MODULAR RATCHET CAP
A method of assembling selected modular ratchet cap assemblies. In one aspect, the method includes the acts of providing identical threaded portions, providing identical cover portions, providing a first vent module, providing a second vent module different from the first vent module, selecting the first vent module and coupling together the first vent module with one of the identical threaded portions and one of the identical cover portions to form a first cap assembly, and selecting the second vent module and coupling together the second vent module with another one of the identical threaded portions and another one of the identical cover portions to form a second cap assembly. In other aspects, the method includes assembling first and second cap assemblies with identical cover portions and threaded portions, but having different pawl members providing different cap-installing torque limits. In other aspects, the method includes providing first and second cap assemblies with similar components, but having covers or portions thereof provided with different individualized characteristics for different applications.
The present application is a divisional of co-pending U.S. patent application No. 11/624,709, filed Jan. 19, 2007, which claims priority to U.S. patent application No. 60/760,670, filed Jan. 20, 2006, entitled VENT INCLUDING A SEPARATOR MEMBRANE, and to U.S. patent application No. 60/760,613, filed Jan. 20, 2006, entitled MODULAR RATCHET CAP, and to U.S. patent application No. 60/760,674, filed Jan. 20, 2006, entitled LOCKING CAP, and to U.S. patent application No. 60/862,077, filed Oct. 19, 2006, entitled LOCKING CAP, and to U.S. patent application No. 60/862,074, filed Oct. 19, 2006, entitled VENT INCLUDING A SEPARATOR MEMBRANE, and to U.S. patent application No. 11/624,708, filed Jan. 19, 2007, entitled LOCKING CAP, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,624,889, issued Dec. 1, 2009, and to U.S. patent application No. 11/624,711, filed Jan. 19, 2007, entitled VENT INCLUDING A SEPARATOR MEMBRANE, and is related to U.S. patent application No. ________, filed _________ (Attorney Docket No. 053196-9021-03), entitled MODULAR RATCHET CAP, the entire contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates to caps for closing respective openings, such as a filling tube of a fuel tank and, more particularly the invention relates to modular cap assemblies.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn independent aspects and in some constructions, the invention provides modular cap assemblies for closing openings, such as a threaded filling tube on a fuel tank.
Independent features and independent advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the detailed description and drawings.
Before any independent features and at least one embodiment of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the construction and the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
Although references are made below to directions, such as left, right, up, down, top, bottom, front, rear, forward, back, etc., in describing the drawings, the references are made relative to the drawings (as normally viewed) for convenience. These directions are not intended to be taken literally or to limit the present invention in any form.
The use of “including”, “having”, and “comprising” and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. The use of letters to identify elements of a method or process is simply for identification and is not meant to indicate that the elements should be performed in a particular order.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONIn independent aspects and in the illustrated constructions, modular cap assemblies are provided. In some constructions, a cap assembly generally includes components which are common to multiple cap configurations and which are used with substitutable components to provide a desired cap configuration (e.g., ratchet cap, locking cap, cap with vent, cap with carbon canister, cap with tether (of various lengths), combinations of one or more of such components, etc.), a desired cap size (e.g., for use with a given size threaded opening with or without such additional substitutable components), a desired cap appearance (e.g., color(s) to meet end operator requirements, various indicators on cap components, etc.), etc. In some constructions, a cap assembly may include replaceable components such that if, for example, a component is worn or damaged (e.g., a ratchet assembly, a locking mechanism, a seal/gasket, etc.), that component may be easily replaced (by the operator, a service center, the manufacturer, etc.) without requiring replacement of the entire cap assembly, or necessarily any of the other components thereof.
A first modular cap assembly 20, which is shown in
The cap assembly 20 includes a cover portion 36, the threaded portion 32, and a pawl member 40 between the cover portion 36 and the threaded portion 32. The pawl member 40 is ring-shaped and is rotatable with the cover portion 36. The cover portion 36 includes recesses 42 and projections 44 (as perceived from the inside of the cover portion 36), and the pawl member 40 includes recesses 46 and projections 48 (see
The pawl member 40 is positioned between a lower-facing surface 52 of the cover portion 36 and an upper-facing surface 56 of the threaded portion 32. Pawl arms 60 on the pawl member 40 engage pawl teeth 64 on the threaded portion 32 to transmit torque from the cover portion 36 through the pawl member 40 to the threaded portion 32. If the torque exceeds a predetermined torque amount (determined at least in part by the construction of the pawl arms 60), the pawl arms 60 flex and ride over the associated pawl teeth 64 such that the pawl member 40 and the cover portion 36 rotate relative to the threaded portion 32, and the torque-transmitting connection between the cover portion 36 to the threaded portion 32 is at least momentarily disengaged.
