Method and apparatus for moving substantial quantities of water
A method and apparatus for slowing down or weakening a tropical storm such as a hurricane by using two scoops, each attached to opposite sides of a ship to force cool subsurface water to the surface so that the surface water temperature is reduced substantially over a relatively large area in front of the storm. The ship comprises a winch arrangement attached to a port scoop and a starboard scoop for lowering and raising the scoops. A second embodiment includes the addition of a port post and a starboard post each attached through a collar to a hinge on an upper portion of a port or starboard scoop and means for raising and lowering the posts. A third embodiment includes a refrigeration unit on the deck of a ship for further cooling of the subsurface water before returning it to the ocean surface.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to certain metrological events such as hurricanes, typhoons, cyclones and in particular to a method and apparatus for reducing the strength of a hurricane, typhoon or cyclone by moving a substantial volume of ocean water from a cooler subsurface level to the ocean surface thereby depriving such weather events of warm water needed to power themselves.
2. Description of Related Art
A hurricane is a storm system with a closed circulation around a center of low pressure, fueled by the heat released when moist air rises and condenses. Such a storm system depending on its strength and location may be called a tropical depression, tropical storm, tropical cyclone or typhoon. In the Atlantic Ocean and Eastern Pacific Ocean and adjoining land masses these storms are called hurricanes. In the Western Pacific Ocean and adjoining land masses, they are called typhoons, and in the Indian Ocean and adjoining land lasses they are called cyclones.
Tropical storms can produce extremely high winds, tornadoes, torrential rain and drive storm surge onto coastal areas. The effects of such storms can be catastrophic on populations and ships.
The factors to form a tropical storm include a pre-existing weather disturbance, warm tropical oceans, moisture, and relatively light winds aloft. If the right conditions persist and allow it to create a feedback loop by maximizing the energy intake possible, for example, such as high winds to increase the rate of evaporation, they can combine to produce the violent winds, incredible waves, torrential rains, and floods associated with this phenomenon.
Condensation as a driving force is what primarily distinguishes tropical cyclones from other meteorological phenomena. Because this is strongest in a tropical climate, this defines the initial domain of the tropical cyclone. By contrast mid-latitude cyclones draw energy mostly from pre-existing horizontal temperature gradients in the atmosphere. In order to continue to drive its heat engine, a tropical cyclone must remain over warm water, which provides the atmospheric moisture needed. The evaporation of this moisture is accelerated by the high winds and reduced atmospheric pressure in the storm, resulting in a positive feedback loop. As a result, when a tropical cyclone passes over land, its strength diminishes rapidly.
Attempts here have been made by the United States Government to weaken hurricanes by seeding selected storms with silver iodide which was suppose to cause super cooled water in outer rain bands to freeze causing an inner eyewall of the storm to collapse and thus reduce the winds. However, it was eventually determined that silver iodide seeding is not likely to have a desired effect because the amount of supercooled water in the rain bands of a tropical cyclone is too low.
United States Patent Publication No. 2005/0031417 by Kurt G. Hofer et al., published Feb. 10, 2005, discloses a method of using submerged gas diffusers to lift large quantities of deep ocean water toward the surface. The gas diffuser is employed to release millions of bubbles of air, the rising cloud of bubbles will entrain the surrounding waters and pull it toward the surface thereby moving cooler water to the ocean surface.
However, this method does not bring up enough cool water to be effective in weakening a hurricane.
United States Publication No. 2005/0133612 by Herbert Uram, published Jun. 23, 2005, discloses a method and apparatus for weakening the development of a tropical cyclone in their infancy by positioning one or more nuclear submarines beneath a tropical cyclone activity and pumping cool subsurface water to cool the surface water using the submarines. Large diameter hoses that can be flattened and wound up on reels in the submarine and are used to bring water into the submarine for further cooling and to take cooled water from the submarine to the surface. However, this method requires one or more submarines or nuclear submarines and attaching hoses between submarines which may not be practical especially in rough seas.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONAccordingly, it is therefore an object of this invention to provide a scoop apparatus on a ship to move cooler water below the ocean surface to the ocean surface in order to weaken a tropical storm such as a hurricane or cyclone.
It is another object of this invention to provide a port scoop and a starboard scoop on each side of a ship with means for lowering one end of both scoops below the ocean surface to bring cooler subsurface ocean water to the surface, thereby reducing the surface ocean water temperature.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide lowering and raising means for a port scoop and a starboard scoop comprising a pair of posts each extending through a collar to a hinge on an upper portion of said port scoop and said starboard scoop.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a refrigeration unit on a ship for receiving subsurface ocean water and after further cooling of said ocean water, exiting said ocean water to the ocean surface thereby reducing the ocean water surface temperature.
