Enhanced Press Apparatus
A system is disclosed for using a press tool with a limited work output to perform a multi-step press operation to complete a press where the work required for the completed press is greater than the limited work output of the tool. The system includes a press ring actuator assembly, a press ring assembly with multiple press ring sections, or a combination thereof, designed to facilitate multi-step press operations with adjustable engagement surfaces to complete the press with the press tool.
This application claims priority to PCT Application No. PCT/US05/42151, filed Nov. 21, 2005, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates generally to apparatus for pressing fittings to connect sections of pipe and, more particularly, apparatus for use in pressing such fittings.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONA compression fitting is typically a tubular sleeve containing seals. The fitting is compressed in radial directions to engage the ends of pipes. The compression fittings form a leak resistant joint between the pipe ends. The joint has considerable mechanical strength and is self-supporting. In order to compress the fitting, a pressing tool is used.
Pressing tools typically include a press tool containing a hydraulic cylinder with a piston and apparatus for converting the movement of the piston into forces that are applied to a press fitting in order to press the fitting to the pipe segments to be joined. For some pipe diameters, a press jaw is coupled to the press tool and the press jaw is placed about the fitting to be pressed. For such arrangements, the hydraulic piston in the press tool will typically include rollers that roll along a linear path when the piston is actuated to contact arms of the press jaw. When the tool is activated, the piston will move a fixed distance along a linear path to press the piston with its rollers against the arms. The rollers engage ends of the jaws in line engagement and cause them to pivot and press the compression fitting disposed between the jaws. An example of a press tool including a press jaw is provided in
For certain pipe sizes (typically larger sizes) the use of press jaws is limited because it is often difficult and unwieldy to construct a jaw that is easily movable and large enough to fit around the press fitting. In such applications, press rings or press slings are often used to facilitate the pressing operations. In such circumstances a press ring is placed about the fitting to be pressed and a press ring actuator is coupled to the press tool. The press ring actuator is similar to a press jaw, in that it includes pivoting arms, but the press ring actuator interfaces with the press ring such that activation of the tool, resulting in a pivoting of the jaws of the press ring actuator, will apply force to the press ring to press the fitting.
In general, pressing tools are designed such that each activation of the tool results in movement of the hydraulic piston along a fixed distance path. The linear distance the piston moves for a given tool is often referred to as the “stroke” of the tool. The force output of the piston as it moves along the stroke will depend on the sizing, geometry and other characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder and piston. In general, the maximum amount of “work” output that a pressing tool can provide during a single stroke of the piston will correspond to the force output of the tool multiplied by the distance traveled by the piston upon actuation of the tool. For example, the typical maximum work output from a tool capable of providing 32 kN of force with a piston travel of 40 mm will be 1.280 kN-m. In reality, it is not possible to utilize 100% of the maximum theoretical work output due to inherent system limitations such as clearance and combined tolerances between multiple components and operating conditions required to allow jaws to open with rollers retracted which can be on the order of 1.5 mm of wasted stroke.
The limitation on the maximum work output of a given pressing tool can create challenges if the same tool is intended for use in pressing small pipes (where pressing jaws or small press rings are to be used) and also with larger pipe sizes where large pressing rings may be used. For certain applications the maximum work output of the tool is insufficient to provide the amount of work necessary to completely press all press fittings for which use of the tool may be desirable. Accordingly, individuals working with large and small press fittings, may be forced to carry and maintain both a small press tool (for use with the small fittings) and a large press tool for the infrequent instances where a large press fitting (one requiring a work output greater than that available from the small tool) are required. This requirement for multiple press tools results in increased costs, maintenance, equipment demands and other undesirable consequences. While some systems use a single sling and multiple actuators (jaws) to provide for a two-step pressing operation, the requirement for multiple actuators involves the use and transportation of significant added weight and the need to remove an initial actuator from the tool and substitute a second actuator during a press results in complicated, cumbersome, relatively slow and potentially error-prone operation.
The present disclosure is directed to apparatus that allow press tools to efficiently and easily press fittings when the work required to press the fitting is greater than the work produced upon a single actuation of the press tool.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSUREThe present disclosure is directed toward an apparatus allowing a press tool assembly to readily and easily press a fitting when the work required to press the fitting is greater than the work produced upon a single actuation of the tool or where a multi-step press is desired.
The foregoing summary, description of a preferred embodiment, and other aspects of the present invention will be best understood with reference to a detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention, which follows, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
DISCLOSURE OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTSTurning to the drawings and, in particular, to
The press tool 12 comprises a generally gun-shaped device that includes a hydraulically actuated piston assembly (not shown in
As noted above, for certain size fittings the amount of work generated by one actuation of the press tool (e.g., one pull of the actuating trigger for the piston-type tool 12 of
In the embodiment of
It should be noted that the inner diameter profile 65 of the ring assembly 60 is machined to work with a particular press fitting. This inner diameter contour can be machined in a variety of shapes depending on the fitting being crimped. The contour could include provisions to press both the seal bead and retention press areas of the fitting simultaneously. The concept of a profiled inner diameter can be applied to all of the press rings discussed herein.