The operator is able to loosen or un-twist the cap assembly 20 from the mating part (threaded opening, not shown) by gripping the outer profile of the cover portion 36 and twisting, for example, in a counter-clockwise direction. Under this torque load, the pawl member 40 is turned directly by the cover portion 36 through the five recesses 46 and protrusions 48 on the pawl member 40, which engage the recesses 42 and protrusions 44 of the cover portion 36.
In the illustrated construction, the pawl member 40 includes five pawl arms 60, which engage the pawl teeth 64 on the threaded portion 32. Each pawl arm 60 includes a resilient portion 60A and an engagement portion 60B. The engagement portions 60B of the pawl arms 60 are designed to engage definitely (i.e., without slip) under counter-clockwise rotation (e.g., when removing the cap assembly 20 from the mating part) of the cover portion 36 by the operator. The engagement portions 60B of the pawl arms 60 are further designed to provide torque-limited ratchet action under clockwise rotation (e.g., when installing the cap assembly 20 on the mating part) of the cover portion 36 by the operator. When the predetermined torque limit is reached during tightening of the cap assembly 20 by the operator, the pawl arms 60 will deflect from the pawl teeth 64 on the threaded portion 32 and allow the cover portion 36 to rotate relative to the threaded portion 32, alerting the user that an acceptable amount of torque (i.e., the predetermined torque limit) has been reached and protecting the threaded portion 32 from further tightening and potential damage from over-tightening. In the illustrated construction, the pawl arms 60 deflect generally radially inward toward a central axis A of the cap assembly 20 such that the pawl arms 60, regardless of whether or not they are deflecting, are always lying in the same plane transverse to the central axis A.
In the illustrated construction, the cap assembly 20 also includes an assembly ring 68, a retainer 72, and a gasket 76. The retainer 72 snaps together with the threaded portion 32 and provides an attachment location for the tether assembly 28 (if the tether assembly 28 is desired for the particular cap assembly 20 as shown in at least
In other constructions (not shown), the tether assembly 28 is substituted with another different tether assembly (e.g., having a different length and/or interface type, etc.). The tether assembly 28 may be replaced (e.g., if worn, damaged, etc.) or may be removed altogether without affecting the construction of the cap assembly 20 in any other way. For example, alternate tether assemblies, components of which may be substituted for the tether assembly 28 illustrated in at least
As described above, the cap assembly 20 is assembled primarily by snapping adjacent components together. As such, each portion of the cap assembly 20 that snaps together with another portion has at least one engagement portion (e.g., projection, barb, etc.). An alternate substitute part may replace a similar part of the cap assembly 20 as long as it includes the requisite engagement portion. For example, the threaded portion 32 is simply replaced by a similar-shaped part with an internal thread having a different size, pitch, etc. for conforming to industry standards or custom applications. Furthermore, the pawl member 40 and the gasket 76, which do not snap together with any other components, are also easily swapped for alternate substitute or replacement parts. For example, a new pawl member may be introduced to the cap assembly 20 for providing a different torque limit. A new gasket may be introduced to the cap assembly 20, the new gasket having a different cross-sectional shape or being constructed of a different material than the original gasket 76, for example.
Many additional modifications or part substitutions or replacements may also be realized, which enhance the modularity of the cap assembly 20. The assembly ring 68 is simply replaced with different color assembly rings of the same or modified shape to match with color schemes of the associated enclosure or product (e.g., fuel tank, vehicle, etc.) or to provide an indication of the system (e.g., a designation of the contents of the associated enclosure or tank) by color-coding. The cover portion 36 is simply replaced with a substitute cover portion provided with symbols, printed indicia, etc. specific to a particular application and/or manufacturer as discussed further below.
