Manufactured assembly and method for forming concrete foundations and walls
A manufactured assembly and method used to form poured concrete foundations and walls. The foundation and wall form's lattice grid exterior face holds adequate flow though concrete, with the assistance of the exterior grid fingers, for smoothing and decorative treatments and troweling is aided by lattice grid exterior screed guide points. The lattice grid panels, the lattice grid forming panel flow through concrete and the form cavity poured concrete become a substantially monolithic structure when the concrete is set and hardens dry. Rigid foam insulation is added to the center of a lattice grid paneled poured concrete wall form.
This application is a continuation-In-Part of application Ser. No. 12/198,973 filed Aug. 27, 2008.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to the manufacturing assembly and method using flowing concrete or other cementous material to form poured concrete foundations and walls. This invention also relates to the concrete/cementous material flow through and accumulation on the lattice grid panel of a concrete form to create an adequate concrete layer on the external surface of the panel for effective smoothing and decorative finish. This invention further relates to insulated poured concrete walls.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe process of constructing a poured concrete foundation and wall has conventionally required forms to be created on site, wherein the concrete forms may consist of wood, metal, plastic or wood/metal panels erected and maintained in spaced, parallel relationship with other panels. Fluid concrete is then poured within the concrete forms, which are removed after the concrete has set and hardens. In most foundation concrete pourings the base of the foundation or footing and the foundation wall are performed in two separate concrete pours. Problems associated with these processes include higher labor costs, higher equipment costs, lack of uniformity, and expense associated with the removal and disposal of the forming panels. Also the difficulty of adding insulation within the concrete forms and the ability to perform exterior decorative treatments while maintaining a durable concrete exterior surface has been problematic in these concrete forming processes.
Most building structures require a foundation element customarily called a footing that gives base support to the structure. Footings are customarily made of poured concrete and are usually wider than the structures load bearing walls to give adequate base support. The footing width and thickness often depends on the soil or ground load-bearing capacity and may vary in residential structures from approximately 6 to 12 inches in depth to 12 to 24 inches in width, with commercial footings usually larger in size.
The footing cavity where concrete is poured may vary from a trench dug into the ground, boards holding either side of the poured concrete to manufactured special metal footing forming system. The foundation of a structure may include the footing and then a poured or concrete block wall built upon the footing. Many times much of the foundation is below ground where termite are a concern in certain geographies and a solid exterior concrete surface is required. Most footing construction methods currently used are two-stage foundations where the footing is poured at one pouring, allowed to dry for a certain period of time (usually at least 24 hours) and then the foundation wall is formed by a concrete wall form being placed on the dry footing and poured. The foundation/exterior wall forms may be made of wood, metal, composite and plastic.
A monopour foundation is one where concrete in the footing and wall forms is placed and poured at the same time. The biggest disadvantage of a two-stage pour is that it is more expensive than a monopour. A two-stage pour takes about two days longer than a monopur and the cold joint, space between poured wall and footing, is a weak point in the foundation and may allow moisture to weep through the space.
Two-stage foundation pouring does have advantages in that the wall forms and bracing will not shift or settle by movement of the hardened dry footing. Concrete pouring is the minimization of risk, cost and time and if monopouring is less expensive and faster than a two-stage pour then risk of significant lifting and settling would need to be eliminated.
There have been recent advances and the need for poured concrete walls that have insulation as part of the concrete form assembly such as insulated concrete forms (I C F's) and rigid foam insulation being placed within wooden and metal concrete forms. Tilt-up insulated poured walls have made recent improvements in combining foam insulation where concrete is formed on either side of the rigid foam insulation. The insulation helps reduce heating and cooling costs while at the same time providing the durability and strength of concrete.
