Collecting device for body fluids
A body waste collecting device comprising a collecting pouch and an adhesive wafer for attachment to the body, said adhesive wafer comprises a backing layer, a first adhesive and an additional second adhesive, wherein said additional second adhesive comprises a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system.
The present invention relates to a collecting device for attachment to human skin and for collecting bodily waste e.g. an ostomy device.
BACKGROUNDCollecting devices for collecting bodily waste, ostomy appliances, wound or fistulae drainage bandages or devices for collecting urine are usually in the form of a receptacle, e.g. a bag, pouch or tube for receiving the waste, connected to an adhesive wafer that can be attached to the skin of the patient. The wafer is typically in the form of a backing layer coated on the skin-facing surface with an adhesive layer and the wafer may further be provided with an aperture for accommodating the body opening. The size and shape of said aperture can often be adapted individually to fit the anatomy of the patient.
One of the crucial part of such devices is the adhesive wafer. The wafer should be able to fit leak proof around the body opening, have good adherence to the skin without unintended detachment from the skin, but at the same time be easy to remove again without damaging the skin. Furthermore, the wafer should be able to follow the movements of the body and be comfortable to wear.
When designing a skin adhesive one of the major issues is to keep the skin relatively dry underneath the adhesive to prevent maceration. Maceration occurs when the skin is unable to get rid of moisture from transpiration and outlet from a body opening. This may result in degradation of the skin's barrier function as well as bad adhesion of the device to the skin.
Usually, skin adhesive keeps the skin dry by absorbing moisture. Absorbing particles or hydrocolloids (HC) are mixed into an adhesive matrix in order to absorb moisture from the skin and thereby the skin is kept relatively dry. This technique is well known in the art and forms the basis for most ostomy adhesives that are commercially available see, e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,192,785.
To improve the ability of the adhesive wafer to resist leakage, some wafers include a secondary adhesive surrounding a first adhesive center. The first adhesive is positioned adjacent to the output source and the secondary adhesive supplies additional leakage resistance. U.S. Pat. No. 4,775,374 describes an adhesive construction, wherein both the first and the secondary adhesive are hydrocolloid (HC) based. In this adhesive construction, both the first and the second adhesive are sensitive to the output that they are supposed to resist. Additionally, they will both swell when getting in contact with the output. Thus, the failure mechanism is the same for both adhesives and the added protection is limited. Other products, such as the Microskin adhesive with washer sold by Cymed, include a first and a second adhesive where the second outer adhesive is an acrylic adhesive. Acrylic adhesives are known to cause allergic reactions on skin and are therefore problematic. Furthermore, known secondary adhesives strip or otherwise damage the skin upon removal, which can be painful and discomforting to the user.
It has now surprisingly been found that by combining a standard HC adhesive with a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system, the problem with allergic reactions can be avoided. Furthermore, the standard HC adhesive and the cross-linked adhesive system are very different in adhesion properties. Thus, the two adhesives characteristics can complement each other to achieve better adhesion than one of the adhesives could achieve alone. Finally, the polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system is non-damaging and less painful to remove, providing a more comfortable secondary adhesive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates to a body waste collecting device comprising a collecting pouch and an adhesive wafer for attachment to the body, said adhesive wafer comprises a backing layer, a first adhesive and an additional second adhesive, wherein said additional second adhesive comprises a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system.
The invention is disclosed more in detail with reference to the drawings in which
The aim of the invention is to provide a body waste collecting device that includes a first adhesive and an additional second adhesive, wherein said additional second adhesive comprises a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system.
By body waste collecting device is meant a device being able to collect and hold the output in a collecting item for a predefined time. The holding in place of the device may be obtained by a skin adhesive and the collection may be obtained by a bag.
In an embodiment of the invention a body waste collecting device comprises a collecting pouch and an adhesive wafer for attachment to the body, said adhesive wafer comprises a backing layer, a first adhesive and an additional second adhesive, wherein said additional second adhesive comprises a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system.
The polyalkyleneoxide polymer and the organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system does not absorb the moisture but rather permeate the water away from the skin surface. Thus, the swelling effect caused by the hydrocolloids will usually not occur. The adhesion is usually obtained by wetting and affinity to the skin.
The additional second adhesive is used for security and protection for the user in order to avoid leakages and to obtain longer wear time.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first adhesive is located adjacent to the body waste source, usually an ostomy or a fistula.
By located adjacent to is meant that the subject is located close to or even in contact with the other subject.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first adhesive is a hydrocolloid pressure sensitive adhesive.
