PREFABRICATED BUILDING, METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING PREFABRICATED BUILDING AND BUILDING

Abstract

Provided is a prefabricated building 1 constructed by combining a previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting surface. This prefabricated building 1 includes an outer wall portion 20 which is formed by wall units 2A, 2B in which two wall panels 21, 21 are flexibly connected, a roof portion 3 formed by a plurality of roof panels 31 and an upper end side supporting portion 5 having a jig 51 which places an upper end of the roof panel and an extension bar 52 which transfers a load to the mounting surface, the jig 51 and the extension bar 52 being separatably connected, and the upper end side supporting portion 5 being set up in a portion surrounded by the outer wall portion 20 to project above an upper end face of the outer wall portion 20.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a prefabricated building, a method of constructing a prefabricated building and a building using a wall panel and a roof panel, which can be easily erected and disassembled.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, there has been known a simplified building which can be easily erected by expanding folded members, and can be easily disassembled by a process opposite to an erecting process as disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a folded structure in which a wall member, a ceiling member and a floor member are connected by hinges. In this folded structure, a central portion of a wall can be folded inside, and the structure can be easily erected by expanding the wall member, the ceiling member and the floor member at any designated sites.

Moreover, Patent Document 2 discloses a cylindrical building which is constructed by expanding a wall member in which roundwood shaped bamboo portions are connected.

Patent Document 1: JP 2991567B

Patent Document 2: JP2001-173100A

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Problem to be Solved by the Invention

However, in the folded structure of Patent Document 1, the size and shape are often limited because the wall member, the ceiling member and the floor member are all connected by hinges. Moreover, in this folded structure, since a wall includes a portion to be folded, the folded structure has a limitation such that a window or an entrance can not be provided in that portion. Therefore, the outer appearance as a temporary building is hard to eliminate.

Furthermore, in the building of Patent Document 2, although the wall member in which the bamboo portions are connected is deformable, there is a problem in that it is difficult to position the wall member because the wall member deforms too much. The cylindrical building also has a limitation in that a wide window can not be provided. Therefore, the outer appearance as a temporary building is hard to eliminate similar to the above.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a prefabricated building, a method of constructing a prefabricated building and a building, which is excellent in an architectural design freedom and can be easily positioned and smoothly set up.

Means for Solving the Problem

In order to achieve the above object, a prefabricated building according to the present invention, which is constructed by combining a previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting surface, includes: an outer edge supporting portion which supports a lower end of a roof, the outer edge supporting portion being formed by a wall unit in which at least two wall panels are flexibly coupled and a supporting unit which is set up in a position facing the wall unit, or being formed by a wall unit in which three or more wall panels are flexibly connected; a roof portion formed by a plurality of roof panels; and an upper end side supporting portion having a jig which places an upper end of the roof panel and a supporting body which transfers a load to the mounting surface, the jig and the supporting body being separatably connected, and the upper end side supporting portion being set up in a portion surrounded by the outer edge supporting portion to project above an upper end face of the outer edge supporting portion.

Effects of the Invention

In the prefabricated building of the present invention as constructed above, the outer edge supporting portion is constructed by the wall unit in which at least two wall panels are flexibly connected, so that it can be easily carried in a folded state, and the wall unit can be set up in a desired position by expanding the wall unit, so that it can be easily positioned.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view describing a constitution of a prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view describing the framework of the prefabricated building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view as seen in the III-III arrow direction in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view as seen in the IV-IV arrow direction in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view illustrating a V portion in FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating a constitution of flexibly coupled side faces of the wall unit.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view describing the turned state of the flexibly coupled portion of the wall unit.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view describing a constitution in which an upper end side supporting portion which supports an upper end of a roof panel is set up on a mounting surface.

FIG. 9 is a view describing an operation which places a roof panel.

FIG. 10 is a plan view as seen in the X-X arrow direction in FIG. 8.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view illustrating an XI portion in FIG. 9.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view describing a state looking up the upper end side supporting portion after placing all roof panels.

FIG. 13 is a view describing a process which expands a first wall unit.

FIG. 14 is a view describing a process which expands a second wall unit.

FIG. 15 is a view describing a process which places a first roof panel.

FIG. 16 is a view describing a process which places a second roof panel.

FIG. 17 is a view describing a process which places a finishing member between wall panels and between roof panels.

FIG. 18 is a plan view describing a constitution of a roof portion formed by combining roof panels of another form.

FIG. 19 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by coupling two prefabricated buildings.

FIG. 20 is a side view of the building in FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by connecting three prefabricated buildings.

FIG. 22 is a side view illustrating the building in FIG. 21.

FIG. 23 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by connecting three prefabricated buildings each having a different size.

FIG. 24 is a side view illustrating the building in FIG. 23.

