SUCTION DEVICE
A suction device comprises a first element, a second element, and an intermediate element. The first element comprises a first control volume having a first pressure. The second element comprises a second control volume having a second pressure. The intermediate element is controlled by the first pressure of the first control volume of the first element and the second pressure of the second control volume of the second element. When the first control volume of the first element is varied, the varied first control volume of the first element can substantially have the first pressure under automatic pressure compensation by the second pressure of the second control volume of the second element via the intermediate element.
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This Application claims priority of Taiwan Patent Application No. 099113019, filed on Apr. 26, 2010, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The invention is related to a suction device, especially to a predetermined-pressure suction device which can form a blister on human skin.
2. Description of the Related Art
The inner layer of human skin is dermis consisting of skin appendages such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, nerves, blood vessels, sweat glands, lymphatic vessels, and fibroblasts which secrete collagen and elastin. The outer layer of the skin is epidermis composed of keratinocytes at different differentiation stages. A basal cell layer is located between the epidermis and dermis. When stress such as friction, heat, or negative pressure is applied on the skin a blister may form which is characterized by tissue fluid built between the epidermis and dermis. A blister can be induced on purpose for medical applications including extracting the blister fluid for biochemical analyses, obtaining the blister roof for an epidermal graft, isolating cells from blister roof for cell therapy, or administering medicines directly on the dermis. A common way to induce a blister with negative pressure (so-called “suction-blistering”) is covering the skin with a suction vessel and then applying a predetermined negative pressure (generally 150-400 mmHg, for example) until the blister is formed (about 1 to 4 hours). During the procedure of generating negative pressure, all of the openings of the suction vessel should be closed, and the appliance for generating negative pressure is switched on until the pressure in the suction vessel reaches a predetermined level. Then, the negative pressure-generating appliance may be turned off or left on until the blister forms within the suction plate (the part that directly attaches to the skin). However, a little amount of air may leak into the suction vessel, reducing the negative pressure, because of the unstable sealing between the suction plate and the skin. Therefore, if the negative pressure-generating appliance is switched off, a pressure gauge is usually connected to the suction vessel for frequent monitoring of the pressure. When reduction of negative pressure is detected, the negative-pressure generating appliance is switched on again to regain the pressure. Without frequent checking at the pressure gauge, leakage will not be detected until hours later when the blister fails to form. Note that adding the pressure gauge increases costs and manual checking and adjusting pressure consumes additional labor. If the negative-pressure generating appliance (an air-extracting motor, for example) is left on continuously a constant pressure can be automatically maintained for hours. However, with the appliance running for hours, the noise can be annoying, the energy consumption is high, and the wear and the occupancy of the appliance are high, which are disadvantages.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe suction device of the invention can be applied to blister formation on a skin surface, negative pressure wound therapy, cupping therapy, blood drawing, biopsy, and drawing fluid of a human body from a skin surface (for example, milk, pus, and wound discharge). In addition to being inexpensive, having a simple structure, being easy to operate, being disposable, and not requiring power, the suction device of the invention can automatically adjust the negative pressure to the predetermined level in case of a little air leakage.
The suction device of the invention includes a first element, a second element, and an intermediate element. The first element includes a first control volume having a first pressure. The second element includes a second control volume having a second pressure. The intermediate element is controlled by the first pressure of the first control volume in the first element and the second pressure of the second control volume in the second element. When the first control volume of the first element is varied to a varied first control volume, automatic pressure compensation on the varied first control volume happens according to the second pressure of the second control volume in the second element via the intermediate element, so that the varied first control volume of the first element has the first pressure, substantially.
The ratio of the first pressure of the first control volume in the first element to the second pressure of the second control volume in the second element is a predetermined ratio. The second control volume of the second element is varied to a varied second control volume after the automatic pressure compensation, and the predetermined ratio of the first pressure of the varied first control volume in the first element to the second pressure of the varied second control volume in the second element is maintained.