Decorative and finish treatment on the face of the poured concrete can give increased value and attractive looks to a structure. Time and expenses can be saved in troweling and decorative treatment of concrete walls when these activities can be performed at the same time as pouring and there is an adequate workable concrete layer on the exterior face of the poured concrete wall. An example of exterior facial treatment in one segment of the poured concrete wall industry is in tilt-up construction. In tilt-up wall construction walls are poured as a horizontal concrete slab, cured and then a crane is used to place the panel in place. In most pours the exterior face of the panel is poured first, face down. Tilt-up surface finishes include single and multi-use form liners, placed on the pouring surface or “bed” before the panel is poured, creating various patterns and textures to the exterior concrete surface. Also there are many color variations of stains and epoxy paints that can be applied to the exposed facial concrete surface. The speed to erect walls and to provide decorative facial finished in tilt-up construction enables tilt-up to be very competitive in larger “Big Box” style structures such as lager stores, warehouses or distribution centers. The cost to crane lift the tilt-up slab wall in place is expensive and the architectural style and look of tilt-up structures is fairly limited due to the nearly flat repeated slab panel construction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThis invention is a poured concrete foundation and wall forming manufactured assembly, method and forming system utilizing flowable concrete or cementous mixture to construct the foundation and wall. The foundation and wall forming assembly and methods are used in various concrete pouring applications which may include insulation within the concrete and exterior facial smoothing and decorative treatments such as stamping or stenciling that require an adequate exterior concrete layer.
A preferred embodiment of the foundation forming assembly comprises a first lattice framework panel having a plurality of openings throughout and a second lattice panel where the two panels are spaced apart in a parallel relationship. The two lattice panels are connected together and held spaced apart by a number of cross connecters. The forming assembly would usually have other spaced apart lattice panels connected end to end held spaced apart by a number of cross connection members and are placed on the construction surface that the base of the structure will be built. The footing form assembly is designed so that the concrete footing form assembly can be “stepped” up or down which allows vertical adjustment in horizontal surface changes of the surface being poured upon, such as a sloping building site.
Rebar or other reinforcing may be placed on the connecting cross members of the concrete footing form. Driven or attached stakes may be placed on either outside surface of the lattice panels and may be attached to the lattice panels. The stakes give lateral resistance to the footing forming assembly helping to hold the footing form in place.
Concrete is poured into the cavity between the two spaced apart lattice panels. The concrete flows around and through the cross member connecters and also through the opening of the lattice panels such that the concrete extends beyond the external surface of the lattice grid panel exterior surface. Grid fingers or exterior extensions of a section of the vertical lattice protrude outward on the exterior face of the vertical grid approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch to assist in holding the flow through concrete out past the lattice grid face of the panel, accumulating an adequate layer of concrete for smoothing and decorative treatment. Screeds extending out approximately ¼ inch from the exterior face of the lattice grid panel assist in smoothing out and allowing the layer to be adequately thick and away from the exterior face of the panel. Concrete on the upper surface of the poured footing cavity may be smoothed out usually level with the top parallel edges of the spaced apart lattice panels.
Another preferred embodiment of this invention is to have a poured concrete wall forming assembly placed upon the lattice panel foundation footing assembly before any concrete is poured into the footing or wall forming assembly. Various different wall forms may be placed on the lattice panel footing assembly such as a wood, metal, plastic or composite poured concrete wall forms, and may include lattice grid panel concrete forms.
A running board or bar may be used to hold the wall forms from moving laterally and vertically from the footing assembly where the running board is fastened to the cross members of the footing form and then fastened in some fashion to the wall concrete form. The running board may be placed on both or one side of the wall form. Stakes, either driven or fastened to the poured upon surface and attached to the footing form, may be used to give lateral and vertical resistance when placed on either side of the footing form assembly. The combination of the attached running board and the stakes on the side(s) holds the footing and wall assembly from too much movement (lifting and settling) during concrete pouring. Flowable concrete is poured into the wall form and flows down into and filling the footing cavity. Usually during the pour the concrete in the footing cavity will be allowed to set for a short period of time during the pour before continuing the pour up into the wall form. By letting the footing concrete slightly set before continuing to pour helps control form lift. The foundation footing and the poured wall become a one monolithic structure with no cold joints between the wall and footing.
A third embodiment of this invention is a center insulated concrete wall form that may be placed upon the lattice panel footing form where the center insulated wall form is a manufactured assembly of a lattice panel attached to one side of rigid insulation foam with connecting cross members keeping the wall form lattice panel kept spaced apart and connected parallel to the rigid insulation foam. Either both wall form cavities can be poured at the same pouring with the footing form or one wall form lattice panel cavity can be poured with the footing. When the first poured wall cavity(s) is poured the footing cavity will be filled first with concrete and then allowed to sit for a short period of time during the pour to help reduce form lift. Then the wall cavity(s) will be filled to the desired height desired. Any bracing can then be removed from the non-poured cavity side and the remaining cavity poured. The structure interior facing or inside cavity of the center insulated foam concrete form is usually wider than the exterior cavity and the interior cavity when poured is usually load bearing though both poured cavities together add tension and compression strength to the wall.