FIG. 25 is a plan view describing a constitution of a plane regular hexagonal prefabricated building.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view as seen in the XXVI-XXVI arrow direction in FIG. 25.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view illustrating a folded wall unit in which six wall panels are connected.

FIG. 28 is a view describing a process which expands the wall unit in which six wall panels are connected.

FIG. 29 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by connecting three plane regular hexagonal prefabricated buildings.

FIG. 30 is a sectional view as seen in the XXX-XXX arrow direction in FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by connecting two plane regular hexagonal prefabricated buildings and a plane square prefabricated building.

FIG. 32 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by connecting seven plane regular hexagonal prefabricated buildings.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view illustrating a building constructed by connecting four prefabricated buildings.

FIG. 34 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed by connecting four prefabricated buildings.

FIG. 35 is an enlarged view illustrating an XXXV portion in FIG. 34.

FIG. 36 is a sectional view as seen in the XXVI-XXVI arrow direction in FIG. 34.

FIG. 37 is a plan view describing a schematic constitution of a roof portion formed by combining flexible roof panels.

FIG. 38 is a view describing an operation which places a roof panel.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 prefabricated building

20 outer wall portion (outer edge supporting portion)

2A wall unit

2B wall unit (supporting unit)

21 wall panel

21a upper end face

22 hinge portion (flexible connection)

3 roof portion

31 roof panel

31a lower end

31b upper end

41 mounting surface

5 upper end side supporting portion

51 jig

52 extension bar (supporting body)

61 two adjoined buildings (building)

611, 612 prefabricated building

62 three adjoined buildings (building)

621-623 prefabricated building

63 three adjoined buildings (building)

631-633 prefabricated building

7 prefabricated building

70 outer wall portion (outer edge supporting portion)

71 wall unit

711 wall panel

72 roof portion

721 roof panel

731 mounting surface

80 three buildings hexagonally adjoined (building)

8 prefabricated building

81 wall unit

82 beam-column unit (supporting unit)

821 beam member

822 column member

83 roof portion

85 partition unit (supporting unit)

91 three irregularly adjoined buildings (building)

911 square building (prefabricated building)

912 hexagonal building (prefabricated building)

92 large building (building)

921-927 hexagonal building (prefabricated building)

93 four adjoined buildings (building)

933A-931D prefabricated building

932 wall unit

932a wall panel

933 wing wall unit (inner wall unit)

934 cross wall unit (inner wall unit)

935 roof panel

94 four adjoined buildings (building)

941A-941D prefabricated building

942, 943 roof panel

942a, 943a bend portion

944 inner wall unit

945 wall unit

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

At first, a constitution of a prefabricated building 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-5.

This prefabricated building 1 includes an outer wall portion 20 as an outer edge supporting portion which is set up on a base slab 4 and a roof portion 3 having a lower end side supported by the outer wall portion 20.

This outer wall portion 20 includes a plurality of wall panels 21. A window 25 and an entrance door 23 are appropriately provided in the outer wall portion 20. An entrance step 44 which is coupled to the base slab 4 is provided in front of the door 23.

The roof portion 3 is formed by combining a plurality of trapezoidal roof panels 31.

Describing the constitution of the prefabricated building 1 in detail, the base slab 4 is a floor slab, and is constructed by a reinforced concrete as illustrated in FIG. 2.

The upper face of this base slab 4 is a mounting surface 41 of the outer wall portion 20. Eventually, wood floor members, carpets, tiles and the like are placed on the mounting surface 41 as finishing, so that a finished floor face 43 is formed.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, four wall panels 21 are placed in the outer edges of the plane quadrangular mounting face 41, and a space surrounded by the wall panels 21 is formed inside thereof. This space can be divided by placing partition panels 24, 24 and the like.

As described hereinbelow, a first wall unit 2A includes two wall panels 21, and a second wall unit 2B includes two wall panels 21. The wall panels 21, 21 of each wall unit 2A, 2B are coupled by a flexible hinge portion 22.

The wall panel 21 includes a shell member and a face member which is attached to the inner and outer side faces of the shell member. Namely, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the shell member includes on the outer face side thereof an outer face on which plate-like exterior boards 211 are overlapped, and the shell member includes in the inner space thereof a heat insulation material 212 such as glass wool and the like. The shell member includes an inner face side over which wooden frames 213 are bridged, and an inner wall board 214 is fixed via the wooden frames 213.