In the illustrated embodiment of
In accordance with a further teachings of this disclosure a pressing operation is performed wherein the pressing process is broken down into two or more discrete steps including at least one step where a press is performed to provide a retention press to retain the fitting on the pipe to which the fitting is applied and where at least one press is performed to press the seal bead to provide a snug seal.
Referring to
It should be noted that the press ring assembly 150 of
In the above-described example, the press for the seal bead was performed after a first retention press was completed. It should be understood that the described process was exemplary only and that other processes could be followed. For example, processes are envisioned wherein the seal bead press is performed first and the retention press are performed last or where the two retention presses are completed first and the bead seal press is performed as the last pressing operation.
Similar to
Because the amount of force/work required to perform a seal bead press is often less than that required for a retention fit, it is possible to adjust the design of the embodiment illustrated in
In the embodiments of
In the embodiment of
In addition to allowing a press tool to press a fitting having a work requirement greater than the maximum one-stroke work output of the tool, the apparatus of
A still further advantage the apparatus of
While the apparatus of
While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, obvious modifications and alterations are possible by those skilled in the related art. Therefore, it is intended that the invention include all such modifications and alterations to the full extent that they come within the scope of the following claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims
1. A system for pressing a fitting, comprising:
- a press tool with a given work output;
- a press ring actuator assembly;
- a press ring assembly; and
- the press ring actuator assembly, the press ring assembly, or a combination thereof being adapted to perform a multi-step press operation to complete a press on the fitting where the work required for the completed press on the fitting is greater than the given work output of the tool.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the press ring actuator assembly, the press ring assembly, or a combination thereof being adapted to perform the multi-step press operation comprises a means for adjusting the press ring actuator assembly, the press ring assembly, or the combination thereof, for a partial press or a complete press.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the press ring actuator assembly comprises a first jaw and a second jaw and is adapted to adjust a maximum jaw spacing between the jaws.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein at least one of the jaws is rotatable about an eccentric pin, wherein the jaw spacing between the jaws depends on the rotated position of the eccentric pin relative to the at least one jaw.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein each jaw is rotatable about an eccentric pin and the eccentric pins are linked together to maintain a fixed rotational relationship upon rotation of one pin to effect rotation of the other pin.
6. The system of claim 3, further comprising an adjustable force profile for the jaws, at one of the jaws having a first engagement surface at a first angle and a second engagement surface at a second angle.
7. The system of claim 3, further comprising a first set of tips having a first shape, the first set of tips removably coupled to the jaws, and a second pair of tips having a second shape that differs from the first shape and interchangeable with the first set of tips to adjust the jaw spacing.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the press ring assembly comprises an adjustable press ring assembly having a first press ring section and a second press ring section, the adjustable press ring assembly having adjustable engagement surfaces to adjust a spacing between the press ring sections for completing the press.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to the first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by rotation thereof.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more rotatable eccentric pins comprises a pin used to couple the ring sections together.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more laterally slidable pins coupled to first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by lateral movement thereof.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by rotation thereof.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more movable elements coupled to the press ring sections and adapted to selectively move into a position for engagement with the jaws of the press ring actuator assembly to adjust the spacing of the engagement of the jaws with the press ring assembly.
14. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprises one or more ratchet elements coupled to the press ring sections and adapted to selectively move into a position for engagement with the jaws of the press ring actuator assembly to adjust the spacing of the engagement of the jaws with the press ring assembly.
15. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjustable press ring assembly comprises at least a third press ring section and a fourth press ring section, both coupled to the first and second press ring sections, wherein the first and second press ring sections are dimensioned to engage the fitting at a first spacing, and the third and fourth press ring sections are dimensioned to engage the fitting at a second spacing.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein at least one of the press rings sections comprises an interface element that interfaces with other press ring sections that requires the press operation to be performed in sequence.
17. The system of claim 1, comprising a hydraulic force multiplier having a first piston in a first hydraulic cylinder coupled to a second piston of a different size, stroke, or a combination thereof in a second hydraulic and a check valve disposed therebetween.
18. A system for pressing a fitting in a multi-step press operation, the system adapted to increase the total amount of work input into pressing the fitting with a press tool having a given stroke, the system having adjustable engagement surfaces for completing the press, the adjustable engagement surfaces being coupled to a press ring actuator assembly, a press ring assembly adapted to cooperate in the pressing with the press ring actuator assembly, or a combination thereof.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein the press ring actuator assembly comprises a first jaw and a second jaw and is adapted to adjust a maximum jaw spacing between the jaws.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein at least one of the jaws is rotatable about an eccentric pin, wherein the jaw spacing between the jaws depends on the rotated position of the eccentric pin relative to the at least one jaw.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein each jaw is rotatable about an eccentric pin and the eccentric pins are linked together to maintain a fixed rotational relationship upon rotation of one pin to effect rotation of the other pin.