Here again grid fingers or extensions of a section of the vertical lattice protrude outward on the exterior face of the vertical grid approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch to assist in holding the flow through concrete out past the lattice grid face of the panel to accumulate an adequate layer of concrete for smoothing and decorative treatment. Screeds extending out approximately ¼ inch from the exterior face of the lattice grid panel assist in smooth troweling and to create an adequate layer of concrete out from the lattice grid panel exterior face.
One advantage of being able to pour the wall form cavities at separate pours when using the center foam wall concrete form is that bracing can be put on the face side of the wall that is not to be poured. Then the wall bracing can be removed and the other cavity of the lattice wall form can be poured without the need for bracing since the first cavity poured and set gives enough strength to keep the wall straight in the second pouring. Also there is no bracing to get in the way of finishing the exterior surface of the second pour.
A second advantage of being able to pour the two cavities in separate pouring with a center insulated rigid foam wall concrete form is that an adjacent slab floor can be poured with the first or second pouring of the cavities of the wall form. Usually the slab would be poured with the same pouring as the wall cavity that is the exterior cavity (other side of center insulated foam concrete form) from the poured slab and both are usually the second pouring so that the usually wider interior cavity would fill the foundation footing cavity more efficiently.
Referring now in more detail to the drawings in which the numerals indicate like parts throughout the several views,
In a cross-sectional view
Claims
1. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a footing comprising the steps of:
- a) assembling a plurality of foundation footing forming modular units to create a free standing structure, wherein each modular unit consists of a first lattice framework panel having a plurality of openings there through, a second lattice grid framework panel and a plurality of connecting members securing said first panel to said second panel in a spaced, parallel relationship such that a straight vertical cavity is formed between said first and second panel for receiving flowable concrete/cementous mixture therein and for placing any needed rebar reinforcing needed;
- b) place stakes as needed on one or both sides of the footing form to reduce lateral movement;
- c) introducing said flowable concrete into said cavity, wherein said flowable concrete fills said cavity non-restrictively through and around connecting members, and extends through said openings through said first and second lattice framework panel such that said flowable concrete extends beyond an external surface of both lattice panels creating a concrete layer over the panel grid face;
- d) possibly troweling or smoothing said flowable concrete that extends beyond said external surface of said first lattice grid panel, the second lattice panel and flowable concrete that lies on the top surface of the footing form cavity;
- e) allowing said flowable concrete to set, wherein said first and second panel, connecting members and said flowable concrete/cementous mixture become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- f) removing any stakes as needed.
2. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a footing according to claim 1, further whereby grid fingers or extensions of a section the vertical lattice grid that protrude out approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch out from the exterior face of the grid panel to help hold and accumulate the flowed through concrete, and screeds extend out from the exterior grid face to assist in giving a guide in smoothing out an accumulated approximate ¼ inch or thicker concrete layer past the panel exterior grid face.
3. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a wall comprising the steps of:
- a) assembling a plurality of foundation wall forming modular units to create a free standing structure, wherein each modular unit consists of a first lattice framework panel having a plurality of openings there through, a second lattice grid framework panel and a plurality of connecting members securing said first panel to said second panel in a spaced, parallel relationship such that a straight vertical cavity is formed between said first and second panel for receiving flowable concrete/cementous mixture therein and for placing any needed rebar reinforcing needed, and grid fingers or extensions of a section the vertical lattice grid protrude out approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch out from the exterior face of the grid panel to help hold and accumulate the flowed through concrete, and screeds extend out from the exterior grid face to assist in giving a guide in smoothing out an accumulated approximate X inch or thicker concrete layer past the panel exterior grid face.