This shell member is a shell body constructed by combining cross-section U-shaped steel stocks, for example, and includes an upper end face frame 216 arranged in an upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21, a lower end face frame 217 arranged in a lower end face 21b of the wall panel 21, side end face frames 219, 219 arranged in the side end faces of the wall panel 21, and a longitudinal member 215 which is arranged between the side end face frames 219, 219 at intervals and has the upper and lower ends connected to the upper and lower end face frames 216, 217, respectively (reference to FIGS. 4, 6, 7). This shell member is reinforced as necessary by a brace and the like when a share capacity of the face members which are fixed to the inner and outer faces is deficient.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, a plurality of wooden frames 213 is horizontally bridged in the inner face side of the steel shell member as constructed above, and the inner wall board 214 is fixed to the wooden frames 213. Therefore, compared to a case in which the inner wall board 214 is directly fixed to the steel shell member, temperature transmittance of the room interior and exterior is very small, so that outside cool air and inside warm air can be prevented from entering into a room interior and leaking outside.

Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the floor face 41 is provided with a base portion 45, and the lower face of the lower end face frame 217 has contact with the upper face of the base portion 45, so that the wall panel 21 is placed on the base portion 45.

Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a lower end 31a of the roof panel 31 is coupled to the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21.

This roof panel 31 includes a shell member and a face member which is fixed to the inner and outer faces of the shell member. Namely, a roof board 311 covered with a water proof material 311a such as an asphalt-saturated and coated felt is fixed on the upper face side of the shell member, a heat shield material 312 is arranged inside the shell member, and a ceiling board 315 is fixed on the lower face side of the shell member via the wooden frames 314.

This shell member is a shell body constructed by combining cross-sectional U-shaped steel stocks, for example, and includes a lower end frame 313 arranged in a lower end 31a of the roof panel 31, an upper end frame 318 arranged in an upper end 31b of the roof panel, an oblique side frame (not shown) arranged in an oblique side 31c, and a plurality of longitudinal members 316 fixed toward the direction orthogonal to the lower end frame 313 (reference to FIGS. 4, 11, 15).

Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the lower end 31a of the roof panel 31 and the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21 are coupled by a connection bracket 34. This fitting 34 is fixed near the longitudinal member 316 of the roof panel 31.

The outside of the fitting 34 is covered with an edge of eaves finishing material 36, and a space retaining member 361 is interposed between the edge of eaves finishing material 36 and the outer face of the wall panel 21.

Meanwhile, the connection 34 includes a wall side mounting piece 341 which is fixed to the upper end face frame 216 of the wall panel 21, a roof side mounting piece 342 which is fixed to the lower end frame 313 of the roof panel 31 and an intermediate piece 343 connecting both of the wall side mounting piece and the roof side mounting piece as illustrated in FIG. 4. These are integrally formed such that each face is bent orthogonal to each other.

Each of the wall side mounting piece 341 and the roof side mounting piece 342 has a screw hole for fixing each of the wall side mounting piece and the roof side mounting piece to each of the panels 31, 21. The roof side mounting piece 342 inclines at a predetermined angle relative to the wall side mounting piece 341 according to an inclination which places the roof panel 31.

FIG. 5 illustrates an enlarged view of the V portion in FIG. 3 which is the corner portion of the outer wall portion 20. This corner portion connects one wall panel 21 of the wall unit 2A and one wall panel 21 of the wall unit 2B. Side end face frames 219, 219 of the wall panels 21, 21 are coupled via a fixing bracket 26a.

This corner portion includes in the inside corner an inside corner member 26b, and the fixing bracket 26a and the inside corner member 26b are connected by a screw 26c. The corner portion includes in the outside corner an outside corner protection member 26, so that the space between the exterior boards 211, 211 of the wall panels 21, 21 is closed.

By the connection with the outside corner protection member 26, the fixing bracket 26a and the inside corner member 26b, an angle between the wall panels 21, 21 is defined at a right angle.

The wall unit 2 placed as the prefabricated building 1 is described so far, but the wall unit 2 before placing will be described hereinbelow with reference to FIGS. 6, 7. In this case, the wall units 2A, 2B are described as a wall unit 2.

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating the side face of the wall unit 2 in which inner wall boards 214, 214 of the two wall panels 21, 21 are arranged facing each other, and the wall panels 21, 21 are flexibly coupled by a plurality of hinges 221. Portions coupled by the hinges 221 constitute hinge portions 22.

Both sides of this hinge 221 are fixed to the side end face frames 219, 219 respectively fixed to the side end faces of the wall panels 21, 21.

Regarding the two wall panels 21, 21 coupled by the hinges 221 as described above, one wall panel 21 rotates around the hinges 221 to be expanded in a state in which the other wall panel 21 is fixed as illustrated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 7.

In addition, the side face of the wall unit 2, which is opposite to the side face on the hinge portion side is temporally coupled such that the wall unit 2 does not expand in an unintended situation, for example, in conveying and hoisting.

Next, the upper end side supporting portion 5 for use in building the roof portion 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8-12.

