Fluid transportation device
A fluid transportation device includes a valve seat, a valve cap, a valve membrane, multiple buffer chambers, a vibration film and an actuator. The valve membrane is arranged between the valve seat and the valve cap, and includes several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch. The multiple buffer chambers include a first buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve cap and a second buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve seat. The vibration film is separated from the valve cap when the fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity. The actuator is connected to the vibration film. When the actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, the vibration film connected to the actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of the pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving the fluid.
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The present invention relates to a fluid transportation device, and more particularly to a fluid transportation device for use in a micro pump.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONNowadays, fluid transportation devices used in many sectors such as pharmaceutical industries, computer techniques, printing industries, energy industries are developed toward miniaturization. The fluid transportation devices used in for example micro pumps, micro atomizers, printheads or industrial printers are very important components. Consequently, it is critical to improve the fluid transportation devices.
When a voltage is applied on both electrodes of the micro actuator 15, an electric field is generated. The electric field causes downward deformation of the micro actuator 15 such that the micro actuator 15 is moved toward the diaphragm 12 and the compression chamber 111. As such, a pushing force generated by the micro actuator 15 is exerted on the transmission device 14. Through the transmission device 14, the pushing force is transmitted to the diaphragm 12 and thus the diaphragm 12 is distorted. Since the diaphragm 12 is compressed and deformed as shown in
This valveless micro pump 10, however, still has some drawbacks. For example, some fluid may return back to the input channel when the micro pump is in the actuation status. For enhancing the net flow rate, the compression ratio of the compression chamber 111 should be increased to result in a sufficient chamber pressure. Under this circumstance, a costly micro actuator is required.
Therefore, there is a need of providing a fluid transportation device for use in a micro pump to obviate the drawbacks encountered from the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIt is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid transportation device. A valve seat, a valve membrane, a valve cap, an actuating module and a cover plate are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, thereby assembling the fluid transportation device. The actuating module is activated to deform the vibrating film and thus the volume of the pressure cavity is changed to result in a positive or negative pressure difference. In addition, the inlet/outlet valve structures of the valve membrane are quickly opened or closed. At the moment when the volume of the pressure cavity is expanded or shrunken, suction or impulse is generated to flow the fluid. The fluid transportation device of the present invention can transport gases or liquids at excellent flow rate and output pressure. By using the fluid transportation device of the present invention, the problem of returning back the fluid during fluid transportation is avoided.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid. The fluid transportation device includes a valve seat, a valve cap, a valve membrane, multiple buffer chambers, a vibration film and an actuator. The valve seat has an inlet channel and an outlet channel. The valve cap is disposed on the valve seat. The valve membrane has substantially uniform thickness, is arranged between the valve seat and the valve cap, and includes several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch. The multiple buffer chambers include a first buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve cap and a second buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve seat. The vibration film has a periphery fixed on the valve cap. The vibration film has a periphery fixed on said valve cap, and is separated from the valve cap when the fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity. The actuator is connected to the vibration film. When the actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, the vibration film connected to the actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of the pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving the fluid to be introduced from the inlet channel, flowed through the first valve switch, the first buffer chamber, the pressure cavity, the second buffer chamber and the second valve switch, and exhausted from the outlet channel.
The above contents of the present invention will become more readily apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art after reviewing the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, in which:
The present invention will now be described more specifically with reference to the following embodiments. It is to be noted that the following descriptions of preferred embodiments of this invention are presented herein for purpose of illustration and description only. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limited to the precise form disclosed.
Referring to
After the valve membrane 23 is sandwiched between the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 and placed in proper positions such that the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 are disposed on opposite sides of the valve membrane 23. A first buffer chamber is defined between the valve membrane 23 and the valve cap 22 and a second buffer chamber is defined between the valve membrane 23 and the valve seat 21. The actuating module 24 is disposed above the valve cap 22, and comprises a vibration film 241 and an actuator 242. The actuating module 24 is operated to actuate the fluid transportation device 20. The cover plate 25 is disposed over the actuating module 24. Meanwhile, the valve seat 21, the valve membrane 23, the valve cap 22, the actuating module 24 and the cover plate 25 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, thereby assembling the fluid transportation device 20.
In particular, the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 are responsible for guiding the fluid into or out of the fluid transportation device 20.
