System for evaluating energy consumption
Disclosed is a computerized method which receives energy consumption data from all sources used for the operational functioning of a building, converts consumed energy to BTU form, and establishes a historical energy footprint. System compiles these records for storage in a database capable of sorting data by category and/or value and compares energy to that used by structures of similar construction type and climate zone, improved and unimproved. System and method compares cost to yield data, concluding with the most cost effective and energy efficient method of modifying structures to predictably reduce its energy footprint/consumption per the database of energy consumption patterns. The system measures structures after improvements to verify reduced energy consumption.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is a system with a method for collecting, measuring, analyzing, defining, comparing and predicting the energy consumption in built structures regardless of construction type, size, climate zone and energy source(s) by receiving and processing energy consumption and field survey data, including calculating and recording the heated square footage and area of building envelope of the structure(s) under study, for purposes of reducing the structure's energy consumption.
2. Description of the Prior Art
According to Architecture 2030, Building Sector: A hidden culprit, “data from the US Energy Information Administration illustrates that buildings are responsible for almost half (48%) of all energy consumption and GHG emissions annually; globally the percentage is even greater. Seventy-six percent (76%) of all power plant-generated electricity is used just to operate buildings. Clearly, immediate action in the Building Sector is essential if we are to avoid hazardous climate change.”
Commercial and residential buildings consume about one-third of the world's energy. The U.S., alone, has more than 130 million existing homes consuming energy in various forms. If current building energy usage trends continue, by the 2025, buildings worldwide will be the largest consumers of global energy.
A dialog concerning the limitations of the evaluation platforms we use nationwide to establish a building's energy efficiency/environmental responsibility is overdue. The United States Department of Energy recognizes this and is advocating for a national “energy based” platform. Too many of the platforms that are currently used to establish a building's environmental sensitivity and energy efficiency have been selected for use because 1) users have a history and are familiar with them or, 2) the system's developers, who have become salesmen for their respective systems have a bias toward continued use, 3) the systems' developers have a financial interest in their continued use, and are excellent lobbyists/advocates for their product, and 4) the company now advocating for the system has become an economic powerhouse with the political clout to push their product in the marketplace. None of these is a justifiable rationale for the selection of one platform of analysis over another and none of the existing platforms place an adequate emphasis on energy consumption when addressing existing buildings.
To date over 90 distinctly different, green building codes have been adopted in North America. Each code promotes a unique system of green building analysis (primarily of new buildings), which requires the use of a single modified energy analysis platform or another for its jurisdiction. The result is a confusing maze of half-formed and partially integrated policies and processes. Our nation must have one system to enable us to project, monitor, and control the energy consumption of our massive stock of existing buildings.
Although it is appropriate for regional, local (and ultimately a national) green building code for new construction, to include consideration of, design, engineering, site work, orientation, thermal storage, natural-lighting, quality of insulation, water use and disposal, mechanical and electrical equipment and distribution, interior air quality, renewable energy systems, landscaping and irrigation, effect on the local environment, many of these categories prove to be irrelevant in the analysis of existing buildings. The inability of existing platforms to evaluate, let alone analyze and predict the value of energy consumption reduction alternatives in existing construction without extensive/expensive demolition and/or testing is a disconnect from reality. These platforms lose focus and should be scrapped when it comes to the analysis and improvement of existing buildings. The method we use to analyze, predict, and then measure energy consumption in existing structures must be based on objective science if it to be of long term value.
Increasing the energy efficiency of the planet's existing homes is a more significant goal than the efficiency of new construction. We can build new, net-zero energy structures until the “cows come home”, but we will not significantly decrease our nation's and the world's energy consumption until we make the existing buildings on the planet less energy consumptive.
Environmental responsibility is an aspect of life that Americans are increasingly interested in. Understanding the energy footprint of the buildings we live and work in can provide Americans a meaningful, individual point of responsibility beyond the MPG of the cars we drive. The advent of energy analysis for permitting, rebates, tax credits, etc. has created an awareness and opportunity to establish a unit of measurement defining the “MPG” of how we live.
Today's energy related programs and systems are only marginally effective, at best, in reducing fuel consumption for the supply of energy in buildings. Worse, current energy measurement systems do not focus on existing building, but instead are built around permitting and mandates for new building design and construction. What's more, systems are difficult to understand and do not provide straightforward and reliable information.
As future legislation will likely mandate reductions in actual energy consumed over targeted time periods, along with energy labeling of existing buildings, it will become increasingly necessary to focus exclusively on energy reduction instead of a blended energy rating that takes into account a broad range of “green” factors such as air quality, off-gassing, re-use of materials and so on. This has produced gaps that exist in understanding and measuring the relative and actual impacts of a broad range of energy related improvements.
