Light Weight Metal Framing Member
The present invention provides for a lightweight metal framing member having a plurality of depressions and a plurality of reinforcing ribs on the surface thereof, the depressions and ribs both being inwardly oriented and cooperating to aid in stiffening of the metal stud. The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a metal framing member having a plurality of depressions and a plurality of reinforcing ribs on the surface thereof, the depressions and ribs both being inwardly oriented and cooperating to aid in stiffening of the metal stud. The method utilizes a cold roll forming apparatus having a first roller with a plurality of projections on its surface and a second roller having a surface provided with holes aligned with the projections on the surface of the first roller to form the depressions in the surface of the material having clearly defined edges generally aligned with the plane of the metal sheet. A second roll forming apparatus is used having a first roller with projections on its surface to form the reinforcing ribs in the surface of the sheet material and a second roller to allow for a softer transition between the surface of the sheet material and the edges of the reinforcing ribs and so as not to unduly deform the depressions formed in the first roll forming step. A third roll forming apparatus is used having rollers to form the metal stud or track.
The present invention relates to metal framing members for use in constructing partition walls. In particular, the invention relates to metal studs and tracks for use in partition walls wherein the stud or track is provided with one or more patterns of projections to stiffen the material utilized in forming the metal stud or track and to enhance screw gripping.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONIt is common practice in residential and many commercial buildings to separate the various rooms by partition walls to define the space of the room. Such partition walls are generally load bearing and have in the past been constructed of wood members including top and bottom plates and bridging studs. The use of wood members has its shortcomings, the supply of lumber is getting scarce, costs have increased during recent years. In addition, wood can warp and go out of shape when it becomes wet as well as being susceptible to fire damage and attack by vermin of various kinds.
In recent years, partition walls framed with sheet metal members have been employed. The use of sheet metal members provides advantages of dimensional stability, ease of manufacturing and conservation of natural resources among others. However, the use of sheet metal framing members has not gained widespread acceptance for various reasons. For example, the cost of the materials utilized to form metal studs has been increasing and the price advantages of metal studs over wood studs is decreasing. There have been attempts in the past to reduce the cost of the material utilized to form the metal stud by providing stiffening structures to the metal to allow a thinner and less expensive metal to be used for a particular duty. For example, Swiss Patent CH486281 describes a sheet material having rows of alternating projections and depressions, the rows of the projections and depressions offset such that the projections and depressions alternate along the length of the material. Similarly, Canadian Patent Application No. 2, 149,914 describes a stud for use in partition walls where the sheet material to form the stud is provided with projections on opposite surfaces of the material to leave a corresponding depression at the opposite face of the material, the positions of the projections and depressions at each surface of the material being such that lines drawn on the surface of the material between adjacent rows of projections and depressions are not rectilinear. While this arrangement is said to allow the production of studs from a thinner starting material, the manufacturing process required two offset rollers each being provided with projections to form the projections and depressions on opposite sides of the metal sheet.
Another problem with the use of metal framing members is that as the screws are being driven into the metal framing member, there is a tendency for the flange of the stud or track to deflect from the screw tip pressure and the tip of the screw may slip along the surface of the metal framing member and not be properly driven through the metal framing member at a generally perpendicular angle. Angular screw gripping is especially critical when applying wall sheeting material since often when a screw is being installed, the side of the stud or track may deflect as pressure is applied to install the screw. The deflection of the side wall will create an angle between the screw and the sidewall, even if the screw is applied at right angles to the wall sheeting material. In the past, manufacturers of metal studs have provided a dimpling on the surfaces of the metal stud to capture the tip of the screw and reduce the tendency of the screw to slip along the surface, but such dimpling creates negligible increased stud strength.
There still remains a need for a lightweight metal framing member which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides for a lightweight metal framing member having a plurality of depressions and a plurality of reinforcing ribs on the surfaces thereof, the depressions and ribs both being inwardly oriented and cooperating to significantly aid in stiffening of the metal framing member.