This upper end side supporting portion 5 includes a jig 51 which supports the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 and an extension bar 52 as a supporting body, which is set up on the mounting surface 41 and supports the jig 51.

This extension bar 52 includes a bottom plate 522 to be fixed on to the mounting surface 411, a body 524 having a length adjuster 521 and an upper plate 523 provided in the upper end.

When supporting the roof panel 31, the bottom plate 522 is fixed to the mounting surface 41 by a bolt 522a, and the jig 51 is fixed to the upper plate 523 by a screw and the like. After completing the roof portion 3, the mounting surface 41 and the jig 51 are uncoupled by removing the bolt 522a and the like, the length of body 524 is reduced by controlling the length adjuster 521, and the extension bar 52 is removed between the jig 51 and the mounting surface 41.

The jig 51 includes a plane quadrangular frame member 511 as illustrated in FIG. 10 and a connection member 512 having an upper portion of a plane cross shape to be fixed on the upper face of the frame member 511 as illustrated in FIGS. 8, 10.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, the frame member 511 has a lower edge extending outside as eaves, and the leading end of the lower edge includes a bracket 511a for supporting the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31.

More particularly, as illustrated in FIG. 9, regarding the roof panel 31 hoisted by a crane via a ring 35, the lower end 31a is put on the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21, and is inclined such that the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 is put on the bracket 511a of the frame member 511. Then, the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 is fixed to the frame member 511 by the screw 511b from the inside of the building which is the lower side of the roof panel 31.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating a condition when looking up at all the roof panels 3 when fixed to the frame member 511 by repeating the above-described process of fixing the roof panels 31.

In this case, each roof panel 31 is supported by the upper end side supporting portion 5 until all the roof panels 31 are fixed to the frame member 511. If all the roof panels 31 are fixed to the frame member 511, the roof panels 31 are balanced, so that the support by the upper end side supporting portion 5 becomes unnecessary. Therefore, when completing the fixation of the roof panels 31, the connection member 512 of the jig 51 and the upper plate 523 are disconnected, so that the extension bar 52 can be removed.

Next, a method of constructing the prefabricated building 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13-17.

At first, the plane square base slab 4 is constructed by reinforced concrete and the like at a place where the prefabricated building 1 is to be constructed.

The folded wall units 2A, 2B which are manufactured in a plant are then carried near the base slab 4 by a truck and the like.

Next, a wire is fixed on the hanging ring of the first wall unit 2A, so as to move the first wall unit 2A above the base slab 4 by a crane.

Regarding the wall unit 2A taken down on the mounting 41 of the base slab 4, one wall panel 21 is fixed in a predetermined position and the other wall panel 21 is opened to be moved as illustrated in FIG. 13. In this case, one wall panel 21 is fixed to be located in a predetermined position, and the wall unit 2A increases its independence as the other wall panel 21 is opened. Accordingly, the wall unit 2A can be easily and smoothly set up.

After completing the setting of the first wall unit 2A, the second wall unit 2B as a supporting unit is set up in a position facing the wall unit 2A as illustrated in FIG. 14.

Then, the upper end side supporting portion 5 is placed roughly in the center of the space surrounded by the outer wall portion 20 of the two pairs of the wall units 2A, 2B as illustrated in FIG. 15.

Next, the roof panel 31 carried near the base slab 4, which is manufactured in a plant similar to the wall units 2A, 2B, is set up.

At first, the roof panel 31 is hoisted by the wire 351 fixed on the hanging ring 35, and the roof panel 31 is moved to a position where the lower end 31a is placed on the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21.

Then, the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 is inclined in the direction of the upper end side supporting portion 5 with the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21 as a supporting point. This roof panel 13 is a high rigidity member made of the shell member and the face member. Therefore, the roof panel 31 is stabilized even if a structure for supporting both ends in which the lower end 31a is supported by the upper end face 21a and the upper end 31b is supported by the jig 51 of the upper end side supporting portion 5 is adopted.

After placing the first roof panel 31, the second roof panel 31 or later is sequentially placed similar to the first roof panel 31 as illustrated in FIG. 16.

After completing the placing of the wall units 2A, 2B and the roof panel 31, the finishing member is placed between the roof panels 31, 31 and the wall panels 21, 21.

This finishing member includes the long finishing member 36 arranged in the edge of eaves of the roof portion 3 and the outside corner protection member 26 arranged between the wall panels 21, 21.

This finishing member 36 is placed to close the space between the lower end 31a of the roof panel 31 and the upper side of the exterior board 211 of the wall panel 21.

The outside corner protection member 26 is arranged in the space between the wall panels 21, 21, which is the connection between the side ends of the wall units 2A, 2B as illustrated in FIGS. 5, 17.

After completing the exterior building frame as described above, the floor finishing face 43 inside the prefabricated building 1 is constructed and the utility work is also performed.