A standard and conventional hydrocolloid (HC) pressure sensitive adhesive is a skin friendly adhesive that is capable of adhering to the skin, handling perspiration by absorbing the moist and being removable from the skin without essential damage.
A typical pressure sensitive adhesive is based on a polyisobutylene, PIB (adhering substance) and carboxy methyl cellulose, CMC (absorbing media).
A typical HC pressure sensitive adhesive as used today is a highly filled hydrocolloid system with a matrix of polymers that exhibit flow as well as cohesive properties. The hydrocolloids absorb the moisture from perspiration and output from the body and the polymers adhere to the skin through skin polymer affinity and the polymers flow into the small cavities of the skin. The cohesion of the adhesive ensures that erosion is minimised and that the wafer is removed in one piece and that minimal adhesive residues are left at the skin.
The collecting device according to the invention combines the mechanical and adhesive properties of the two kinds of known skin adhesives as described above. A negative effect of the swelling of the hydrocolloid-based skin adhesive is used according to the invention in a beneficial way to provide a sealing effect. In the use of an ostomy appliance the requirements from the adhesive in the peri stomal area are often different as the use varies within stoma type, body shape, user patterns etc.
When using a hydrocolloid adhesive as the first adhesive according to the invention, the peri stomal area of the adhesive wafer tends to be stiffer resulting in a fixation of the skin in the inner part of the wafer and a more soft and flexible part in the outer zone. The slightly stiffer inner zone is typically obtained from the high filler rate of absorbing particles and choice of adhesive materials that are stiffer than the additional second adhesive.
Such an embodiment according to the invention is especially beneficial when used in cases where very liquid or skin aggressive output is exposed to the inner hole of the adhesive wafer for a long time. A typical example is the use of a 2-piece appliance for ileo ostomy where the adhesive wafer stays on the skin for several days.
The additional second adhesive of the invention comprises a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system.
As used herein a cross-link means a small region in a macromolecule (polymer chain structure) from which more than 2 chains emanate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive comprises the reaction product of:
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- (i) a polyalkyleneoxide polymer having one or more unsaturated end groups and
- (ii) an organosiloxane comprising one or more Si—H groups, carried out in the presence of an addition reaction catalyst.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive comprises more than 90% w/w of the polyalkylene oxide polymer that consists of polymerised alkyleneoxide moities having three or more carbon atoms.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive comprises the reaction product of:
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- (i) a polyalkyleneoxide polymer having at least two unsaturated end groups and wherein more than 90% w/w of the polyalkylene oxide polymer consists of polymerised alkyleneoxide moities having three or more carbon atoms,
- (ii) a polysiloxane cross-linking agent comprising 3 or more Si—H groups and optionally
- (iii) a polysiloxane chain extender comprising up to 2 Si—H groups carried out in the presence of an addition reaction catalyst.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the addition reaction catalyst is a Pt vinyl siloxane complex.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight percent of polyalkylene oxide in said reaction product is 60% or above.
The polyalkylene oxide polymer having one or more unsaturated groups may be branched or linear.
However, suitably, the polyalkylene oxide polymer is linear and has two unsaturated end groups.
In one particular embodiment of the invention, the polyalkylene oxide polymer is polypropyleneoxide.
The polypropylene oxide having unsaturated end groups may be a compound of formula
CH2═C(R1)—(Z)—O—(X)n—(W)—C(R2)═CH2 (Ia)
or
CH(R1)═CH—(Z)—O—(X)n—(W)—CH═CH(R2) (Ib)
wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen and C1-6-alkyl;
Z and W is C1-4-alkylene;
X is —(CH2)3—O— or —CH2—CH(CH3)—O—; and
n is 1-900, more preferred 10-600, or most preferred 20-600.
The number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene oxide having unsaturated end groups is suitably between 500 and 100,000, more preferred between 500 and 50,000 and most preferred between 1,000 and 35,000.
Polypropylene oxide having unsaturated end groups may be prepared as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,248,915 and International Publication No. WO 05/032401 or analogously to the methods described therein. Other polyalkylene oxide polymers may be prepared analogously.
The polysiloxane cross-linking agent comprising 3 or more Si—H groups is suitable a compound having the formula
R—SiO(R,R)—(SiO(R,R))m—Si—(R,R,R) (II)
wherein at least three of the groups R are hydrogen and the rest of the groups R are each independently selected from C1-12-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C6-14-aryl, and C7-12-arylalkyl; and m is 5 to 50, or preferably 10 to 40. The number average molecular weight as determined by GPC is suitably 500-3,000.