These and other objects are further accomplished by providing a method of moving a volume of ocean water from a cooler subsurface level to the ocean water surface to weaken a developing tropical storm comprising the steps of mounting a scoop on each side of a ship wherein a first end of the scoop rotates about a mounting means attached to the ship, stabilizing the scoop mounted on each side of the ship with bracing means between each scoop, and lowering and raising a second end of the scoop on each side of the ship, to a predetermined ocean depth when lowering the scoop, with means attached to each scoop wherein ocean water enters at the second end of the scoop and exits at the first end above the surface of the ocean water. The step of lowering a second end of the scoop to a predetermined depth with means attached to each scoop comprises the step of attaching a first end of a cable between a first scoop and a winch on the ship and attaching a second end of the cable between a second scoop and the winch. The step of stabilizing the scoop mounted on each side of the ship with bracing means comprises the step of providing a port brace attached to an upper portion of the port scoop, a starboard brace attached to an upper portion of the starboard scoop, and a horizontal bar attached to an upper end of the port brace and the starboard brace. The step of stabilizing the scoop mounted on each side of the ship with bracing means comprises the step of providing a lower scoop bracing around the hull of the ship having a first end attached to a first scoop and a second end attached to a second scoop. The step of lowering and raising the scoop mounted on each side of the ship comprises the steps of providing a port post attached through a port collar to a hinge on an upper portion of the port scoop, providing a starboard post attached through a starboard collar to a hinge on an upper portion of the starboard scoop, connecting the port post to the starboard post with a bridge, and securing the bridge to the ship when in a lowered position with locking means to stabilize the port scoop, the starboard scoop and the ship.
The objects are further accomplished by providing an apparatus for moving a volume of ocean water from a cooler lower level to the ocean water surface to weaken a developing hurricane type storm comprising a scoop mounted on each side of a ship wherein a first end of each scoop rotates about a mounting means attached to the ship, means for stabilizing the scoop mounted on each side of the ship, the stabilizing means comprises bracing between each scoop, and means for lowering and raising a second end of the scoop on each side of the ship, to a predetermined ocean depth when lowering the scoop, wherein ocean water enters the second end and exits at the first end to cool the surface of the ocean water. The mounting means comprises a hinge extending from the side of the ship for the first end of each scoop to rotate about the hinge. The lowering and raising means comprises a first end of a cable attached between a first scoop mounted on a port side of the ship and a winch on the ship and a second end of the cable attached between a second scoop mounted on a starboard side of the ship and the winch. The stabilizing means comprises a bar attached between two vertical sections, each of the vertical sections being attached to one of the scoops on each side of the ship. The stabilizing means comprises a lower scoop bracing arranged around a hull of the ship having a first end attached to a port scoop and a second end attached to a starboard scoop wherein the bracing follows the lowering and raising of the port scoop and the starboard scoop. The apparatus comprises a post on each side of the ship attached to a corresponding scoop on each side of the ship through a collar to a hinge on an upper portion of each scoop for lowering and raising each scoop.
The objects are further accomplished by providing an apparatus mounted on a ship for cooling ocean water to weaken a developing hurricane type storm comprising means for cooling ocean water, means extending into the ocean water for providing the ocean water to the cooling means, and means for discharging the cooled ocean water into the ocean. The cooling means comprises a refrigerator. The ocean water providing means extending into the ocean comprises tubing to draw the ocean water into the cooling means. The refrigerator comprises means for forming pieces of ice.
Additional objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments exemplifying the best mode of carrying out the invention as presently perceived.
The appended claims particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter of this invention. The various objects, advantages and novel features of this invention will be more fully apparent from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like parts, and in which:
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The scoop apparatus 10 mounted on the ship 12 provides an apparatus and method for attacking the threat of tropical storms such as hurricanes, cyclones and typhoons before such storms reach land fall and cause severe damage to property and humans. A plurality of ships each comprising the scoop apparatus 10 can weaken such storms by reducing one of their fuel sources which is warm water. Typically one to three ships will operate in front of the storm at speeds of approximately 25 MPH in paths perpendicular to the direction of the approaching storm. Cooler water is raised to the surface at a rate of 60,000 cubic feet per second with coverage of 300 feet to 400 feet wide.