The prefabricated building 1 can be easily constructed in a short time by the above-described processes. If the above-described processes are performed in reverse, the prefabricated building 1 can be easily disassembled.

In the above, the roof portion 3 is constructed by combining the trapezoidal roof panels 31, but the roof panel 3 is not limited thereto. For example, FIG. 18 is a plan view illustrating a roof portion 30 constructed by combining four square roof panels 310.

This roof panel 310 has portions which become the ridges of the roof portion 30. These portions are flexible bend portions 310a, so that the roof panel 310 can be conveyed in a folded state. Therefore, compared to one trapezoidal roof panel 31, this roof panel can be effectively carried.

Next, the function of the prefabricated building 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

In the prefabricated building 1 according to the present embodiment as constructed above, the outer wall portion 20 is constituted by the wall units 2A, 2B each of which has the two wall panels 21, 21 flexibly coupled by the hinge 22. Therefore, the wall units 2A, 2B can be easily conveyed in a folded state. Additionally, since the wall panels 21, 21 can be set up in a desired position by expanding the wall units 2A, 2B, the wall units 2A, 2B are easily positioned.

Namely, after taking down the wall unit 2A on the mounting surface 41, if one wall panel 21 is fixed on the mounting surface 41, the other wall panel 21 can be moved to a predetermined position in a stable state.

The roof panel 31 is bridged to the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21 and the jig 51 of the upper end side supporting portion 5, so that the roof panel can be easily placed. This bridging operation can be carried out by operating a crane, and the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 can be fixed to the frame member 511 of the jig 51 from the inside of the building. Therefore, the operation can be safely and easily performed while reducing the need for work in high places.

Moreover, if all of the roof panels 31 are fixed to the frame member 511 of the jig 51, the roof portion 3 is structurally stabilized, so that the extension bar 52 of the upper end side supporting portion 5 can be removed; thus, the room inside can be widely used.

The size and the shape of the window 25 and the door 32 are not limited as long as they are placed within the range of the wall panel 21. Since the wall panel 21 and the roof panel 31 are separated, even if the size of each panel is increased, the panel can be conveyed. Therefore, the size of each panel is less restricted, and it is excellent in the freedom degree in terms of architectural design.

EMBODIMENT 1

Next, a building constructed by connecting a plurality of prefabricated buildings described in the above embodiment will be described. In addition, the same terms and the same reference numbers are used for describing the portions similar to or the same as the portions described in the above embodiment.

FIGS. 19, 20 are views each describing a constitution of two adjoined buildings 61 as a building constructed by coupling two prefabricated buildings 611, 612 each having a different size.

These two prefabricated buildings 611, 612 constituting the two adjoined buildings 1 placed on a base slab 614 are coupled such that a part of each wall is overlapped with each other.

These prefabricated buildings 611, 612 are erected, respectively, by the processes similar to the processes of the prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment, so that the building 61 can be easily constructed even if it is constructed of two adjoined buildings.

FIGS. 21, 22 are views each describing a constitution of three adjoined buildings 62 constructed by connecting three prefabricated buildings 621, 622, 623 each having a different size.

These three prefabricated buildings 621, 622, 623 of the three adjoined buildings 62 placed on a base slab 625 are connected such that a part of each wall is overlapped with each other at an angle.

These prefabricated buildings 621, 622, 623 are erected, respectively, by the processes similar to the processes of the prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment, so that the three adjoined buildings 62 can be easily constructed.

FIGS. 23, 24 are views each describing a constitution of three adjoined buildings 63 constructed by connecting into a substantially C-shape in planar view three prefabricated buildings 631, 632, 633 each having a different size.

As illustrated in FIG. 24, a base slab 635 is constructed on an inclined piece of land in a staircase pattern, and the three prefabricated buildings 631, 632, 633 are located on that slab such that a part of each wall is overlapped with each other, and the three adjoined buildings 63 are constructed.

Since these prefabricated buildings 631, 632, 633 are erected, respectively, by the processes similar to the processes of the prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment, the three adjoined buildings 63 can be easily constructed.

Other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 1 are similar to those in the above embodiment; thus, the description thereof will be omitted.

EMBODIMENT 2

Next a prefabricated building having a planar shape different from that of the prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment will be described. In addition, the same terms and the same reference numbers are used for describing the portions which are similar to or the same as the portions described in the above embodiment.

More particularly, although the plane square prefabricated building 1 is described in the above embodiment, the present invention can be applied to a plane polygonal shape such as a pentagonal shape and a hexagonal shape except a square. Therefore, a plane hexagonal prefabricated building 7 will be described in this Embodiment 2.

