combustion chamber enclosure; and
- said one or more flow divider between a top surface of said outer enclosure and a top surface of said combustion chamber enclosure.
93. The fireplace of claim 84, further comprising:
- said one or more flow divider between a left side surface of said outer enclosure and a corresponding left side surface of said combustion chamber enclosure;
- said one or more flow divider between a right side surface of said outer enclosure and a corresponding right side surface of said combustion chamber enclosure; and
- said one or more flow divider between a top surface of said outer enclosure and a top surface of said combustion chamber enclosure.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 8, 2006
Publication Date: Sep 27, 2007
Applicant: HNI Technologies Inc. (Muscatine, IA)
Inventors: Richard Berg (Lakeville, MN), Todd Weir (Edina, MN), Thomas Early (Hager City, WI)
Application Number: 11/276,640
International Classification: F24B 1/18 (20060101);