One or more cross-linking agents of formula (II) may be used in the cross-linking reaction.
In one embodiment of the invention, a mixture of one or more cross-linking agents of formula (II) comprising 3 or more Si—H groups and a polysiloxane chain extender comprising up to 2 Si—H groups is used in the cross-linking reaction.
The polysiloxane chain extender is suitably a compound having the formula
R3—SiO(R3,R3)—(SiO(R3,R3))m—Si—(R3,R3,R3) (III)
wherein up to 2 of the groups R3 are hydrogen and the rest of the groups R3 are each independently selected from C1-12-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C6-14-aryl, and C7-12-arylalkyl; and m is 0 to 50. The number average molecular weight as determined by GPC is suitably between 200 and 65,000, most preferably between 200 and 17,500.
As used herein C1-12-alkyl means a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, C1-8-alkyl means a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and C1-6-alkyl means a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl.
As used herein C1-4-alkylene means a linear or branched divalent alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methylene, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylenes and isobutylene.
As used herein C3-8-cycloalkyl means a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, such as cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
As used herein C6-14-aryl means a phenyl or naphthyl group optionally substituted with C1-6-alkyl, such as tolyl and xylyl.
As used herein C7-12-arylalkyl means aryl attached to a C1-6-alkyl group, where C1-6-alkyl and aryl is as defined above, such as benzyl, phenethyl and o-methylphenethyl.
In the compound of formula (II) and in the compound of formula (III), the groups R and R3, which are not hydrogen, are suitably each independently selected from a member of the group C1-6-alkyl, C6-14-aryl or C7-12-arylalkyl.
The Si—H groups may be situated at either end of the compound of formula (II). However, at least one Si—H group is preferably positioned within the —(SiO(R3,R3))m— chain of the compound of formula (II).
The polysiloxane cross-linking agent and the chain extender may be prepared as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-224706 and International Publication No. WO 05/032401 or analogously to the methods described therein.
An addition reaction is, in its simplest terms, a chemical reaction in which the atoms of an element or compound react with a double bond or triple bond in an organic compound by opening up one of the bonds and becoming attached to it, forming one larger compound. Addition reactions are limited to chemical compounds that have multiple-bonded atoms. Hydrosilylation is an addition reaction between, for example, a carbon-carbon double bond in a compound and a reactive hydrogen from a hydrogen siloxane.
Suitable addition reaction catalysts are any hydrosilylation catalysts, preferably platinum (Pt) catalysts. Pt-catalysts for the first part of the two-component sealant are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,248,915. In consideration of toxicity potential, Pt complex catalyst where Pt is at a valency state of zero is preferred. Preferred catalysts are platinum-vinylsiloxanes and platinum-olefin complexes, such as Pt-divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane.
The reaction is suitably carried out neat at a temperature between 25° C. and 150° C. It is not necessary to use a solvent for the reaction, which is an advantage for any adhesive, but especially for skin applications.
Suitably, the ratio of the number of reactive Si—H groups in the polysiloxane cross-linking agent to the number of unsaturated groups in the polypropylene oxide, which are reactive with Si—H groups under the reaction conditions, is between 0,2 and 1,0.
The amount of polysiloxane used for the cross-linking is suitably less than 15% w/w and more preferred below 10% w/w of the amount of polyalkylene oxide polymer having unsaturated end groups.
The cross-linking reaction does not lead to complete cross-linking of all the polyalkylene oxide polymers. The adhesive comprises a mixture of cross-linked and non cross-linked polyalkylene oxide polymers.
The additional second adhesive according to the invention may contain other conventional ingredients for adhesive compositions, such as tackifiers, extenders, non-reactive polymers, oils (e.g. polypropylenoxide, ethyleneoxide-propyleneoxide copolymers, mineral oil), plastizisers, fillers, and surfactants. The adhesive may also comprise pharmaceutically active ingredients. These optional ingredients may be present in the reaction mixture during the cross linking reaction.
It may be advantageous that the first adhesive comprises absorbent particles. According to an embodiment of the invention the first adhesive comprises absorbent particles.
The particles may be absorbent particles such as hydrocolloids, microcolloids or super absorbers in order for the composition to absorb moisture from skin.
Microcolloid particles are well-known in the art e.g. from International Publication No. WO 02/066087, which discloses adhesive compositions comprising microcolloid particles. The microcolloid particles may have a particle size of less than 20 microns.