This prefabricated building 7 includes an outer wall portion 70 as an outer edge supporting portion having six wall panels 711 placed on a mounting surface 731 of a base slab 73 as illustrated in FIGS. 25, 26. One wall panel 711 constituting the outer wall portion 70 is provided with an entrance.

The lower end of the trapezoidal roof panel 721 is placed on the upper end face of the outer wall portion 70, the upper end of the roof panel 721 is supported by a jig 75 and the upper side of the jig 75 is closed.

The outer wall portion 70 of this prefabricated building 7 includes two pairs of wall units each having three wall panels 711 flexibly connected via hinge portions, for example. The two pairs of wall units are placed on the mounting surface 731, so that the outer wall portion 70 is constructed.

As illustrated in FIGS. 27, 28, a wall unit 71 in which the six wall panels 711 are flexibly connected via the hinge portions 713 is manufactured, and the outer wall portion 70 can be constructed by setting up the wall unit 71.

In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 27, the wall unit 71 is carried in a folded state, the wall unit 71 is hoisted by a hoisting attachment 712, and taken down on the mounting surface 731 in that state.

Then, as illustrated in FIG. 28, the folded wall unit 71 is gradually expanded, and the plane regular hexagonal outer wall portion 70 is formed.

Next, the function of the prefabricated building 7 of Embodiment 2 will be described.

The plane regular hexagonal prefabricated building 7 described above is constructed by combining the square wall panels 711 and the trapezoidal roof panels 721.

Moreover, even if it is a polygonal prefabricated building except a square and a regular hexagonal shape, it can be easily constructed by combining the square wall panels and the trapezoidal roof panels similar to the prefabricated building 7 in this Embodiment 2.

Furthermore, by flexibly connecting all of the wall panels 711 constituting the outer wall portion 70, the outer wall portion 70 can be constructed by single carriage and hoisting. In addition, an operation which connects the wall panels 711, 711 on the mounting surface 731 can be omitted. Additionally, in a process which sequentially fixes the wall panels 711 on the mounting surface 731, since the wall panel 711 which is not fixed is guided to a predetermined position, the wall panel 711 can be easily positioned; thus, the outer wall portion 70 can be smoothly constructed.

Other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 2 are similar to those of the above embodiment or another embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

EMBODIMENT 3

Next, a building which is constructed by connecting a plurality of prefabricated buildings 1, 7 described in the above embodiment and Embodiment 2 will be described.

In addition, the same terms and the same reference numbers are used for describing the portions which are similar to or the same as the portions described in the above embodiments.

FIGS. 29, 30 are views each describing a constitution of a three buildings hexagonally adjoined 80 as a building constructed by coupling three prefabricated buildings 8 each having the same size.

In the three buildings hexagonally adjoined 80, the three prefabricated buildings 8 are connected such that one side of each prefabricated building 8 has contact with one side of a neighboring prefabricated building 8.

The side with which the right and left prefabricated buildings 8, 8 illustrated in FIG. 29 have contact includes a beam-column unit 82 as a supporting unit arranged placed over the prefabricated buildings 8, 8 on both sides. This beam-column unit 82 is set up in a position facing the wall unit 81, and supports the lower end of a roof portion 83 similar to the wall unit 81.

Namely, this beam-column unit 82 includes column members 822, 822 set up at the corner portions of the hexagonal shape, a beam member 821 bridged between the upper ends of the column members 822, 822, and a coupling portion 823 of the column member 822 and the beam member 821. The lower ends of the roof portions 83, 83 on both sides are placed on the upper end faces of the coupling portion 823 and the beam material 821.

By providing the beam-column unit 82 as described above, a communicated wide space in which the prefabricated buildings 8, 8 are not divided by a wall can be obtained.

The side with which the left side and the upper side prefabricated buildings 8, 8 in FIG. 29 have contact includes a partition unit 85 as a supporting unit placed over the prefabricated buildings 8, 8 on both sides. This partition unit 85 is set up in a position facing the wall unit 81, and supports the lower end of the roof portion 83 similar to the wall unit 81. By providing such a partition unit 85, the prefabricated buildings 8, 8 can be divided by a wall, so that separated rooms can be obtained.

FIG. 31 is a view describing the constitution of three irregularly adjoined buildings 91 constructed by connecting the hexagonal buildings 912, 912 as prefabricated buildings to the both sides of a square building 911 as a prefabricated building, respectively.

The three irregularly adjoined buildings 91 include a communication portion 914 with which the square building 911 and the hexagonal buildings 912, 912 have contact. The beam-column unit is placed in a part of the communication portion 914 as a supporting unit, and the wall unit is also placed in a portion other than that portion.

By connecting a plurality of prefabricated buildings each having a different shape in planar view, various shape buildings can be constructed.

