RETROFIT WELLBORE FLUID INJECTION SYSTEM
A fluid injection system for a wellbore includes an adapter configured to be retained in a safety valve landing nipple. The landing nipple is disposed in a production tubing inserted in the wellbore. The adapter includes a first sealed fluid passage between a part of the tubing disposed above the adapter and a first fluid injection line disposed in a part of the tubing below the adapter. The adapter includes a second sealed fluid passage between a part of the tubing below the adapter and a second fluid injection line disposed inside the tubing above the adapter. The second fluid injection line extends to a wellhead at an upper end of the wellbore.
Not applicable.
Statement regarding federally sponsored research or development
Not applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates generally to the field of artificial lift and safety valves for hydrocarbon producing wells. More specifically, the invention relates to fluid injection devices that can be retrofit into an existing subsurface safety valve landing nipple.
2. Background Art
Oil wells that produce for an extended period of time typically will require artificial lift to be able to continue to produce oil when natural reservoir pressure is no longer sufficient to lift the oil to the Earth's surface. One such artificial lift technique is to inject gas into the produced fluid, so-called “gas lift”, which assists the lifting of the produced fluids by lowering their effective density. By lowering the effective density of the produced fluid, less hydrostatic pressure is exerted against the producing formation, thereby enabling pressure remaining in the reservoir to move the produced fluid to the surface.
If a well equipped with a downhole safety valve (DHSV) is to be equipped with a gas lift system, typically the well completion system needs to be completely removed from the well and replaced because it is generally impracticable to hang off a gas lift system through the DHSV while maintaining the operation of the DHSV.
The foregoing may also apply to chemical injection into certain wellbores, for example, chemicals used to dewater gas producing wells. See, for example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0266537 filed by Hansen et al.
There is a need for systems to enable retrofit fluid injection into a completed wellbore without the need to remove an existing completion system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONA fluid injection system for a wellbore according to one aspect of the invention includes an adapter configured to be retained in a safety valve landing nipple. The landing nipple is disposed in a production tubing inserted in the wellbore. The adapter includes a first sealed fluid passage between a part of the tubing disposed above the adapter and a first fluid injection line disposed in a part of the tubing below the adapter. The adapter includes a second sealed fluid passage between a part of the tubing below the adapter and a second fluid injection line disposed inside the tubing above the adapter. The second fluid injection line extends to a wellhead at an upper end of the wellbore.
A method for installing a gas injection system in a wellbore according to another aspect of the invention includes extending a first fluid injection tubing into a production tubing into the wellbore. An adapter is coupled to an upper end of the first injection tubing. The adapter is configured to be retained in a safety valve landing nipple. The landing nipple is disposed in a production tubing inserted in the wellbore. The adapter includes a first sealed fluid passage between a part of the production tubing disposed above the adapter and a first fluid injection tubing, and a second sealed fluid passage between a part of the production tubing below the adapter and a second fluid injection tubing disposed inside the production tubing above the adapter. The second fluid injection line extends to a wellhead at an upper end of the wellbore. The adapter is lowered into the wellbore and engaged with the safety valve landing nipple. A second fluid injection tubing is extended into the production tubing and is a engaged with the adapter.
Other aspects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.
The illustration in
The fluid injection valve adapter (6) may include a wireline deployed safety valve (7) of any type known in the art, for example, the one described in the Crowe '438 patent referenced above. The fluid injection valve adapter (6) may include internal connections (explained below) to enable operation of the safety valve (7) using the existing control line (5) that is coupled to the landing nipple (4). The safety valve (7) may be mounted alongside a fluid injection pipe string (8), which may be a jointed pipe string or a continuous length of tubing that may be deployed by a coiled tubing deployment unit, as will be explained below with reference to
The fluid injection string (8) is used to transport fluid, for example, gas, down to a gas lift valve (9) mounted in the lower end of the fluid injection string (8). A plurality of individual gas lift valves can be installed at predetermined positions along the fluid injection string (8) if, for example, so-called side pocket mandrels are used. Non-limiting examples of gas lift valves and systems including side pocket mandrels are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,066,198 issued to Decker.
The fluid injection valve adapter system (6) may deployed into the tubing (2), and is then landed in the safety valve landing nipple (4). The foregoing deployment operation can be performed using an armored electrical cable (“wireline”), a wellbore intervention rod, coiled tubing or any other conveyance device known in the art. After the fluid injection adapter system (6) is landed in the landing nipple (4), the fluid injection line (10) can be deployed through the wellhead until the fluid injection line (10) lands into the fluid injection valve adapter system (6). A hang-off system (not shown) can be used in the wellhead (not shown) to enable gas injection, chemical injection, electrical coupling to downhole tools, etc. through the fluid injection line (10).
It should also be noted that a safety valve can be mounted between the fluid injection valve adapter (6) and the fluid injection string (8). Alternatively such a safety valve can be mounted onto the tubing string extending below the wireline deployed safety valve (7) to control wellbore fluid production. Such a safety valve can be connected to the same hydraulic supply as the production safety valve (7), either via the control line (5) mounted externally on the tubing (2) or via a control line incorporated from surface onto the fluid injection line (10) retrofitted into the existing tubing (2). Such a control line can be strapped externally on the fluid injection line (10), using clamping devices commonly known to the industry. Examples of such control lines will be shown in and explained with reference to
A stinger system incorporating a seal stem (13), and if required, a latching anchor system (not shown separately), can be coupled to a telescoping travel joint (14) coupled between the fluid injection line (10) and the seal stem (13). The telescoping travel joint (14) is used to take up any depth misalignment and temperature expansions and contractions of the fluid injection line (10) above the fluid injection adapter system (6). The seal stem (13) seals the fluid injection line in a passage in the adapter system (6) so that fluid (15) pumped through the injection line (10) is constrained to flow into the fluid injection string (8) from the fluid injection line (10). Fluid (15), for example gas, can be injected through the fluid injection line (10) as shown by downward arrows and move into the fluid injection string (8), while fluid production to the surface can simultaneously take place through the existing production tubing (2) as shown by upward arrows. The fluid injection string (8) can also be used as an injection tubing for chemical treatments, for example in gas well dewatering using a foaming agent.