22. The system of claim 19, further comprising an adjustable force profile for the jaws, at one of the jaws having a first engagement surface at a first angle and a second engagement surface at a second angle.
23. The system of claim 19, further comprising a first set of tips having a first shape, the first set of tips removably coupled to the jaws, and a second pair of tips having a second shape that differs from the first shape and interchangeable with the first set of tips to adjust the jaw spacing.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein the jaws are adapted to use a tip of the first shape on one first jaw and a tip of the second shape on a second jaw to further adjust the jaw spacing.
25. The system of claim 18, wherein the adjustable press ring assembly comprises a first press ring section and a second press ring section, the adjustable press ring assembly having adjustable engagement surfaces to adjust a spacing between the press ring sections for completing the press.
26. The system of claim 25, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to the first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by rotation thereof.
27. The system of claim 26, wherein the one or more rotatable eccentric pins comprises a pivot pin used to couple the ring sections together and about which the ring sections pivot relative to each other.
28. The system of claim 25, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more laterally slidable pins coupled to first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by lateral movement thereof.
29. The system of claim 25, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by rotation thereof.
30. The system of claim 25, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more movable elements coupled to the press ring sections and adapted to selectively move into a position for engagement with the jaws of the press ring actuator assembly to adjust the spacing of the engagement of the jaws with the press ring assembly.
31. The system of claim 25, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprises one or more ratchet elements coupled to the press ring sections and adapted to selectively move into a position for engagement with the jaws of the press ring actuator assembly to adjust the spacing of the engagement of the jaws with the press ring assembly.
32. The system of claim 25, wherein the adjustable press ring assembly comprises at least a third press ring section and a fourth press ring section, both coupled to the first and second press ring sections, wherein the first and second press ring sections are dimensioned to engage the fitting at a first spacing, and the third and fourth press ring sections are dimensioned to engage the fitting at a second spacing.
33. The system of claims 32, wherein at least one of the press rings sections comprises an interface element that interfaces with other press ring sections that requires the press operation to be performed in sequence.
34. The system of claim 18, comprising a hydraulic force multiplier coupled to the press ring actuator assembly having a first piston in a first hydraulic cylinder coupled to a second piston of a different size in a second hydraulic and a check valve disposed therebetween.
35. A method of pressing a fitting in a multi-step pressing operation, comprising:
- placing a press ring assembly around a fitting, the press ring assembly having a first ring section and a second ring section pivotally coupled to each other;
- engaging the press ring assembly with a press ring actuator assembly having a pair of jaws;
- actuating the press ring actuator assembly to press the first and second ring sections toward each other to at least partially press the fitting;
- adjusting the press ring actuator assembly, press ring assembly, or a combination thereof to accommodate a smaller cross sectional dimension of the fitting and reactuating the press ring actuator assembly to finalize the press with the press ring and increase the total amount of work input into pressing the fitting with a press tool having a given stroke.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein adjusting comprises adjusting one or more engagement surfaces coupled to the press ring actuator assembly, press ring assembly, or a combination thereof.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein the press ring actuator assembly comprises a first jaw and a second jaw coupled to the first jaw with a pin, and wherein adjusting the press ring actuator assembly comprises rotating the pin relative to the jaws to adjust the spacing between the jaws.
38. The method of claim 37, wherein the pin comprises an eccentric portion and rotating the pin relative to the jaws comprises rotating the eccentric portion to adjust the spacing.
39. The method of claim 37, further comprising adjusting a force profile for the jaws by providing at least one of the jaws with a first engagement surface at a first angle and a second engagement surface at a second angle.
40. The method of claim 37, further comprising a first set of tips having a first shape, the first set of tips removably coupled to the jaws, and a second pair of tips having a second shape that differs from the first shape and wherein adjusting the press ring actuator assembly comprises interchanging the first set of tips with the second set of tips to adjust the jaw spacing.
41. The method of claim 35, wherein the press ring assembly comprises a first press ring section and a second press ring section, and wherein adjusting the press ring assembly comprises adjusting one or more engagement surfaces between the press ring sections.
42. The method of claim 41, wherein the engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to the first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and wherein adjusting one or more engagement surfaces comprises rotating one or more of the eccentric pins.
43. The method of claim 41, wherein the engagement surfaces comprise one or more laterally slidable pins coupled to the first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and wherein adjusting one or more engagement surfaces comprises sliding laterally one or more of the eccentric pins.