Energy usage information should be available down to its basics and applied to buildings of all types, including commercial, institutional and government. Further, the premise of investing in retrofits should reach beyond retrofit incentive programs and tax credits which all eventually end, thereby screaming for a system that provides data from which regional return on investment numbers can be derived by owners and stewards of building and perpetuating the real goal of lowering energy consumption at a reasonable cost.
U.S. Patent Application Publications numbered 20070152128, 20060224358, and 20070179034 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,389,157 describe a methodology that verifies residential compliance with the D.O.E. Energy Star Program, energy building codes and other energy rating programs such as Build America's and LEED certification. An information handling system receives data input using blower door tests investigate possible leakage in ducts and openings around the perimeter of structures. The reports that are generated go into a database that includes the results of testing, type of inspections, equipment serial numbers, and invoicing information. This system is limited to making prescriptive recommendations based on compliance requirements for a single use of structure: residential. It does not use historic consumption data to establish a baseline in order to ascertain results after a period of time. Further, the ambiguous rating derived from these tests is based on compensating factors that do not address the central issue: lowering energy consumption.
Applying the points-based platforms currently in wide use (RESNET, Energy 100, etc), which grant points for successfully achieving green construction goals, can become a numbers game, reflective of “liberal” or “conservative” accounting principles. This fact cannot be eliminated, by making the judge and jury on the successful achievement of environmental goals a “neutral third party”. These platforms add a horizontal level of ‘Energy Rater’ in the design, permitting, and construction process. Energy Raters are frequently not familiar, or in rhythm with the design/construction processes. This drives up costs to consumers, and creates another layer of bureaucracy which is susceptible to influence peddling and meddling from powerful individuals, and both consumer and governmental groups. By using these popular points-based platforms it is possible to achieve green construction targets for tax credits without increasing the efficiency and comfort, or decreasing a building's energy footprint, by using technology exigent to the building. The current programs used to rate energy efficiency in existing structures introduce the possibility of corruption, inaccuracy, and inefficiency.
Even worse, using our existing process, after granting tax credits for environmentally responsible design and construction, we don't return to verify the predicted energy consumption/efficiency of the project. In the meantime, the first owner and/or contractor of a “green certified” building can pocket their credits and move on to the next project. This is not the best method of improving the environmental responsibility of new construction. It is certainly not the best method of approaching the prediction and measurement of energy reducing improvements in the remodeling of existing structures.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,243,044 describes a method that benchmarks energy performance, using data from utility companies to prove historical use. The system uses observations derived from seasonal use, sorts information and analysis by construction type, sums and divides energy usage into electrical and fuels categories, inputs weather data for heating and cooling degree days and uses a consumption exchange rate based on BTUs/Square Foot/Hour. This system depends on a large database to derive accurate information but is limited to determining a best thermodynamic breakeven point for heating and cooling in buildings. It does not isolate and recommend building changes or modifications proven to be effective through their database. While comparative studies are made between buildings, this system appears to be merely informational in establishing a temperature for optimal performance in heating and cooling mechanical systems. Further, when considering the energy footprint of a structure, it is of ultimate importance to understand how the interaction of location, siting, and configuration affect energy consumption performance. This method uses the “degree-day” system to equate the performance of buildings in different climate zones. The “degree-day” system masks the “energy choices” inherent in choosing one geographic location over another for any structure, distorting performance in a mistaken attempt to mitigate the effects and reality of climate zones. The HEC system will ultimately, objectively, calculate which areas of the earth and climate zones can be inhabited with the smallest energy footprint and environmental cost. When developing a structure in a specific location, the HEC System can depict the orientation and plan configuration that has historically performed the best in the specific climate zone.
U.S. Patent Application 20090210192 describes a system of using thermal aerial and ground based imaging to assess the efficiency of buildings in certain locations to establish a baseline of buildings in a study area. It is purported to be a comparison of efficient to less efficient thermal characteristics using a plurality of buildings in a concentrated area. While a study such as this could be useful in identifying problems on a macro level, it should be linked to ground based measurements instrumental in a comparative analysis of all buildings of all types in a specific area or climate zone. In this way, there is precise information to measure, compare and analyze actual energy consumed over a statistically valid period of time in order to determine energy savings associated with building and structural modifications and retrofits.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONA dialog concerning the limitations of the evaluation platforms we use nationwide to establish a building's energy efficiency/environmental responsibility is overdue. Over 90 distinctly different, green building codes have been adopted in North America. Each code promotes a unique system of green building analysis (primarily of new buildings), which requires the use of a single modified energy analysis platform or another for its jurisdiction. The result is a confusing maze of half-formed and partially integrated policies and processes. Our nation must have one system to enable us to project, monitor, and control the energy consumption of our massive stock of existing buildings. The inability of existing platforms to evaluate, let alone analyze and predict the value of energy consumption reduction alternatives in existing construction without extensive/expensive demolition and/or testing is a disconnect from reality. These platforms lose focus and should be scrapped when it comes to the analysis and improvement of existing buildings. The method we use to analyze, predict, and then measure energy consumption in existing structures must be based on objective science if it to be of long term value.