In some independent aspects and in some constructions, the threaded portion 120 may integrate a carbon canister. The cap assembly 20 may include structure which is similar to the canister structure described and illustrated in U.S. patent application No. 11/058,063, filed Feb. 14, 2005, now Publication No. 2006/0011173 A1, published Jan. 19, 2006, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
In some independent aspects and in some constructions, the cap assembly 20 may include a locking mechanism operable between a locked condition, in which the cap is inhibited from being removed from the mating part, and an unlocked condition, in which the cap is removable from the mating part. The locking mechanism may include components which are similar to components of the locking cap described and illustrated in U.S. patent application No. 60/760,674, filed Jan. 20, 2006, U.S. patent application No. 60/862,077, filed Oct. 19, 2006, and U.S. patent application No. 11/624,708, filed Jan. 19, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,624,889, issued Dec. 1, 2009, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
In some independent aspects and in some constructions, the cover portion 36 is provided with an interchangeable top surface to allow internal features to protrude through (e.g., a portion of a locking mechanism, a vent, etc.). The interchangeable top surface may also be provided with varying graphics, indicia, etc., based on, for example, the tank contents, manufacturer/operator requirements, etc., or may provide other imprinted information for the operator.
The pawl member 162 is engaged with the cover portion 154 to prevent substantial relative rotation between the pawl member 162 and the cover portion 154. Respective engagement portions 188 and 192 are provided on the cover portion 154 and the pawl member 162. The pawl member 162 includes pawl arms 196, each including a resilient portion 200 and an engagement portion 204. The engagement portions 204 engage pawl teeth 208 on the threaded portion 158. The engagement between the pawl member 162 and the threaded portion 158 is substantially the same as that described above with reference to the cap assembly 20 in that the pawl member 162 provides only a limited amount of torque to be transmitted to the threaded portion 158 in the cap-installing direction and does not limit the torque in the cap-removing direction.
The gasket 170 is held in place simply by engaging an annular wall 212 extending downwardly from the threaded portion 158. The retainer 166 is therefore not necessary for positioning the gasket 170, but it provides the opening 216 for attaching the tether assembly 28 shown in at least
The vent module 174 consists of a vent member 228 having a vent aperture 232 therein. The vent member 228 has an engagement portion 234 that engages a projection 236 on the threaded portion 158 such that the vent member 228 may be welded to the threaded portion 158. Alternately, the vent member 228 is simply snapped to the threaded portion 158, and in such a construction, an additional gasket may be provided. In a welded construction, alternative welding techniques (e.g., spin welding, ultrasonic welding, etc.) may be employed for coupling plastic or polymeric materials.
As discussed above with reference to the cap assembly 20 and as is discussed further below, various components of the cap assembly 150 may be directly substituted by alternate components and/or simply replaced (e.g., if worn or damaged) without replacing the entire cap assembly 150.
The cap assembly 260 is provided with an alternate vent module 264, which replaces the vent module 174 shown with the cap assembly 150. The vent module 264 includes a vent member 268 and an umbrella valve 272. The umbrella valve 272 is operable to control the in/out flow of air through a pair of vent apertures 274 and through the flow passage of the cap assembly 260 between the inside of the threaded portion 158 and the outside of the cover portion 154. The vent member 268 includes an engagement portion 276 suitable for connection with the projection 236 of the threaded portion 158 and welding thereto. Alternately, the vent member 268 and the threaded portion 158 are provided with mating projections for snapping together.
The vent module 304 includes a vent member 308 having an engagement portion 312 for attachment with the threaded portion 158. The engagement portion 312 fits together with the projection 236 of the threaded portion 158 in a manner suitable for welding the two components together. In an alternate embodiment, the vent member 308 may snap together with the threaded portion 158. The vent member 308 is provided with an opening 316 to receive a tether assembly (e.g., an internal-style tether assembly) if desired.
The vent module 304 includes a retainer plate 320, which retains one end of a pressure relief spring 324 inside the vent member 308. The opposite end of the pressure relief spring 324 is adjacent a valve retainer portion 328. Substantially set into the valve retainer portion 328 is a first valve element 332. The pressure relief spring 324 biases the valve retainer portion 328 and the first valve element 332 toward a shoulder 334 formed on the inside of the vent member 308. A second valve element 336 rests against a bottom portion of the first valve element 332. A vacuum relief spring 340 is positioned adjacent the second valve element 336 to bias the second valve element 336 toward the first valve element 332. Essentially, two seals are formed. A first seal exists between the first valve element 332 and the shoulder 334. A second seal is formed between the first valve element 332 and the second valve element 336. The seals are both annular and lie in a common plane. The seals divide the vent module 304 into a first chamber 344, in which the pressure relief spring 324 resides, and a second chamber 348, in which the vacuum relief spring 340 resides. A first vent passage 352, formed in the retainer plate 320, provides fluid communication between the first chamber 344 and the cap assembly 300. A second vent passage 356, formed in the vent member 308, provides fluid communication between the second chamber 348 and the inside of the threaded portion 158.