In some cases the existing safety valve landing nipple (4) may not have sufficient weight supporting capacity to support the hanging weight of the fluid injection valve adapter system (6). In such cases, a slip-type gripping system (not shown) or similar device can be incorporated in the fluid injection adapter system (6) to assist in supporting the weight thereof.
Also, several gas lift valves, chemical injection valves, etc., can be placed at various places along the fluid injection string (8) suspended below the valve adapter system (6) as explained above with reference to
In a particular implementation of the adapter system shown in
A system according to the invention can also provide for placing a safety valve deeper in the wellbore than the existing safety valve landing nipple (4 in
In
In
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims
1. A fluid injection system for a wellbore, comprising:
- an adapter configured to be retained in in a production tubing inserted in the wellbore, the adapter including a first sealed fluid passage between a part of the tubing disposed above the adapter and a first fluid injection line disposed in a part of the tubing below the adapter, the adapter including a second sealed fluid passage between a part of the tubing below the adapter and a second fluid injection line disposed inside the tubing above the adapter, the second fluid injection line extending to a wellhead at an upper end of the wellbore.
2. The adapter of claim 1 wherein the adapter is configured to be retained in a safety valve landing nipple.
3. The fluid injection system of claim 1 further comprising at least one gas lift valve disposed in the first fluid injection line.
4. The fluid injection system of claim 1 further comprising a safety valve disposed in the second sealed passage below the adapter.
5. The fluid injection system of claim 4 further comprising an hydraulic connector configured to establish hydraulic connection between the safety valve and an hydraulic control line coupled to the landing nipple.
6. The fluid injection system of claim 4 further comprising an electrical connector configured to establish electrical connection between the safety valve and an electrical control line coupled to the landing nipple.
7. The fluid injection system of claim 1 further comprising an electrical connector disposed on a lower end of the second fluid injection line, the electrical connector configured to make electrical connection between a first electrical cable disposed on the second fluid injection line through the adapter to a second electrical cable disposed on the first fluid injection line.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the first sealed fluid passage comprises at least one of an electrical cable, a fiber optical cable and an hydraulic line extending from the wellhead to the adapter, the adapter including internal connections between the at least one of a electrical cable, fiber optic cable and hydraulic line in the first sealed fluid passage and at least one of an electrical cable, a fiber optic line and an hydraulic line extending to a device disposed below the adapter.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein the at least one of an electrical cable, a fiber optic line and an hydraulic line extending to a device disposed below the adapter replaces the first fluid injection line.
10. The fluid injection system of claim 8 further comprising at least one sensor disposed on the first fluid injection line.
11. The fluid injection system of claim 1 further comprising an hydraulic connector disposed on a lower end of the second fluid injection line, the hydraulic connector configured to make hydraulic connection between a first hydraulic line disposed on the second fluid injection line through the adapter to a second hydraulic line disposed on the first fluid injection line.
12. A method for installing a fluid injection system in a wellbore, comprising:
- extending a first fluid injection tubing into a production tubing into the wellbore;
- coupling an adapter to an upper end of the first injection tubing, the adapter configured to be retained in a safety valve landing nipple, the landing nipple disposed in a production tubing inserted in the wellbore, the adapter including a first sealed fluid passage between a part of the production tubing disposed above the adapter and a first fluid injection tubing, the adapter including a second sealed fluid passage between a part of the production tubing below the adapter and a second fluid injection tubing disposed inside the production tubing above the adapter, the second fluid injection line extending to a wellhead at an upper end of the wellbore;
- lowering the adapter into the wellbore and engaging the adapter with the safety valve landing nipple;
- extending a second fluid injection tubing into the production tubing; and
- engaging a lower end of the second fluid injection tubing with the adapter.
13. The method of claim 9 further comprising pumping fluid into the second injection tubing.
14. The method of claim 10 wherein the fluid comprises gas.
15. The method of claim 11 further comprising opening a gas lift valve disposed at a selected position along the first fluid injection tubing.
16. The method of claim 9 further comprising extending an armored electrical cable into the second injection tubing, through the adapter and into the first injection tubing, engaging the armored electrical cable to a device disposed in the first injection tubing, and removing the device from the first injection tubing by withdrawing the armored electrical cable.
17. The method of claim 9 wherein the extending the first fluid injection tubing comprises extending a coiled tubing.
18. The method of claim 9 wherein the lowering the adapter comprises extending an armored electrical cable.
19. The method of claim 9 wherein the extending the second fluid injection tubing comprises extending a coiled tubing.
20. The method of claim 9 further comprising operating a safety valve disposed in the second fluid passage.
21. The method of claim 17 wherein the operating the safety valve comprises pumping hydraulic fluid into a control line coupled to the landing nipple.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 7, 2010
Publication Date: Jul 7, 2011
Inventor: Henning Hansen (Alicante)
Application Number: 12/683,489
International Classification: E21B 43/16 (20060101);