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A cable 28 is wound though the drum winch 24 and one end of cable 28 attaches to an eyehook 40 on the top of the port scoop 14 and the other end of the cable 28 attaches to eye hook 41 on the top of the starboard scoop 16. An electric motor (not shown) attached to drum winch 24 controls the turning of the drum winch 24 resulting in the lowering and raising of the port scoop 14 and the starboard scoop 16. The cable 28 is approximately 0.75 inches in diameter. The drum winch 24 is known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
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This invention has been disclosed in terms of several preferred embodiments. It will be apparent that many modifications can be made to the disclosed method and apparatus without departing from the invention. Therefore, it is the intent of the appended claims to cover all such variations and modifications as come within the true spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A method of moving a volume of ocean water from a cooler subsurface level to the ocean water surface to weaken a developing hurricane type storm comprising the steps of:
- mounting a scoop on each side of a ship wherein a first end of said scoop rotates about a mounting means attached to said ship;
- stabilizing said scoop mounted on each side of said ship with bracing means between each scoop; and
- lowering and raising a second end of said scoop on each side of said ship, to a predetermined ocean depth when lowering said scoop, with means attached to each scoop wherein ocean water enters at said second end of said scope and exits at said first end to cool said surface of said ocean water.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of lowering a second end of said scoop to a predetermined depth with means attached to each scoop comprises the step of attaching a first end of a cable between a first scoop and a winch on said ship and attaching a second end of said cable between a second scoop and said winch.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of stabilizing said scoop mounted on each side of said ship with bracing means comprises the step of providing a port brace attached to an upper portion of said port scoop, a starboard brace attached to an upper portion of said starboard scoop, and a horizontal bar attached to an upper end of said port brace and said starboard brace.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of stabilizing said scoop mounted on each side of said ship with bracing means comprises the step of providing a lower scoop bracing around the hull of said ship having a first end attached to a port scoop and a second end attached to a starboard scoop.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of lowering and raising said scoop mounted on each side of said ship comprises the steps of:
- providing a port post attached through a port collar to a hinge on an upper portion of said port scoop;
- providing a starboard post attached through a starboard collar to a hinge on an upper portion of said starboard scoop;
- connecting said port post to said starboard post with a bridge; and
- securing said bridge to said ship when in a lowered position with locking means to stabilize said port scoop, said starboard scoop and said ship.
6. An apparatus for moving a volume of ocean water from a cooler lower level to the ocean water surface to weaken a developing hurricane type storm comprising:
- a scoop mounted on each side of a ship wherein a first end of each scoop rotates about a mounting means attached to said ship;
- means for stabilizing said scoop mounted on each side of said ship, said stabilizing means comprises bracing between each scoop; and
- means for lowering and raising a second end of said scoop on each side of said ship, to a predetermined ocean depth when lowering said scoop, wherein ocean water enters said second end and exits at said first end to cool said surface of said ocean water.
7. The apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said mounting means comprises a hinge extending from the side of said ship for said first end of each scoop to rotate about said hinge.
8. The apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said lowering and raising means comprises a first end of a cable attached between a first scoop mounted on a port side of said ship and a winch on said ship and a second end of said cable attached between a second scoop mounted on a starboard side of said ship and said winch.
9. The apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said stabilizing means comprises a bar attached between two vertical sections, each of said vertical sections being attached to one of said scoops on each side of said ship.
10. The apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said stabilizing means comprises a lower scoop bracing arranged around a hull of said ship having a first end attached to a port scoop and a second end attached to a starboard scoop wherein said bracing follows the lowering and raising of said port scoop and said starboard scoop.
11. The apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said apparatus comprises a post on each side of said ship attached to a corresponding scoop on each side of said ship through a collar to a hinge on an upper portion of each scoop for lowering and raising each scoop.
12. An apparatus mounted on a ship for cooling ocean water to weaken a developing hurricane type storm comprising:
- means for cooling ocean water;
- means extending into said ocean water for providing said ocean water to said cooling means;
- means for discharging said cooled ocean water from said cooling means into said ocean.
13. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 wherein said cooling means comprises a refrigerator.
14. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 wherein said ocean water providing means extending into said ocean water comprises tubing to draw said ocean water into said cooling means.
15. The apparatus as recited in claim 14 wherein said refrigerator comprises means for forming pieces of ice.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 18, 2007
Publication Date: Jul 24, 2008
Inventor: Hubert T. Kleysen (Winnipeg)
Application Number: 11/654,950
International Classification: E02B 1/00 (20060101);