FIG. 32 is a view describing a constitution of a large building 92 as a building constructed by connecting seven hexagonal buildings 921-927.

This large building 92 is constructed by connecting each of the six hexagonal buildings 922-927 to each side of the hexagonal building 921 placed in the center. The six hexagonal buildings can communicate with each other by using beam-column units as supporting units, or can be divided by using partition units.

In the above large building 92 constructed by connecting many prefabricated buildings 921-927, the height of the roof portion can be reduced compared to a building in which one hipped roof is provided in the same floor area.

Other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 3 are the similar to those in the above embodiment or another embodiment; thus, the description thereof will be omitted.

EMBODIMENT 4

Next, a building constructed by connecting a plurality of prefabricated buildings having a constitution which communicates inside the prefabricated buildings will be described. In addition, the same terms and the same reference numbers are used for the portions which are similar to or the same as the portions described in the above embodiments.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view illustrating an outer appearance of four adjoined buildings 93 as a building constructed by connecting four prefabricated buildings 931A-931D. As illustrated in FIG. 34, the four adjoined buildings 93 are erected by connecting the prefabricated buildings 931A-931D each having a substantial square in planar view to be a substantial square in the entire planar view.

Each of the prefabricated buildings 931A-931D has two sides facing the external portion. These two sides are made of a wall unit 932 each having wall panels 932a, 932a. A cross wall unit 934 and wing wall units 933 as inner wall units are only locally placed among the neighboring prefabricated buildings 931A-931D, so that a communicated interior space without using a partition is formed.

FIG. 35 is an enlarged plan view illustrating the crossing section (XXXV portion in FIG. 34) of the wing wall unit 933 and the wall panels 932a, 932a forming the outer wall. A cover member 932b is provided between the wall panels 932a, 932a on the outer portion side.

This wing wall unit 933 is a supporting unit set up in the border of the prefabricated building 931A and the prefabricated building 931B, and is placed over both of the prefabricated buildings 931A, 931B. In detail, cross-sectional substantially U-shaped steel stocks are set up in the prefabricated buildings 931A, 931B on the wall panel side 932a and the room center side, respectively, at intervals as the longitudinal materials 933a. A wooden frame 933c is bridged in the horizontal direction between the longitudinal materials 933a, 933a, and inner wall plates 933b, 933b are fixed onto the wooden frames 933c, so that the integrated wing wall unit 933 having the inner wall plates 933b, 933b respectively on both of the prefabricated building 931A, 931B sides is formed.

On the other hand, the cross wall unit 934 as an inner wall unit is placed in the center of a room where the corner portions of the four prefabricated buildings 931A-931D are gathered. This cross wall unit 934 has a substantially cross shape in planar view. Since the constitution except the shape of the cross wall unit is roughly the same as that of the wing wall unit 933, the description thereof will be omitted.

This cross wall unit 934 is placed among the four prefabricated buildings 931A-931D.

FIG. 36 is a sectional view illustrating the four adjoined buildings 93 as seen in the arrow direction of XXXVI-XXXVI in FIG. 34. As illustrated in FIG. 36, each of the roof portions 953, 935 provided in each of the prefabricated buildings 931A, 931B has the lower end on the outer wall side placed on the upper end face on the wall unit 932, and the lower end on the room center side placed on the upper end faces of the cross wall unit 934 and the wing wall unit 933.

As illustrated in FIG. 34, since a partition such as a wall is not placed between the wing wall unit 933 and the cross wall unit 934, a large communicated indoor space can be formed.

FIG. 37 is a view describing a concept for providing flexible roof panels 942, 943 in four adjoined buildings 94 which are constructed similar to the above four adjoined buildings 93. This four adjoined buildings 94 are constructed by connecting prefabricated buildings 941A-941D each having constitutions similar to those of the wall unit 932, the wing wall unit 933 and the cross wall unit 934 of the above-described prefabricated building 931A-931D.

The roof portion 940 of the four adjoined buildings 94 has four roof panels 942 each having a substantially square shape in planar view, which are placed over the neighboring prefabricated buildings 941A-941D and four roof panels 934 each having a substantially isosceles triangle shape in planar view, which are placed in the prefabricated buildings 941A-941D, respectively.

Each of the roof panels 942 includes a portion which is provided in the border among the prefabricated buildings 941A-941D. This portion is a flexible bend portion 942a such as a hinge portion. This roof panel 942 can be folded into an isosceles triangle, so that it can be effectively carried.

Each of the roof panels 943 also has a portion which becomes a ridge of each prefabricated building 941A-941D. This portion is also a flexible bend portion 943a. The roof panel 943 can be folded in half, so that it can be easily carried.

Next, an operation which sets up these roof panels 942, 943 will be described with reference to FIG. 38.