The first adhesive may comprise 1 to 60% w/w of hydrocolloid (HC) or super absorbent particles (SAP) particles, more preferred 30 to 60% w/w particles.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first adhesive comprises absorbent particles.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the absorbent particles are selected from hydrocolloids, microcolloids and super absorbers.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first adhesive is located on the skin-facing surface of the additional second adhesive.
By the skin-facing surface of the adhesive is meant the side adhering to the skin.
By located is meant where the additional second adhesive is placed on the collecting device and specifies the position of the additional second adhesive or the first adhesive on the collecting device.
In another embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive is located on the pouch-facing surface of the adhesive wafer.
By the pouch-facing surface or non-skin-facing surface is meant the side of the adhesive or backing pointing away from the skin (non-bonding side).
According to one embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive is located at the outer rim of the adhesive wafer.
By the outer rim portion of the adhesive wafer is meant the portion essentially outside the welding zone or coupling. This portion is less exposed to faeces but has to handle perspiration as well as mechanical exposure due to movements and pull from the bag.
By the inner rim portion of the adhesive wafer is meant the portion in the perianal, peristomal or fistal area. This area of the adhesive is exposed to faeces or exudates as well as perspiration. The properties of the inner rim portion depend on wear time, output type and anatomy among others.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive is in the form of a ring.
By an adhesive ring is meant an adhesive, essentially surrounding the body opening that needs to be drained or a ring covering the outer or inner rim of the adhesive wafer
According to one embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive is part of a ring such as a half ring covering 180 degrees of a circle.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first adhesive only covers a part of the additional second adhesive on the skin-facing surface.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive partly covers the adhesive wafer.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the additional second adhesive partly covers the skin-facing surface of the first adhesive.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the adhesive wafer has a recess for adapting the first adhesive.
The collecting device could be pre-shaped with a recess that fits the first adhesive to be built in the device. A recess could be a cut-out of part of the additional second adhesive.
By adapting is meant that the first adhesive is cast within the collecting device.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the device has an optional backing layer for the first adhesive.
Sealing an opening refers to protection of an opening from output, for example use of a paste around a stoma at the rim of the perineal skin or the rim of a fistula.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the body waste source is a stoma.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the body waste source is a fistula.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the body waste source is an anus.
By a body waste source is meant a natural or artificial body opening such as an anus, a stoma or a fistula.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the collecting device is an ostomy appliance.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the collecting device is a faecal collecting device.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the collecting device is a fistula collecting device.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the collecting pouch is detachable.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the collecting pouch is integrated with the wafer.
The collecting pouch may be detachable from the adhesive wafer by a coupling system or the pouch and the wafer may be integrated with the wafer, e.g. by welding. The two versions are known as one piece or two-piece appliances for ostomy.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTSThe invention is now explained more in detail with reference to the drawings showing preferred embodiments of the invention.
Claims
1. A body waste collecting device comprising wherein said additional second adhesive comprises a polyalkyleneoxide polymer and an organosiloxane based cross-linked adhesive system.
- a collecting pouch
- an adhesive wafer for attachment to the body, comprising a backing layer a first adhesive an additional second adhesive,
2. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the polyalkylene oxide polymer is polypropyleneoxide.
3. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the first adhesive comprises absorbent particles.
4. The collecting device according to claim 3, wherein the absorbent particles are selected from hydrocolloids, microcolloids and super absorbers.
5. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the first adhesive is a hydrocolloid pressure sensitive adhesive.
6. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the first adhesive is located adjacent to the body waste source.
7. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the first adhesive is located on the skin-facing surface of the additional second adhesive.
8. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the additional second adhesive is located on the pouch-facing surface of the adhesive wafer.
9. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the additional second adhesive is located at the outer rim of the adhesive wafer.
10. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the additional second adhesive is in the form of a ring.
11. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the first adhesive partly covers the additional second adhesive on the skin-facing surface.
12. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the additional second adhesive partly covers the adhesive wafer.
13. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive wafer has a recess for adapting the first adhesive.
14. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the device has an optional backing layer for the first adhesive.
15. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting device is an ostomy appliance.
16. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting device is a faecal collecting device.
17. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting device is a fistula collecting device.
18. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting pouch is detachable.
19. The collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting pouch is integrated with the wafer.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 18, 2008
Publication Date: Feb 10, 2011
Inventors: Esben Stroebech (Hoersholm), Anders Back (Koebenhavn)
Application Number: 12/736,553
International Classification: A61F 5/449 (20060101);