In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a metal framing member having a plurality of inwardly oriented depressions on the surfaces of the framing member to aid in stiffening of the metal frame member and enhance screw tip capture. Each of the depressions are formed with clearly defined edges to enhance screw tip capture of a screw entering the depression irrespective of the angle of entry into the depression of the screw tip.
In an aspect of the invention, the metal framing member is a stud having a generally rectangular C shaped cross section with two parallel spaced apart side walls and a central web bridging the side walls with the side walls terminating in inturned flanges or ledges. Each of the side walls, ledges and central web are provided with the plurality of depressions and reinforcing ribs.
In another aspect of the invention, the metal framing member is a track having a generally rectangular U shaped cross section with two parallel spaced apart side walls and a central web bridging the side walls. Each of the side walls and central web are provided with the plurality of depressions and the web is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs.
In another aspect of the invention, the central web bridging the side walls is in the form of a main central section bordered by raised narrow channel shaped edge ribs.
In another aspect of the invention, each of the depressions has a depth about 2 to 4 times the thickness of the metal from which the framing member is formed.
In another aspect of the invention, each of the depressions are round or knurled and have a diameter of about 0.10 inches.
In another aspect of the invention, the depressions are provided as a series of rows across the surface of the metal framing member.
In another aspect of the invention, the rows of depressions are offset from each other so that the depressions form a diamond pattern on the surface of the sheet material such that the rows can be moved closer together, increasing the number of depressions for reinforcement and screw attachment.
In another aspect of the invention, the spacing between the rows of depressions is about 0.10 inches and the spacing between the depressions in each row is about 0.20 inches.
In another aspect of the invention, the ribs on the surfaces of the stud, except for the narrow edge ribs are arranged diagonally across at least one half of the width and depth of the stud.
In another aspect of the invention, the ribs have a width of about 0.20 to 0.30 inches wide, preferably about 0.25 inches wide and a depth of about 0.05 to 0.15 inches deep preferrably about 0.10 inches deep.
In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a metal framing member having a plurality of depressions and a plurality of reinforcing ribs on the surface thereof, the depressions and ribs both being inwardly oriented and cooperating to aid in stiffening of the metal framing member. The method comprises passing a suitably dimensioned sheet material through a cold roll forming apparatus having a first roller with a plurality of projections on its surface to press into the sheet metal material and form the depressions in the surface of the material and a second roller having holes corresponding to the projections of the first roller to provide well defined edges to the depressions. The sheet material is then passed through a second roll forming apparatus having a first roller with projections on its surface to form the reinforcing ribs in the surface of the sheet material and a second roller having a surface to allow for a softer transition between the surface of the sheet material and the edges of the reinforcing ribs as well as to not unduly deform the depressions within the rib. The sheet material is then passed through a third roll forming apparatus having rollers to form the metal framing member.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the attached drawings in which:
The present invention is directed to metal framing members such as metal studs 10 and tracks 12 utilized in framing partition walls 14 as illustrated in
As illustrated in
The surface of the metal sheet from which the metal stud 10 or tracks 12 is formed is provided with a plurality of depressions 28 formed therein to aid in stiffening of the metal from which the stud 10 or track 12 is formed. As illustrated in
In addition to the depressions 28, the metal from which the stud 10 or track 12 is formed is also preferably provided with a plurality of reinforcing projections such as ribs 30 which extend across at least a portion of the sheet to further aid in stiffening of the material from which the stud 10 or track 12 is formed.
Each of the depressions 28 and the reinforcing ribs 30 are formed on the same surface of the material from which the stud 10 or track 12 is to be formed such that the depressions 28 and reinforcing ribs 30 are oriented to the inside of the formed metal stud 10 or track 12. In this way, the depressions 28 and ribs 30 do not interfere with the placing of the metal stud 10 within the top 12a and bottom plates 12b nor do they interfere with the placement of the covering materials 18 on the formed walls 14. An additional benefit of the provision of the depressions 28 on both the stud 10 and track 12 is that as the stud 10 is placed within the track 12, the depressions 28 of the stud 10 and track 12 interlock to help hold the stud 10 in the desired location within the track 12 during the framing of the partition walls 14.