At first, the outer edge supporting portions of each prefabricated building 941A-941D such as a wall unit 945 and an inner wall unit 944 are set up on the base slab 4. The upper end side supporting portion 5 having the jig 51 is set up in substantially center of each prefabricated building 941A-941D.

When setting up the roof panel 942, the folded roof panel 942 is hoisted by a crane, the bend portion 942a is placed on the upper end face of the inner wall unit 944, and the roof panel 942 is expanded toward the jigs 51,51 on the prefabricated building 941A, 941B sides, respectively.

Regarding the roof panel 943, the lower end is placed on the upper end face of the wall unit 945, and the upper end is inclined toward the jig 51 with the upper end face as a supporting point. Consequently, the roof panel 943 is set up.

Since the roof panels 942, 943 as constructed above are flexibly formed by means of the bend portions 942a, 943a, the panels can be effectively conveyed with a folded state. The roof panels 942, 943 are placed on a plurality of prefabricated buildings 941A-941D at one time, so that they can be fixed in a short time. Accordingly, the roof panel is excellent in operation performance.

Moreover, other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 4 are similar to those of the above embodiment or another embodiment; thus, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, a specific constitution is not limited thereto. It should be appreciated that variations may be made in the embodiment described by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In the above embodiments, for example, the prefabricated buildings 1, 7 each having the same length of each side such as a plane square shape and a plane regular hexagonal shape are described. However, the prefabricated building is not limited thereto.

Moreover, in the above embodiments, the wall unit 2B, the beam-column unit 82, the partition unit 85, the wing wall unit 933, the cross wall unit 943 and the like are described as the supporting unit. However, the supporting unit is not limited thereto, and the supporting unit can be a single outer wall panel or a single inner wall panel.

Claims

1. A prefabricated building which is constructed by combining a previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting surface, comprising:

an outer edge supporting portion which supports a lower end of a roof, the outer edge supporting portion being formed by a wall unit in which at least two wall panels are flexibly coupled and a supporting unit which is set up in a position facing the wall unit, or being formed by a wall unit in which three or more wall panels are flexibly connected;

a roof portion formed by a plurality of roof panels; and

an upper end side supporting portion having a jig which places an upper end of the roof panel and a supporting body which transfers a load to the mounting surface, the jig and the supporting body being separatably connected, and the upper end side supporting portion being set up in a portion surrounded by the outer edge supporting portion to project above an upper end face of the outer edge supporting portion.

2. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the supporting unit is a wall unit in which at least two wall panels are flexibly coupled.

3. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the supporting unit is a beam-column unit including a column member and a beam member.

4. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein in the wall unit in which the three or more wall panels are flexibly connected, all of side end faces of the wall panels are flexibly connected to side end faces of neighboring wall panels.

5. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the wall panel includes an inner wall board via a wooden frame bridged on an inner face side of a steel shell member.

6. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein

the outer edge supporting portion is formed in a plane polygonal shape, and

the roof panel is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which a length of an upper end is shorter than that of a lower end.

7. The prefabricated building according to claim 6, wherein the jig includes a plane polygonal shape in which a length of one side is a length of an upper end of the roof panel, and is configured to place a lower end of the roof panel on an upper end face of the outer edge supporting portion and to support the upper end of the roof panel by one side of the Jig.

8. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the roof panel includes a flexible bend portion in a portion which is a ridge of the roof portion.

9. A method of constructing a prefabricated building by combining a previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting surface, comprising:

a step of fixing in a predetermined position of the mounting surface one wall panel of a wall unit in which at least two wall panels are flexibly coupled;

a step of fixing in a predetermined position the other wall panel by moving the other wall panel according to the fixed wall panel;

a step of completing an outer edge supporting portion which supports an lower end of a roof by setting up another wall unit or a supporting unit when the outer edge supporting portion which supports a roof panel is not completed only by the wall unit;

a step of setting up an upper end side supporting portion in which a jig which places an upper end of the roof panel and a supporting body which transfers a load to the mounting surface are separatably connected inside a portion surrounded by the outer edge supporting portion, so as to project above an upper end face of the outer edge supporting portion;

a step of placing a lower end of the roof panel onto the upper end face of the outer edge supporting portion, and supporting the upper end of the roof panel by one side of the jig; and

a step of removing the supporting body from the jig.

10. A building constructed by connecting a plurality of prefabricated buildings set forth in claim 1.

11. The building according to claim 10, wherein the supporting unit is placed over the neighboring prefabricated buildings.

12. The building according to claim 11, wherein the supporting unit is an inner wall unit which is locally placed between the neighboring prefabricated buildings.

13. The building according to claim 11 wherein a part of the roof panel is disposed over the neighboring prefabricated buildings, and the roof panel has a flexible bend portion in a portion which is placed on the supporting unit.