The suction device of the invention further includes a suction plate, communicated with the first control volume or the varied first control volume of the first element. The first pressure of the first control volume in the first element or the first pressure of the varied first control volume in the first element produces a suction action on an object via the suction plate.
The present invention further provides a suction device. The suction device includes a first element, a second element, and an intermediate element. The first element includes a first container. The second element includes a second container. The intermediate element includes a first action end and a second action end, both of which are disposed in the first container and the second container, respectively. When the second element is moved relatively to the first element, a first control volume is formed in the first container between an end of the first element and the first action end of the intermediate element, and a second control volume is formed in the second container between an end of the second element and the second action end of the intermediate element. The first control volume in the first container of the first element has a first pressure, the second control volume in the second container of the second element has a second pressure, and the ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is a predetermined ratio. When one of the second control volume in the second container of the second element and the first control volume in the first container of the first element is varied, automatic pressure compensation happens on the other one. Therefore, the varied first control volume in the first container of the first element has the first pressure, the varied second control volume in the second container of the second element has the second pressure, and the predetermined ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is maintained.
The predetermined ratio is the ratio of a second sectional area of the second action end of the intermediate element to a first sectional area of the first action end of the intermediate element.
The suction device further includes a suction plate, communicated with the first container of the first element or the second container of the second element. The first pressure of the first control volume or the varied first control volume in the first container of the first element or the second pressure of the second control volume or the varied second control volume in the second container of the second element produces a suction action on an object via the suction plate.
The present invention further provides a suction device. The suction device includes a first element, a second element, and an intermediate element. The first element includes a first container. The second element includes a second container communicated with the first container of the first element. The intermediate element includes a first action end and a second action end, both of which are disposed in the first container and the second container, respectively. When the second element is moved relatively to the first element, a first control volume is formed in the first container between an end of the first element and the first action end of the intermediate element, and a second control volume is formed in the second container between an end of the second element and the second action end of the intermediate element. The first control volume in the first container of the first element has a first pressure, the second control volume in the second container of the second element has a second pressure, and the ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is a predetermined ratio. When the second control volume in the second container of the second element is varied, automatic pressure compensation happens on the first control volume in the first container of the first element. Therefore, a varied first control volume in the first container of the first element has the first pressure, a varied second control volume in the second container of the second element has the second pressure, and the predetermined ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is maintained.
The predetermined ratio described above is the ratio of a second sectional area of the second action end of the intermediate element to a first sectional area of the first action end of the intermediate element.
The suction device of the invention further includes a suction plate and a valve element. The valve element is disposed between the first control volume of the first container of the first element and the suction plate. The suction plate is communicated with the first control volume in the first container of the first element. The first pressure of the first control volume in the first container of the first element produces a suction action on an object via the suction plate.
The present invention can be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The following description is of the best-contemplated mode of carrying out the invention. This description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is best determined by reference to the appended claims.
The suction device of the invention can generate a pressure (for example, a negative pressure) on a surface of an object (for example, human skin), and then, by the pressure, suck the surface of the object to achieve a particular effect (for example, forming a blister between the epidermis and dermis). To explain the invention easily, the structure of the elements concerned with the suction device of the invention in the drawings are presented in a cross-section view, and the related operation proceeds in the environment set to one atmosphere (1 ATM). It is noted that although the operation environment in the following embodiments is set to one atmosphere, people who are skilled in the art should know that there are different pressure conditions in different environments and the environment should not be limited to one atmosphere.
As shown in
The first element 1a includes a first body 10a, a first opening 101, a second opening 102, and a plurality of first flanges 10f. The first body 10a is provided with a first container 100, a first end 10e1, a second end 10e2, two bottoms 100b1, 100b2, and a hollow cylinder with an inner diameter D1. The first opening 101 and the second opening 102 are formed at the first end 10e1 and the second end 10e2 of the first body 10a, respectively, communicated with the first container 100. A plurality of the first flanges 10f are disposed on the first body 10a, adjoining the second opening 102.