The number, size, spacing and shape of the depressions 28 is selected to provide the desired reinforcement to the sheet material from which the stud or track will be formed. Preferrably, as illustrated in the figures, the depressions 28 are provided as a series of rows offset from each other so that the depressions 28 form a diamond pattern on the surface of the sheet material. By offsetting the rows of depressions 28, the depressions 28 can be placed closer together, providing a larger number of depressions 28 on the metal sheet 38 increasing the reinforcement of the metal sheet 38 as well as further reducing the possibility of screw tip slippage. The spacing between the rows of depressions 28 is typically on the order of about 0.10 inches and the depressions 28 are spaced apart in the row about 0.20 inches. Thus, the depressions 28 adjacent each other in adjacent rows would be spaced apart about 0.144 inches. While these dimensions are preferred, variations of the dimensions may be used. While various shapes of the depressions can be selected such as circular, oval or diamond, preferrably, each of the depressions 28 is circular in shape having a diameter of approximately 0.10 inches and a depth of approximately 0.03 to 0.06 inches deep, preferrably about 0.04 to 0.05 inches deep. For a typical metal sheet 38, this results in the projections on the opposite side of the metal sheet 38 having a thickness of approximately 2-4 times the thickness of the metal sheet material.
Once the depressions 28 are formed in the metal sheet material 38, the metal sheet material 38 is then passed through a second roll forming apparatus having a first roller 50 with projections 52 on its surface to form the reinforcing ribs 30 in the surface of the sheet material 38. This second apparatus also has a second roller 54 which allows for a softer transition between the surface of the sheet material and the edges of the reinforcing ribs 30. As shown in
As illustrated in the figures, preferrably the ribs 30 have a width approximately 0.20 to 0.3 inches wide, preferably about 0.25 inches wide and a depth approximately 0.05 to 0.15 inches deep preferrably about 0.1 inches deep.
Once the sheet material 38 has been passed through the roll forming apparatus to form the depressions 28 and reinforcing ribs 30 in the surface, it is then passed through the typical roll forming apparatus to form the final C-channel shape of the metal stud 10 or U-channel shape of the track 12.
While in the preferred embodiment illustrated, the reinforcing ribs 30 which extend across the metal sheet from which the stud 10 is formed are a herringbone or chevron shape or a quilted pattern, other shapes of reinforcing ribs 30 may also be provided which will provide for the required stiffening of the sheet material 38. For the track 12, preferably the ribs 30 extend horizontally across only a portion of the surface of the material 38 from which the central web 34 of the track 12 is formed and do not extend to the sidewalls 32. The absence of ribs 30 adjacent to or on the sidewalls 32 of the track 12 allows for a better fit between the stud 10 and track 12 and better interlock of the stud and track depressions 28. By eliminating the ribs 30 in the vertically oriented sidewalls 32 of the track 12, the stud 10 and track 12 will interlock on assembly and the depressions 28 on the stud 10 and track 12 being equally spaced will also interlock providing free standing stud location until the screws 16 are applied to firmly join the stud 10 and track 12. In addition, by the proper spacing of the ribs 30, the ribs 30 may also be utilized for indexing of the track length for ease of cutting the track 12 in the field to the desired length as well as for placement of the studs 10 at the proper spacing within the track 12. For example, the ribs 30 could be provided every 1 inch along the length of the track 12 to provide a built in indexing ruler for the track.
The method and apparatus used to form the depressions and reinforcing ribs 30 is usable with any size stud 10 or track 12 because of the orientation and pattern of the depressions 28 and reinforcing ribs 30. In this way, separate apparatus are not needed to produce the typical 1⅝, 2½ inch, 3⅝ inch, 6 inch or 8 inch studs and tracks. Rather, the feed fences for the apparatus are adjusted such that the sheet material for forming the stud or track is fed centered on the rollers of the roll forming apparatus.