Similarly, the valve cap 22 further has several recess structures. In this embodiment, the valve cap 22 has a recess structure 227 formed in the upper surface 220 and surrounding the pressure cavity 226. The valve cap 22 has another recess structure 224 formed in the lower surface 228 and surrounding the inlet buffer cavity 223. In addition, valve cap 22 has recess structures 225 and 229 formed in the lower surface 228 and annularly surrounding the outlet valve channel 222. Similarly, several sealing rings 27 (as shown in
If the volume of the pressure cavity 226 is expanded to result in suction, the sealing ring 26 received in the recess structure 216 will provide a pre-force on the inlet valve structure 231. Since the extension parts 2311 may facilitate supporting the inlet valve slice 2313 to result in a stronger sealing effect, the fluid will not be returned back through the inlet valve structure 231. If a negative pressure difference in the pressure cavity 226 causes upward shift of the inlet valve structure 231 (as shown in
Similarly, the outlet valve structure 232 comprises an outlet valve slice 2323 and several perforations 2322 formed in the periphery of the outlet valve slice 2323. In addition, the outlet valve structure 232 has several extension parts 2321 between the outlet valve slice 2323 and the perforations 2322. The operation principles of the outlet valve slice 2323, the extension parts 2321 and the perforations 2322 included in the outlet valve structure 232 are similar to corresponding components of the inlet valve structure 231, and are not redundantly described herein. On the other hand, the sealing rings 26 in the vicinity of the outlet valve structure 232 are opposed to the sealing rings 27 in the vicinity of the inlet valve structure 231. If the volume of the pressure cavity 226 is shrunken to result in an impulse (as shown in
In the above embodiments, the raised structures are defined by the recess structures and corresponding sealing rings. Alternatively, the raised structures may be directly formed on the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 by a photolithography and etching process, an electroplating process or an electroforming process.
Please refer to
When a voltage is applied on the actuator 242, the actuating module 24 is subject to deformation. As shown in
In a case that the actuating module 24 is downwardly deformed in the direction “b” by switching the electric field (as shown in
The valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 used in the fluid transportation device 20 of the present invention is preferably made of thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate (PC), polysulfone (PSF), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyacetal (POM), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and so no. Preferably, the pressure cavity 226 has a depth of 100 μm to 300 μm and a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm.
The valve membrane 23 is separated from the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 by a gap of 10 μm to 790 μm (preferably 180 μm to 300 μm). The vibrating film 241 of the actuating module 24 is separated from the valve cap 22 by a gap of 10 μm to 790 μm (preferably 100 μm to 300 μm).
The valve membrane 23 may be produced by a conventional machining process, a photolithography and etching process, a laser machining process, an electroforming process, an electric discharge machining process and so on. The valve membrane 23 is made of excellent chemical-resistant organic polymeric material having a Young's modulus of 2 to 20 GPa or metallic material having a Young's modulus (or elastic modulus) of 2 to 240 GPa. An example of the organic polymeric material includes polyimide (PI) (Young's modulus=10 GPa). An example of the metallic material includes but is not limited to aluminum (Young's modulus=70 GPa), aluminum alloy, nickel (Young's modulus=210 GPa), nickel alloy, copper, copper alloy or stainless steal (Young's modulus=240 GPa). The thickness of the valve membrane 23 is ranged from 10 μm to 50 μm, preferably from 21 μm to 40 μm.
In a case that the valve membrane 23 is made of polyimide (PI), the valve membrane 23 is preferably produced by a reactive ion etching (RIE) process. After a photosensitive photoresist is applied on the valve structure and the pattern of the valve structure is exposed and developed, the polyimide layer uncovered by the photoresist is etched so as to define the valve structure of the valve membrane 23. In a case that the valve membrane 23 is made of stainless steel, the valve membrane 23 is preferably produced by a photolithography and etching process, a laser machining process or a machining process. By using the photolithography and etching process, a photoresist pattern of the valve structure is formed on a stainless steel piece, and then dipped in a solution of FeCl3 and HCl to perform a wet etching procedure. The stainless steel piece uncovered by the photoresist is etched so as to define the valve structure of the valve membrane 23. In a case that the valve membrane 23 is made of nickel, the valve membrane 23 is preferably produced by an electroforming process. After a photoresist pattern of the valve structure is formed on a stainless steel piece by a photolithography and etching process, the stainless steel piece uncovered by the photoresist is electroformed by nickel. Until the nickel thickness is desired, the nickel is detached from the stainless steel piece so as to form the valve membrane 23 having the valve structures 231 and 232. In addition to the above processes, the valve membrane 23 may be produced by a precise punching process, a conventional machining process, a laser machining process, an electroforming process or an electric discharge machining process.
In some embodiments, the actuator 242 of the actuating module 24 is a piezoelectric strip made of highly piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The actuator 24 has a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm (preferably 150 μm to 250 μm) and a Young's modulus of about 100 to 150 GPa.