The second element 2a includes a second body 20a, an opening 201, and a plurality of second flanges 20f. The second body 20a is provided with a second container 200, a first end 20e1, a second end 20e2 (a closed end), and a hollow cylinder with an inner diameter D2. The second end 20e2 is a closed end. The opening 201 is formed at the first end 20e1 of the second body 20a, communicated with the second container 200. A plurality of the second flanges 20f are disposed on the second body 20a, adjoining the opening 201. The inner diameter D2 of the second body 20a of the second element 2a is smaller than the inner diameter D1 of the first body 10a of the first element 1a. A plurality of the second flanges 20f of the second element 2a and a plurality of the first flanges 10f of the first element 1a constitute an engaging structure L (the details will be described with
The intermediate element T includes a shaft H0, a first action end H1 with a first sectional area A1, and a second action end H2 with a second sectional area A2. The first action end H1 and the second action end H2 are disposed on the shaft H0, interacting via the connection of the shaft H0. As shown in
The suction plate 3 is a hollow cylinder structure (for example, formed by rubber or other soft materials) including a body 30, a ring-like flange 31, a first opening 301, and a second opening 302. The first opening 301 and the second opening 302 are formed at two sides of the body 30 respectively. The flange 31 is disposed on the peripheral of the body 30.
The valve element 4 including three connection ports 41, 42, and 43 is disposed between the first element 1a and the suction plate 3. The valve element 4 is used to control flow of a working fluid (for example, air) in the first element 1a and the suction plate 3. The connection ports 41 and 42 are connected to the first opening 101 of the first element 1a and the second opening 302 of the suction plate 3, respectively. The cover 5 can be rotated to open or close the connection port 43 of the valve element 4. In the embodiment, the valve element 4 is a T type three-direction valve element.
Note that for the suction device Ma in an initiate state (as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Refer to
It will be understood from the sectional structure of the first element 1a and the second element 2a shown in
When the force F2 is used to pull the second element 2a from the first location r21 to the second location r22, the second element 2a is moved away from the first element 1a, and the second element 2a and the first element la are separated slightly (as shown in
The first pressure P1 of the first element 1a=−1 atmosphere×(the second sectional area A2 of the second action end H2/the first sectional area A1 of the first action end H1).
Namely, there is a predetermined ratio between the first pressure P1 of the first control volume CV1 in the first element 1a and the second pressure P2 of the second control volume CV2 in the second element 2a. In the embodiment, the predetermined ratio is the ratio of the second sectional area A2 of the second action end H2 to the first sectional area A1 of the first action end H1.
As shown in
In the initiate state, the suction device Ma sticks on the object W (as shown in
In the initiate state, the suction device Ma sticks on the object W (as shown in
Following, related experimental data will be described. Take the suction device Ma, as an example.
It is assumed that the first element 1a and the second element 2a are two syringes with volume 20 CC and 5 CC, respectively (both have a location indicating calibration 0) and the first opening 101 of the first element 1a is connected to a pressure gauge (not shown in figures) for displaying the pressure value. The area ratio of the second action end H2 to the first action end H1 (the second sectional area A2/the first sectional area A1) is 0.426. Thus, producing a negative pressure of 32.4 cmHg can be estimated (76 cmHg×0.426=32.4 cmHg).
After the cover 5 is removed from the connection port 43 of the valve element 4 and the second element 2a is pushed to the bottom 100b1 of the first element la to release the inner air, the connection port 43 of the valve element 4 is sealed again with the cover 5. At this time, the second action end H2 is located at calibration 0 of the second element 2a; the first action end H1 is located at calibration 0 of the first element 1a; and the pressure gauge displays that the negative pressure value of the first opening 101 of the first element 1a is zero.