The present invention is a system with a method that is used for collecting, measuring, analyzing, defining, comparing and predicting the energy consumption in built structures regardless of construction type, size, climate zone and energy source(s) by receiving and processing energy consumption and field survey data, including calculating and recording the heated square footage and area of building envelope of the structure(s) under study, for purposes of reducing the structure's energy consumption. This computerized system analyzes historical energy consumption to derive historical consumption patterns, compares those patterns to the structure's annual consumption and the annual consumption and consumption patterns of structures of like characteristics. Further, the system determines areas where the energy consumption of the structure can be reduced, determines the percentage change in energy consumption anticipated due to specific improvements to the structure and calculates their cost-to-value. Further, allows for specification by the user of energy consumption reduction target and recommends most cost effective way of achieving this goal. Further, verifies energy consumption changes due to the modification and/or addition to a structure. This computerized system uses multiple, remote information handling systems for receiving inspection data which is exported to a network comprising a central processing unit, an information storage device, and an interactive database. It then calculates, analyzes, compares, and archives the data collected in a Historical Energy Consumption Database at which time the collected data is analyzed by the primary information handling system and makes recommendations to decrease the energy consumption of the structure, reporting them back to the remote information handling system. In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, the circular logic used by the Server I.H.S. and the HEC database allows for the continual evolution of the server and database into a form of artificial intelligence.
It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to provide an objective science-based energy rating system, based on common units of measure, that establishes an easily intelligible mpg of structure's energy performance, delivering a metric and method that can be easily adopted by States and Local governments, is comparable across structures and bridges the gap between modeled and actual energy consumption.
It is another object of the present invention to identify energy performance gaps based on scientific comparison of energy consumption patterns of similar structures.
It is a further object of the present invention to recommend modifications with greatest probability of significant energy reduction in the subject structure, through scientific and statistical modeling versus implying and assuming consumption results, by taking an approach that a large test database can facilitate the modeling required to determine the efficiency and cost effectiveness of changes and investment payback periods with or without the assistance of rebates, tax credits and supplemental government programs.
It is another object of the present invention to minimize inconsistencies in the data collection process by using a formulaic approach, thus negating inexperience in construction or engineering knowledge of a rating provider.
It is a further object of the present invention to set a venue for reevaluation of energy consumption post modification implementation to confirm the energy consumption effects of recommended changes in buildings and building user habits and/or to incorporate findings into the HEC System in order to continually improve the methodology and refine the interactive HEC Database.
It is still another object of the present invention to identify construction defects, inefficient equipment, and underperforming methods without the use of expensive specialized equipment.
It is a further object of the present invention to assist planners, architects, engineers, builders, real estate professionals, energy raters, users, stewards and owners of existing and new buildings to understand the energy performance of structures and apply techniques learned from the use of the HEC System to predict energy consumption prior to undertaking design or construction projects.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide recommendations that motivate investment in existing structures as a better option to undertaking new construction.
These and other objects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in this art upon reading the accompanying description, drawings, and claims set forth herein.
System.
Turning now to the drawings,
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, when paper invoices are collected in
In
In step 102, simultaneous to steps 104 & 106, field inspection data is collected as shown in
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, a Method 900 of using the ratio of the BE Step 904 over the SF Step 902 (BE/SF) is used to compare the energy consumption of structures with similar heated square footage and construction type of varying volume, see
We now calculate HEC-SF, Steps 914 & 916, and HEC-BE, Steps 918 & 920. To calculate HEC-SF, divide the total BTU content of fuels consumed and summed in
To calculate HEC-BE, Steps 918 & 920, divide the total BTU content of fuels consumed and summed in
Upon conclusion of the HEC calculations by remote I.H.S.'s per
After all energy used by a structure is aggregated per
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, Server I.H.S. per
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors,
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors,
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, the circular logic expressed in
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, the HEC Report Card & Evaluation
Step 840 reports the effects of the incorporated changes by stating the 840 pre-change and 844 post-change calculated HEC-SF variables. The change is also reported as an 846 percentage change from the Pre-Mod HEC-SF. Specific changes made and the date of their incorporation are reported in Step 840 also. Step 850 uses data compiled by the HEC database to document the heated square footage, area of the heated building envelope and BE/SF ratio, HEC-SF variable, and HEC-BE variable of three structures selected by Server I.H.S. 2140 from the 2150 Database with the greatest number comparable data fracture characteristics per
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, changes, modifications, additions made to a structure with a calculated HEC-SF & HEC-BE are tracked for analysis of their effect on energy consumption after their inclusion in the structure.