The vibration film 241 is a single-layered metallic structure having a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm (preferable 100 μm to 250 μm). For example, the vibration film 241 is made of stainless steel (having a thickness of 140 μm to 160 μm and a Young's modulus of 240 GPa) or copper (having a thickness of 190 μm to 210 μm and a Young's modulus of 100 GPa). Alternatively, the vibration film 241 is a two-layered structure, which includes a metallic layer and a biochemical-resistant polymeric sheet attached on the metallic layer.
In some embodiments, for complying with the requirement of large flow rate transportation, the actuator 242 of the actuating module 24 is operated at a frequency of 10˜50 Hz and under the following conditions.
For example, the actuator 24 has a rigid property and a thickness of about 100 μm to 500 μm. Preferably, the actuator 24 has a thickness of about 150 μm to 250 μm and a Young's modulus of about 100 to 150 GPa. In addition, the vibration film 241 is a single-layered metallic structure having a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm (preferable 100 μm to 250 μm) and a Young's modulus of 60 to 300 GPa. For example, the vibration film 241 is made of stainless steel (having a thickness of 140 μm to 160 μm and a Young's modulus of 240 GPa) or copper (having a thickness of 190 μm to 210 μm and a Young's modulus of 100 GPa). Alternatively, the vibration film 241 is a two-layered structure, which includes a metallic layer and a biochemical-resistant polymeric sheet attached on the metallic layer. Each of the inlet valve structure 231 and the outlet valve structure 232 is made of excellent chemical-resistant organic polymeric or metallic material having a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm and a Young's modulus of 2 to 240 GPa. The valve membrane 23 is made of polymeric material having a Young's modulus of 2 to 20 GPa, such as polyimide (PI) (Young's modulus=10 GPa); metallic material having a Young's modulus of 2 to 240 GPa, such as aluminum (Young's modulus=70 GPa), aluminum alloy, nickel (Young's modulus=210 GPa), nickel alloy, copper, copper alloy or stainless steal (Young's modulus=240 GPa). In addition, the valve membrane 23 is separated from the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 by a gap of 10 μm to 790 μm (preferably 180 μm to 300 μm).
By selecting proper parameters of the actuator 242, the vibrating film 241, the pressure cavity 226 and the valve membrane 23, the inlet valve structure 231 and the outlet valve structure 232 of the valve membrane 23 are selectively opened or closed. Consequently, a unidirectional net flow rate of the fluid is rendered and the fluid in the pressure cavity 226 is transported at a flow rate of 5 cc/min.
From the above description, when the fluid transportation device 20 of the present invention is actuated by the actuating module 24, the inlet valve structure 231 of the valve membrane 23 and the sealing ring 26 in the recess structure 216 are cooperated to open the inlet valve structure 231 such that the fluid is transported to the pressure cavity 226. Next, by switching the electric field of the actuating module 24, the volume of the pressure cavity 226 is changed. The outlet valve structure 232 of the valve membrane 23 and the sealing ring 27 in the recess structure 225 are cooperated to open the outlet valve structure 232 such that the fluid is transported out of the pressure cavity 226. Since the suction or the impulse generated when the volume of the pressure cavity 226 is expanded or shrunken is very large, the valve structures are quickly opened to transport a great amount of fluid and prevent the fluid from being returned back.
Hereinafter, a process of fabricating a fluid transportation device of the present invention will be illustrated with reference to the flowchart of
Next, a flexible membrane is used to define the valve membrane 23 having the valve structures 231 and 232 (Step S84). Next, a vibrating film 241 is formed (Step S85) and an actuator 242 is formed (Step S86). The actuator 242 is attached on the vibrating film 241 to form an actuating module 24 (Step S87), in which the actuator 242 faces the pressure cavity 226. Next, the valve membrane 23 is sandwiched between the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 to define a flow valve seat assembly 201 (Step S88) such that the valve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 are disposed on opposite sides of the valve membrane 23. Afterwards, the actuating module 24 is placed on the valve cap 22 and the pressure cavity 226 of the valve cap 22 is sealed by the actuating module 24, thereby fabricating the fluid transportation device of the present invention (Step S89).
The fluid transportation device of the present invention is applicable to a micro pump. The valve seat, the valve membrane, the valve cap, the actuating module and the cover plate are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, thereby assembling the fluid transportation device. The actuating module is activated to change the volume of the pressure cavity so as to open or close the inlet/outlet valve structures of the valve membrane. The sealing rings and the recess structures in the valve seat or the valve cap are cooperated to facilitate fluid transportation. The fluid transportation device of the present invention can transport gases or liquids at excellent flow rate and output pressure. The fluid can be pumped in the initial state and with a high precision controllability. Since the fluid transportation device is able to transport gases, the bubble generated during the fluid transportation may be removed so as to achieve efficient transportation.