When the engage structure L is used to position the second element 2a on the first element 1a (as shown in
The main difference between the suction device Ma′ and the suction device Ma of the first embodiment is that a latch structure 6 in the suction device Ma′ replaces the engage structure L in the suction device Ma. When a force F2 pulls the second element 2a to move away from the first element 1a and the second element 2a and first element 1a is separated slightly (similar to the operation of
The main difference between the suction device Mb of the second embodiment and the suction device Ma of the first embodiment is that the suction device Mb of the second embodiment is the suction device Ma of the first embodiment, used inversely.
The suction device Mb includes a first element 1b, a second element 2b, an intermediate element T, a suction plate 3, a valve element 4, and a cover 5.
The first element 1b includes a first body 10b, an opening 102′, and a plurality of first flanges 10f. The first body 10b is a hollow cylinder provided with a first container 100, a first end 10e1, a second end 10e2, and two bottoms 100b1, 100b2. The opening 102′ is formed at the second end 10e2 of the first body 10b, and communicated with the first container 100. A plurality of the first flanges 10f are disposed on the first body 10b, adjoining the opening 102′.
The second element 2b includes a second body 20b, a first opening 201′, a second opening 202′, and a plurality of second flanges 20f. The second body 20b is a hollow cylinder provided with a second container 200, a first end 20e1, and a second end 20e2. The first opening 201′ and the second opening 202′ are formed at the first end 20e1 and the second end 20e2 of the second body 20b respectively, communicated with the second container 200. A plurality of the second flanges 20f are disposed on the second body 20a, adjoining the first opening 201′. The inner diameter D2 of the second body 20a of the second element 2a is smaller than the inner diameter D1 of the first body 10a of the first element 1a. A plurality of the second flanges 20f are disposed on the second body 20b, adjoining the first opening 201′.
The intermediate element T includes a shaft H0, a first action end H1 with a first sectional area A1, and a second action end H2 with a second sectional area A2. The first action end H1 and the second action end H2 are disposed on the shaft H0, interacting via the connection of the shaft H0. On the other hand, the second action end H2 of the intermediate element T is disposed in the second container 200 via the opening 201′ of the second element 2b, and is contacted with the inner wall 200s1 of the second body 20b of the second element 2b in a slidable manner. Also, the first end 20e1 of the second element 2b is inserted in the first container 100 of the first body 10b of the first element 1b via the second opening 102′ of the first element 1b.
The valve element 4 including three connection ports 41, 42, and 43 is disposed between the second element 2b and the suction plate 3. The valve element 4 is used to control flow of a working fluid (for example, air) in the second element 2b and the suction plate 3. The connection ports 41 and 42 are connected to the second opening 202′ of the second element 2b and the second opening 302 of the suction plate 3, respectively. The connection port 43 of the valve element 4 is sealed with the cover 5.
When a force pulls the first element 1b to move away from the second element 2b, the first action end H1 and the second action end H2 of the intermediate element T are simultaneously driven by the first element 1b, so that a first control volume CV1 having a first pressure P1 and a second control volume CV2 having a second pressure P2 are generated in the first container 100 of the first body 10b of the first element 1b and in the second container 200 of the second body 20b of the second element 2b, respectively. Thus, the second control volume CV2 having the second pressure P2 in the second element 2b can be used to produce a suction action on an object W to form a bulge w0. When a little air G leaks into the space between the suction plate 3 and the object W temporally, the second control volume CV2 of the second element 2b increases and the pressure of the second control volume CV2 of the second element 2b decrease. At this time, automatic pressure compensation on the second control volume CV2 of the second element 2b according to the first control volume CV1 having the first pressure P1 in the first element 1b via the movement of the intermediate element T. Therefore, a varied second control volume of the second element 2b still has the second pressure P2, which can continue the suction action on the object W to form the bulge w0.