The metal framing members of the present invention provide for a metal stud and track having increased strength compared to metal studs and tracks made from plain sheet material of the same thickness. In addition, the provision of the depressions on the surface of the metal framing member as well as the shaping of the depressions allows for capture of the tip of the screw as it is being driven through the metal framing member reducing the likelihood of the screw slipping along the surface of the metal framing member irrespective of angle at which the screw tip encounters the sidewall as a result of the sidewall deflection during assembly causing an angular intersection between the screw tip and the sidewall.
Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described herein in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A lightweight metal framing member formed from a sheet of metal having a plurality of depressions and a plurality of reinforcing ribs extending across on the surface thereof, the depressions and ribs both being inwardly oriented and cooperating to aid in stiffening of the metal framing member.
2. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 1, wherein the metal framing member is a metal stud having a generally rectangular C shaped cross section with two parallel spaced apart side walls and a central web bridging the side walls, said side walls terminating in inturned ledges.
3. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 2, wherein each of the depressions has a depth about 2 to 4 times the thickness of the metal from which the stud is formed.
4. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 3, wherein each of the depressions is round or knurled and has a diameter of about 0.10 inches.
5. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 4, wherein the depressions are provided as a series of rows across the surface of the metal sheet from which the stud was formed.
6. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 5, wherein the rows of depressions are offset from each other so that the depressions form a diamond pattern on the surface of the sheet material from which the stud was formed and may be located closer together.
7. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 6, wherein the spacing between the rows of depressions is about 0.10 inches and the spacing between the depressions in each row is about 0.20 inches.
8. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 7, wherein the ribs are arranged diagonally across at least one half of the width of the metal sheet from which the stud was formed.
9. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 8, wherein the ribs have a width of about 0.20 to 0.3 inches wide, and a depth of about 0.05 to 0.15 inches deep.
10. A method of manufacturing a metal framing member having a plurality of depressions and a plurality of reinforcing ribs on the surface thereof, the depressions and ribs both being inwardly oriented and cooperating to aid in stiffening of the metal framing member, the method comprises
- a) passing a suitably dimensioned metal sheet material through a cold roll forming apparatus having a first roller with a plurality of projections on its surface and a second roller having a surface provided with holes aligned with the projections on the surface of the first roller to form the depressions in the surface of the material having clearly defined edges generally aligned with the plane of the metal sheet,
- b) passing the sheet material through a second roll forming apparatus having a first roller with projections on its surface to form the reinforcing ribs in the surface of the sheet material and a second roller to allow for a softer transition between the surface of the sheet material and the edges of the reinforcing ribs and not unduly deform or flatten any of the depressions formed in the first roll forming apparatus, and
- c) passing the sheet material through a third roll forming apparatus having rollers to form the metal framing member.
11. A method of manufacturing a metal framing member according to claim 10 wherein the reinforcing ribs extend diagonally across at least one half of the surface of the sheet material and the first roll forming apparatus and second roll forming apparatus are aligned such that a row of depressions is formed at the apex of each of the reinforcing ribs.
12. A lightweight metal stud formed from a sheet of metal having rows of depressions and rows of reinforcing ribs extending across the surface thereof, the depressions and ribs being inwardly oriented and cooperating to stiffen said sheet, said metal stud formed from said sheet having a generally rectangular C cross-section having a central web between spaced side walls, said side walls terminating in inturned ledges.
13. A lightweight metal stud as claimed in claim 12 in which said central web comprises a main central section bordered by channel shaped ribs extending longitudinally of said stud, said longitudinal channel shaped ribs projecting beyond said main central web section in a direction opposite to the inwardly oriented rows of reinforcing ribs and projections.
14. A lightweight metal stud as claimed in claim 13 wherein each of said depressions has a depth of about 2 to 4 times the thickness of the metal from which the stud is formed.
15. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 14 wherein each of the depressions is round and has a diameter of about 0.10 inches.
16. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 15 wherein the rows of depressions are offset from each other so that the depressions are closer together and form a diamond pattern on the surface of the sheet material from which the stud was formed.
17. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 13 wherein the spacing between the rows of depressions is about 0.10 inches and the spacing between the depressions in each row is about 0.20 inches.
18. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 17 wherein the ribs are arranged diagonally across at least one half of the width of the metal sheet from which the stud was formed.
19. A lightweight metal stud according to claim 18 wherein the ribs at a width of about 0.20 to 0.3 inches, and a depth of about 0.05 to 0.15 inches.
20. A method as claimed in claim 10 in which said first roller in step (a) forms said depressions in a diamond shaped arrangement.
21. A method as claimed in claim 20 in which said first roller in step (b) forms said reinforcing ribs so that they are at an angle to a line drawn transversely of the width of said metal sheet.
22. A method as claimed in claim 20 in which said first roller in step (b) forms said reinforcing ribs so that they have a herringbone or quilted pattern.
23. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 1, wherein the metal framing member is a metal track having a generally rectangular U shaped cross section with two parallel spaced apart side walls and a central web bridging the side walls.
24. A lightweight metal track according to claim 23, wherein each of the depressions has a depth about 2 to 4 times the thickness of the metal from which the stud is formed.
25. A lightweight metal track according to claim 24, wherein each of the depressions is round or knurled and has a diameter of about 0.10 inches.
26. A lightweight metal track according to claim 25, wherein the depressions are provided as a series of rows across the surface of the metal sheet from which the track was formed.
27. A lightweight metal track according to claim 26, wherein the rows of depressions are offset from each other so that the depressions are closer together and form a diamond pattern on the surface of the sheet material from which the track was formed.
28. A lightweight metal track according to claim 27, wherein the spacing between the rows of depressions is about 0.10 inches and the spacing between the depressions in each row is about 0.20 inches.
29. A lightweight metal track according to claim 28, wherein the ribs are arranged horizontally across a portion of the width of the metal sheet from which central web of the track was formed.
30. A lightweight metal track according to claim 29, wherein the ribs have a width of about 0.20 to 0.3 inches wide, and a depth of about 0.05 to 0.15 inches deep.
31. A lightweight metal track according to claim 30, wherein the ribs are evenly spaced along the length of the web of the track to provide an indexing of the length of the track.
32. A lightweight metal framing member formed from a sheet of metal having a plurality of depressions on the surface thereof, the depressions being inwardly oriented to aid in stiffening of the metal framing member and having clearly defined edges to enhance screw tip capture of a screw entering the depression irrespective of the angle of entry into the depression of the screw tip.
33. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 32, wherein each of the depressions has a depth about 2 to 4 times the thickness of the metal from which the framing member is formed.
34. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 33, wherein each of the depressions is round or knurled and has a diameter of about 0.10 inches.
35. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 34, wherein the depressions are provided as a series of rows across the surface of the metal sheet from which the stud was formed.
36. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 35, wherein the rows of depressions are offset from each other so that the depressions form a diamond pattern on the surface of the sheet material from which the framing member was formed and may be located closer together.
37. A lightweight metal framing member according to claim 36, wherein the spacing between the rows of depressions is about 0.10 inches and the spacing between the depressions in each row is about 0.20 inches.
38. A method according to claim 10 wherein said second roller of step (b) has a compressible surface.
39. A method according to claim 38 wherein said second roller of step (b) is a polyurethane roller.
40. A method according to claim 10 wherein said second roller of step (b) is provided with openings larger than the projections on the surface of the first roller of step (b) to allow for air bending of the ribs.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 14, 2006
Publication Date: May 15, 2008
Inventor: Robert Howchin (Milton)
Application Number: 11/559,634
International Classification: E04C 2/32 (20060101); E04C 3/32 (20060101); B21D 31/06 (20060101);