While the invention has been described in terms of what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention needs not be limited to the disclosed embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims which are to be accorded with the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structures.
Claims
1. A fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid, said fluid transportation device comprising:
- a valve seat having an inlet channel and an outlet channel;
- a valve cap disposed on said valve seat;
- a valve membrane having substantially uniform thickness, arranged between said valve seat and said valve cap, and comprising several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch;
- multiple buffer chambers including a first buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve cap and a second buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve seat;
- a vibration film having a periphery fixed on said valve cap, wherein said vibration film is separated from said valve cap when said fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity; and
- an actuator connected to said vibration film, wherein when said actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, said vibration film connected to said actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of said pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving said fluid to be introduced from said inlet channel, flowed through said first valve switch, said first buffer chamber, said pressure cavity, said second buffer chamber and said second valve switch, and exhausted from said outlet channel.
2. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve seat and said valve cap have several recess structures, and said fluid transportation device further comprises several sealing rings received in corresponding recess structures but partially protruded from said recess structures so as to provide a pre-force on said valve membrane.
3. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane has a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm.
4. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane has a thickness of 21 μm to 40 μm.
5. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane is made of polymeric material having an elastic modulus of 2 to 20 GPa.
6. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane is made of metallic material having an elastic modulus of 2 to 240 GPa.
7. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said actuator is a piezoelectric strip having a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm.
8. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said actuator is a piezoelectric strip having a thickness of 150 μm to 250 μm.
9. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film is a single-layered metallic structure.
10. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film is a two-layered structure, which includes a metallic layer and a biochemical-resistant polymeric sheet attached on said metallic layer.
11. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film has a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm.
12. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film has a thickness of 100 μm to 250 μm.
13. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said pressure cavity has a depth of 100 μm to 300 μm and a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm.
14. A fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid, said fluid transportation device comprising:
- a valve seat having an inlet channel, an outlet channel and at least one recess structure;
- a valve cap disposed on said valve seat and comprising at least one recess structure;
- a valve membrane having substantially uniform thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm, arranged between said valve seat and said valve cap, and comprising several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch;
- multiple buffer chambers including a first buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve cap and a second buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve seat;
- a vibration film having a periphery fixed on said valve cap, wherein said vibration film is separated from said valve cap when said fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity;
- several sealing rings received in corresponding recess structures of said valve seat and said valve cap but partially protruded from said recess structures so as to provide a pre-force on said valve membrane; and
- an actuator connected to said vibration film, wherein when said actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, said vibration film connected to said actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of said pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving said fluid to be introduced from said inlet channel, flowed through said first valve switch, said first buffer chamber, said pressure cavity, said second buffer chamber and said second valve switch, and exhausted from said outlet channel.
15. A fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid, said fluid transportation device comprising:
- a valve seat having an inlet channel, an outlet channel and at least one recess restructure;
- a valve cap disposed on said valve seat and comprising at least one recess restructure;
- a valve membrane having substantially uniform thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm, arranged between said valve seat and said valve cap, and comprising several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch;
- multiple buffer chambers including a first buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve cap and a second buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve seat;
- a vibration film having a periphery fixed on said valve cap, wherein said vibration film is separated from said valve cap by a gap of 100 μm to 300 μm when said fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity;
- several sealing rings received in corresponding recess structures of said valve seat and said valve cap but partially protruded from said recess structures so as to provide a pre-force on said valve membrane; and
- an actuator connected to said vibration film, wherein when said actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, said vibration film connected to said actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of said pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving said fluid to be introduced from said inlet channel, flowed through said first valve switch, said first buffer chamber, said pressure cavity, said second buffer chamber and said second valve switch, and exhausted from said outlet channel.
Type: Application
Filed: Aug 19, 2008
Publication Date: Mar 5, 2009
Applicant: Microjet Technology Co., Ltd. (Hsin-Chu)
Inventors: Shih Chang Chen (Hsin-Chu), Chiang Ho Cheng (Hsin-Chu), Rong Ho Yu (Hsin-Chu), Jyh Horng Tsai (Hsin-Chu), Shih Che Chiu (Hsin-Chu)
Application Number: 12/222,882
International Classification: F04B 49/00 (20060101);