44. The method of claim 41, wherein the engagement surfaces comprise one or more movable elements coupled to the press ring sections, and wherein adjusting one or more engagement surfaces comprises moving one or more of the movable elements into a position for engagement with the jaws of the press ring actuator assembly.
45. The method of claim 41, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprises one or more ratchet elements coupled to the press ring sections, and wherein adjusting one or more engagement surfaces comprises moving the one or more ratchet elements into a position for engagement with the jaws of the press ring actuator assembly.
46. The method of claim 41, wherein the adjustable press ring assembly comprises at least a third press ring section and a fourth press ring section, both coupled to the first and second press ring sections, and wherein adjusting one or more engagement surfaces comprises engaging the fitting with first and second press ring sections at a first spacing, and engaging the fitting with the third and fourth press ring sections at a second spacing.
47. The method of claim 46, wherein at least one of the press rings sections comprises an interface element and wherein actuating the press ring actuator assembly comprises limiting an actuation of the first and second press ring sections relative to an actuation of the third and fourth press ring sections in a sequential order.
48. The method of claim 35, wherein actuating the press ring actuator assembly comprises actuating a hydraulic force multiplier to increase the work input into pressing the fitting.
49. A system for pressing a fitting in a multi-step press operation, comprising a press ring actuator assembly having a first jaw and a second jaw, the press ring actuator assembly being adapted to adjust a maximum jaw spacing between the jaws.
50. The system of claim 49, further comprising a press ring assembly adapted to be selectively engageable with the press ring actuator assembly.
51. The system of claim 49 wherein at least one of the jaws is rotatable about an eccentric pin, wherein the jaw spacing between the jaws depends on the rotated position of the eccentric pin relative to the at least one jaw.
52. The system of claim 51, wherein each jaw is rotatable about an eccentric pin and the eccentric pins are linked together to maintain a fixed rotational relationship upon rotation of one pin to effect rotation of the other pin.
53. The system of claim 49, further comprising an adjustable force profile for the jaws, at one of the jaws having a first engagement surface at a first angle and a second engagement surface at a second angle.
54. The system of claim 49, further comprising a first set of tips having a first shape, the first set of tips removably coupled to the jaws, and a second pair of tips having a second shape that differs from the first shape and interchangeable with the first set of tips to adjust the jaw spacing.
55. The system of claim 49, comprising a hydraulic force multiplier coupled to the press ring actuator assembly having a first piston in a first hydraulic cylinder coupled to a second piston of a different size in a second hydraulic and a check valve disposed therebetween.
56. A system for pressing a fitting in a multi-step press operation, comprising a press ring assembly having adjustable engagement surfaces for completing the press.
57. The system of claim 56, comprising a press ring actuator assembly selectively engageable with the press ring assembly.
58. The system of claim 56, wherein the press ring assembly comprises a first press ring section and a second press ring section, the press ring assembly having adjustable engagement surfaces to adjust a spacing between the press ring sections for completing the press.
59. The system of claim 58, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to the first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by rotation thereof.
60. The system of claim 59, wherein the one or more rotatable eccentric pins comprises a pivot pin used to couple the ring sections together and about which the ring sections pivot relative to each other.
61. The system of claim 58, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more laterally slidable pins coupled to first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by lateral movement thereof.
62. The system of claim 58, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more rotatable eccentric pins coupled to first press ring section, the second press ring section, or a combination thereof, and adapted to change the spacing between the ring sections by rotation thereof.
63. The system of claim 58, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprise one or more movable elements coupled to the press ring sections and adapted to selectively move into a position for engagement with jaws of a press ring actuator assembly to adjust the spacing of the engagement of the jaws with the press ring assembly.
64. The system of claim 58, wherein the adjustable engagement surfaces comprises one or more ratchet elements coupled to the press ring sections and adapted to selectively move into a position for engagement with jaws of a press ring actuator assembly to adjust the spacing of the engagement of the jaws with the press ring assembly.
65. The system of claim 58, wherein the press ring assembly comprises at least a third press ring section and a fourth press ring section, both coupled to the first and second press ring sections, wherein the first and second press ring sections are dimensioned to engage the fitting at a first spacing, and the third and fourth press ring sections are dimensioned to engage the fitting at a second spacing.
66. The system of claims 65, wherein at least one of the press rings sections comprises an interface element that interfaces with other press ring sections that requires the press operation to be performed in sequence.
67. The system of claim 56, comprising a hydraulic force multiplier selectively engageable with the press ring assembly having a first piston in a first hydraulic cylinder coupled to a second piston of a different size in a second hydraulic and a check valve disposed therebetween.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 21, 2005
Publication Date: Sep 11, 2008
Inventors: James E. Hamm (Grafton, OH), Richard R. Bowles (Solon, OH), David D. Manacapelli (Mediana, OH), Todd A. Westley (Elyria, OH)
Application Number: 11/568,074
International Classification: B21D 22/00 (20060101); B21D 3/00 (20060101);