In the illustrated construction, the pressure relief spring 324 provides a stronger biasing force than that of the vacuum relief spring 340. Thus, at rest (i.e., zero pressure differential between the first chamber 344 and the second chamber 348) the pressure relief spring 324 biases the first valve element 332 closed against the shoulder 334, and the vacuum relief spring 340 biases the second valve element 336 closed against the first valve element 332. Positive pressure inside the threaded portion 158 (e.g., corresponding to a build-up of pressure within a tank associated with the cap assembly 300) and in communication with the second chamber 348 causes opening of the seal between the first valve element 332 and the shoulder 334. The amount of pressure required to open the seal is dependent upon the pressure relief spring 324, which in some embodiments is configured to compress and allow opening of the seal between the first valve element 332 and the shoulder 334 at a pressure of about 3.5 psi. Negative or vacuum pressure inside the threaded portion 158 (e.g., corresponding to a vacuum effect within a tank associated with the cap assembly 300) and in communication with the second chamber 348 causes opening of the seal between the second valve element 336 and the first valve element 332 as the second valve element 336 compresses the vacuum relief spring 340 and the first valve element 332 is held in position by the shoulder 334. The amount of vacuum pressure required to open the seal is dependent upon the vacuum relief spring 340, which in some embodiments is configured to compress and allow opening of the seal between the second valve element 336 and the first valve element 332 at a vacuum pressure of about 0.5 psi.
The cap assemblies 150, 260, and 300 are provided with respective vent modules 174, 264, and 304. Each of the vent modules 174, 264, and 304 includes a similarly-shaped engagement portion 234, 276, and 312, respectively. Therefore, any of the vent modules 174, 264, and 304 may be directly substituted for each other. When putting together a cap assembly, the threaded portion 158 may be mated to any one of the vent modules 174, 264, and 304 without requiring any special consideration for any of the other components of that particular cap assembly. Essentially, a cap may be assembled except for a vent module and then any one of the vent modules 174, 264, and 304 may be selected for that particular cap assembly. Choosing the vent module 174 completes a cap assembly 150 as shown in
Claims
1. A method of assembling selected cap assemblies, the method comprising the acts of:
- providing identical outer covers;
- providing identical inner portions having threads and having pawl teeth;
- providing a first pawl member positionable between any one of the outer covers and any one of the inner portions, the first pawl member being operable to transmit a cap-installing torque from the one outer cover to the pawl teeth of the one inner portion up to a first predetermined torque;
- providing a second pawl member positionable between any one of the outer covers and any one of the inner portions, the second pawl member being operable to transmit a cap-installing torque from the one outer cover to the pawl teeth of the one inner portion up to a second predetermined torque different from the first predetermined torque;
- selecting the first pawl member for assembly between a first one of the identical outer covers and a first one of the identical inner portions of a first cap assembly, the first pawl member providing an installation torque limit for the first cap assembly equal to the first predetermined torque;
- selecting the second pawl member for assembly between a second one of the identical outer covers and a second one of the identical inner portions of a second cap assembly, the second pawl member providing an installation torque limit for the second cap assembly equal to the second predetermined torque.
- coupling the first outer cover to the first inner portion with the first pawl member therebetween; and
- coupling the second outer cover to the second inner portion with the second pawl member therebetween.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a first pawl member includes providing a first pawl member of a first material, and wherein providing a second pawl member includes providing a second pawl member of a second material, the second material providing a different resiliency than the first material.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the acts of:
- providing a first pawl arm on the first pawl member, the first pawl arm having a first thickness; and
- providing a second pawl arm on the second pawl member, the second pawl arm having a second thickness less than the first thickness.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling the first outer cover with the first inner portion includes directly engaging the first outer cover with the first inner portion in a snap engagement.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling the first outer cover with the first inner portion includes engaging the first outer cover with an assembly ring in a snap engagement, the first inner portion being retained by the assembly ring and coupled to the first outer cover.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the act of assembling each one of the first cap assembly and the second cap assembly with additional components, all of the additional components being identical between the first cap assembly and the second cap assembly.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the additional components include identical gaskets, identical retainer portions, identical tether assemblies, and identical vent modules.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising the act of fitting together inter-engaging recesses and protrusions of the respective outer covers and pawl members of the first and second cap assemblies.