While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
Claims
1. A suction device, comprising:
- a first element, comprising a first control volume having a first pressure;
- a second element, comprising a second control volume having a second pressure; and
- an intermediate element, controlled by the first pressure of the first control volume in the first element and the second pressure of the second control volume in the second element,
- wherein when the first control volume of the first element is varied to a varied first control volume, automatic pressure compensation happens on the varied first control volume according to the second pressure of the second control volume in the second element via the intermediate element, so that the varied first control volume of the first element has the first pressure, substantially.
2. The suction device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the first pressure of the first control volume in the first element to the second pressure of the second control volume in the second element is a predetermined ratio, and the second control volume of the second element is varied to a varied second control volume after the automatic pressure compensation, and the predetermined ratio of the first pressure of the varied first control volume in the first element to the second pressure of the varied second control volume in the second element is maintained.
3. The suction device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
- a suction plate, communicated with the first control volume or the varied first control volume of the first element,
- wherein the first pressure of the first control volume in the first element or the first pressure of the varied first control volume in the first element produces a suction action on an object via the suction plate.
4. A suction device, comprising:
- a first element, comprising a first container;
- a second element, comprising a second container; and
- an intermediate element, comprising a first action end and a second action end, wherein the first action end and the second action end are disposed in the first container and the second container, respectively,
- wherein when the second element is moved relatively to the first element, a first control volume is formed in the first container between an end of the first element and the first action end of the intermediate element, and a second control volume is formed in the second container between an end of the second element and the second action end of the intermediate element, wherein the first control volume in the first container of the first element has a first pressure, the second control volume in the second container of the second element has a second pressure, and the ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is a predetermined ratio, and
- when one of the second control volume in the second container of the second element and the first control volume in the first container of the first element is varied, automatic pressure compensation happens on the other one of the second control volume in the second container of the second element and the first control volume in the first container of the first element, so that the varied first control volume in the first container of the first element has the first pressure, the varied second control volume in the second container of the second element has the second pressure, and the predetermined ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is maintained.
5. The suction device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the predetermined ratio is the ratio of a second sectional area of the second action end of the intermediate element to a first sectional area of the first action end of the intermediate element.
6. The suction device as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:
- a suction plate, communicated with the first container of the first element or the second container of the second element,
- wherein the first pressure of the first control volume or the varied first control volume in the first container of the first element or the second pressure of the second control volume or the varied second control volume in the second container of the second element produces a suction action on an object via the suction plate.
7. A suction device, comprising:
- a first element, comprising a first container;
- a second element, comprising a second container communicated with the first container of the first element; and
- an intermediate element, comprising a first action end and a second action end, wherein the first action end and the second action end are disposed in the first container and the second container, respectively,
- wherein when the second element is moved relatively to the first element, a first control volume is formed in the first container between an end of the first element and the first action end of the intermediate element, and a second control volume is formed in the second container between an end of the second element and the second action end of the intermediate element, wherein the first control volume in the first container of the first element has a first pressure, the second control volume in the second container of the second element has a second pressure, and the ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is a predetermined ratio, and
- when the second control volume in the second container of the second element is varied, automatic pressure compensation happens on the first control volume in the first container of the first element, so that a varied first control volume in the first container of the first element has the first pressure, a varied second control volume in the second container of the second element has the second pressure, and the predetermined ratio of the first pressure to the second pressure is maintained.
8. The suction device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the predetermined ratio is the ratio of a second sectional area of the second action end of the intermediate element to a first sectional area of the first action end of the intermediate element.
9. The suction device as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
- a suction plate, communicated with the first control volume in the first container of the first element,
- wherein the first pressure of the first control volume in the first container of the first element produces a suction action on an object via the suction plate.
10. The suction device as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:
- a valve element, disposed between the first control volume of the first container of the first element and the suction plate.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 2, 2010
Publication Date: Oct 27, 2011
Applicant: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE (HSINCHU)
Inventors: Bin-Ru She (Hsinchu County), Yeou-Bin Guu (Taichung City), Yu-Mei Chen (Taichung City)
Application Number: 12/959,242
International Classification: F04B 49/00 (20060101);