Further, in the best mode contemplated by the inventors, information collected with the “What's Your HEC Information Sheet”,
Per
Once changes are implemented by building stewards a revised HEC Survey is created to establish a new HEC-SF & HEC-BE per
Further, once the new HEC variables are established, Server I.H.S. prepares a modified/recalculated HEC Verification Report per
In the best mode contemplated by the inventors, the HEC System offers alternative modes of beneficial analysis.
In one mode,
Further, another benefit provided by the HEC System, defects in construction relating to energy consumption patterns can be identified in a subject structure. For example,
Claims
1. An objective, transparent, scientifically-based, computerized method that provides a method of collecting, measuring, analyzing and defining the energy consumption in built structures of all construction types and sizes, located in any climate zone, using any fuel type, comprising the steps of: receiving utility use data for the building being studied;
- receiving and processing field survey data regarding the building being studied;
- calculating the as-built heated square footage of the structure; calculating the area of the heated building envelope of the structure; calculating the total energy consumption of the building being studied; expressing the buildings energy consumption by square foot of heated area and by square foot of heated building envelope.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of aggregation of utility use data and the aggregation of data concerning additional fuels consumed for the functioning of the building (i.e. Wood pellets, cord wood, Renewable Energy sources, etc.).
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of inclusion of a baseline variable called the Historical Energy Consumption (HEC) rating which aids in the analysis and comparison of physical modifications to a structure and behavioral modifications by its occupants;
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of: obtaining the Historic Energy Consumption variable, a measurement of the buildings actual energy consumption, expressed using British Thermal Units (BTUs).
5. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of expressing the Historic Energy Consumption variable in two forms; HEC-SF which expresses the variable in BTU's consumed per square foot of heated area per hour, and the HEC-BE which expresses the variable in BTU's consumed per square foot of heated building envelope.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of including a baseline variable of the heated square footage of the building envelope over the heated floor square footage of the building (i.e. BE/SF), which aids in the analysis of structural and behavioral modifications.
7. A computerized system comprising: multiple, remote information handling systems (IHS's) for receiving, via user input, data associated with a Historic Energy Consumption inspection and exporting this data via the internet to a network (system server IHS);
- comprising a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and a storage device coupled to the CPU containing control files, an interactive database, and having information stored wherein for configuring the CPU to: receive utility use data for the building and collected Historic Energy Consumption survey data.
8. A computerized method comprising the steps of: calculating; analyzing; comparing; and archiving; the data collected in the HEC survey; concerning each specific structure; in a Historical Energy Consumption Database; wherein collected data is analyzed by the second IHS and based on the results of the analysis states facts and makes recommendations concerning decreasing the energy consumption of the structure and its occupants; whereby energy consumption targets and goals can be established and realized.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of assembling of processed field inspection data in report form, on the spreadsheet “What's Your HEC?” Information Sheet”.
10. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of calculating a baseline variable called the Historical Energy Consumption (HEC) rating.
11. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of calculating the Historic Energy Consumption variable in two forms; HEC-SF which expresses the variable in BTU's consumed per square foot of heated area per hour, and the HEC-BE which expresses the variable in BTU's consumed per square foot of heated building envelope.
12. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of: creating accurate forecasts of energy consumption savings associated with specific modifications to a structure based upon scientific modeling against a database of comparable structures and their historical Historic Energy Consumption variables: i.e. identifies performance gaps based upon comparison of historical energy consumption patterns of similar structures.
13. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of: creating an identification and quantification of energy consumed for the specific functions of lighting, space heating and cooling, water heating, and appliance functioning by analyzing the historical energy consumption patterns of the structure.
14. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of generating a “Historic Energy Consumption Inspection Report Card and Evaluation” that draws comparisons and states conclusions drawn from the Historic Energy Consumption Database analysis of the structure.
15. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of: developing an evolving, intelligent database that calculates and recommends best mode cost to value improvements to be made to a structure based upon established energy consumption or cost to construct goals.
16. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of: tracking of any structures energy consumption before, and after specific modifications, and the expression of that consumption in the form of a HEC variable and the Percentage Change in its historical energy consumption performance (HEC-SF, or HEC-BE).
17. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of tracking of any structures energy consumption and comparing that consumption to the consumption of structures of similar construction type and climate zone to study baseline historical energy consumption patterns.
18. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of: developing an evolving, intelligent database that allows for the evaluation of future construction materials and techniques as they develop.
19. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of developing an analysis of “best mode” distinctions concerning plan form, orientation, envelope configuration, mechanical and electrical systems, and construction methods and detailing, etc.
20. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of creating the ability to test the accuracy of other building energy rating systems.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 21, 2010
Publication Date: Mar 22, 2012
Inventors: Scott Irving (Santa Fe, NM), Roddy J. Gesten (Santa Fe, NM)
Application Number: 12/924,108
International Classification: G06G 7/62 (20060101); G06F 17/10 (20060101);