9. A method of assembling selected cap assemblies, the method comprising the acts of:
- providing identical outer covers;
- providing identical inner portions having threads and having pawl teeth;
- providing a first pawl member of a first material, the first pawl member being positionable between any one of the outer covers and any one of the inner portions, the first pawl member being operable to transmit a cap-installing torque from the one outer cover to the pawl teeth of the one inner portion up to a first predetermined torque;
- providing a second pawl member of a second material different than the first material, the second pawl member being positionable between any one of the outer covers and any one of the inner portions, the second pawl member being operable to transmit a cap-installing torque from the one outer cover to the pawl teeth of the one inner portion up to a second predetermined torque different from the first predetermined torque;
- selecting the first pawl member for assembly between a first one of the identical outer covers and a first one of the identical inner portions of a first cap assembly, the first pawl member providing an installation torque limit for the first cap assembly equal to the first predetermined torque;
- selecting the second pawl member for assembly between a second one of the identical outer covers and a second one of the identical inner portions of a second cap assembly, the second pawl member providing an installation torque limit for the second cap assembly equal to the second predetermined torque.
- coupling the first outer cover to the first inner portion with the first pawl member therebetween; and
- coupling the second outer cover to the second inner portion with the second pawl member therebetween.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein coupling the first outer cover with the first inner portion includes directly engaging the first outer cover with the first inner portion in a snap engagement.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein coupling the first outer cover with the first inner portion includes engaging the first outer cover with an assembly ring in a snap engagement, the first inner portion being retained by the assembly ring and coupled to the first outer cover.
12. The method of claim 9, further comprising the act of assembling each one of the first cap assembly and the second cap assembly with additional components, all of the additional components being identical between the first cap assembly and the second cap assembly.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the additional components include identical gaskets, identical retainer portions, identical tether assemblies, and identical vent modules.
14. The method of claim 9, further comprising the act of fitting together inter-engaging recesses and protrusions of the respective outer covers and pawl members of the first and second cap assemblies.
15. A method of assembling selected cap assemblies, the method comprising the acts of:
- providing identical outer covers;
- providing identical inner portions having threads and having pawl teeth;
- providing a first pawl member having a first thickness, the first pawl member being positionable between any one of the outer covers and any one of the inner portions, the first pawl member being operable to transmit a cap-installing torque from the one outer cover to the pawl teeth of the one inner portion up to a first predetermined torque;
- providing a second pawl member having a second thickness different than the first thickness, the second pawl member being positionable between any one of the outer covers and any one of the inner portions, the second pawl member being operable to transmit a cap-installing torque from the one outer cover to the pawl teeth of the one inner portion up to a second predetermined torque different than the first predetermined torque;
- selecting the first pawl member for assembly between a first one of the identical outer covers and a first one of the identical inner portions of a first cap assembly, the first pawl member providing an installation torque limit for the first cap assembly equal to the first predetermined torque;
- selecting the second pawl member for assembly between a second one of the identical outer covers and a second one of the identical inner portions of a second cap assembly, the second pawl member providing an installation torque limit for the second cap assembly equal to the second predetermined torque.
- coupling the first outer cover to the first inner portion with the first pawl member therebetween; and
- coupling the second outer cover to the second inner portion with the second pawl member therebetween.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein coupling the first outer cover with the first inner portion includes directly engaging the first outer cover with the first inner portion in a snap engagement.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein coupling the first outer cover with the first inner portion includes engaging the first outer cover with an assembly ring in a snap engagement, the first inner portion being retained by the assembly ring and coupled to the first outer cover.
18. The method of claim 15, further comprising the act of assembling each one of the first cap assembly and the second cap assembly with additional components, all of the additional components being identical between the first cap assembly and the second cap assembly.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the additional components include identical gaskets, identical retainer portions, identical tether assemblies, and identical vent modules.
20. The method of claim 15, further comprising the act of fitting together inter-engaging recesses and protrusions of the respective outer covers and pawl members of the first and second cap assemblies.
Type: Application
Filed: Jul 29, 2011
Publication Date: Dec 22, 2011
Inventors: Robert Daniel Tharp (Sussex, WI), Michael Joseph Holz (West Bend, WI), Thomas John Graham (Delafield, WI)
Application Number: 13/194,357
International Classification: B23P 11/00 (20060101);