- b) introducing said flowable concrete into said cavity, wherein said flowable concrete fills said cavity non-restrictively through and around connecting members, and extends through said openings through said first and second lattice framework panel such that said flowable concrete extends beyond an external surface of both lattice panels creating a concrete layer over the panel grid face;
- c) possibly troweling or smoothing said flowable concrete that extends beyond said external surface of said first lattice grid panel, the second lattice panel and flowable concrete that lies on the top surface of the footing form cavity;
- d) allowing said flowable concrete to set, wherein said first and second panel, connecting members and said flowable concrete/cementous mixture become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry.
4. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a wall according to claim 3, whereby one of the spaced apart parallel forming panels is solid and does not become part of the monolithic wall structure after the poured concrete sets and hardens dry.
5. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a footing according to claim 1, further compromising the steps of placing a concrete wall form upon the upper surface of the footing form to achieve a single-stage footing and foundation wall pour (monopour) comprising the steps of;
- a) placing poured concrete wall forms upon the footing forms connecting members running parallel to the footing lattice panels with any reinforcing rebar as needed, said poured concrete wall forms may be made of wood, metal, plastic or insulated concrete forms (I C F) style forms;
- b) placing a running board or bar either on one or both sides of the wall form, running parallel to the lattice panels, at the intersection of the connecting members and the poured concrete wall form with said running board being attached to the connecting member and attached to the wall form in some fashion to unitize the wall form and footing form;
- c) setting bracing on one or both sides of the wall form;
- d) setting the bracing if needed on the running board and attaching the bracing in some fashion to the wall concrete form;
- e) possibly placing stakes on either side of said footing form to give lateral resistance and attaching to footing form to give vertical resistance;
- f) introducing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture into the wall forming cavity that flows down into the footing form cavity;
- g) allowing the footing form flowable concrete to set for a short period of time during the pour, reducing form lift;
- h) pouring the wall concrete form to the desired height of the poured wall;
- i) troweling, smoothing and/or performing any decorative treatment on the exterior concrete layer of any panel of the wall form that may be a lattice framework panel;
- j) allowing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture to set, wherein said footing form concrete, footing form lattice panels, the wall form concrete, any wall form lattice panel and connecting members become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- k) removing any wall form sides, running boards, stakes and braces if needed.
6. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a poured concrete wall comprising the steps of:
- a) assembling a plurality of poured concrete wall forming modular units to create a free standing structure, wherein each modular unit consists of a first lattice framework panel having a plurality of openings there through, a center located rigid foam insulation panel, a second lattice framework panel and a plurality of connecting members securing said first panel to one side of the rigid foam insulation panel, and a plurality of connecting members securing said second lattice framework panel to the other side of the rigid foam insulation panel, in a spaced, parallel relationship such that a cavity is formed between said first panel and the rigid foam insulation panel and a second cavity formed between the said rigid foam insulation panel and the second lattice panel, for receiving flowable concrete/cementous mixture therein and for placing any needed rebar reinforcing needed;
- b) introducing said flowable concrete into said cavities, not necessarily at the same pouring time, wherein when said flowable concrete is poured such that the flowable concrete fills the cavity poured, concrete flowing non-restrictively through and around the connecting members, and extends through said openings through the lattice framework panel such that said flowable concrete extends beyond an external surface of the cavity(s) lattice panel;
- c) possibly troweling or smoothing and /or performing any decorative treatment on said flowable concrete that extends beyond said external surface of said first and the second lattice panel;
- d) allowing said flowable concrete to set, wherein said first and second panel, connecting members and said flowable concrete/cementous mixture become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry.
7. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a foundation/exterior wall according to claim 6, further whereby grid fingers or extensions of a section the vertical lattice grid that protrude out approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch out from the exterior face of the grid panel to help hold and accumulate the flowed through concrete, and screeds extend out from the exterior grid face to assist in giving a guide in smoothing out a accumulated approximate ¼inch or thicker concrete layer extended out past the panel exterior grid face.
8. A manufacturing assembly and method of forming a center insulated poured concrete wall according to claim 6, placed upon the manufacture assembly and method of pouring a foundation footing according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
- a) Placing the center insulation poured concrete wall assembly of claim 4 on the connecting members of the foundation footing assembly of claim 1 such that the center insulation poured concrete wall form is in a parallel relation to the foundation footing form wherein;
- b) placing a running board or bar, running parallel to the lattice panels, at the intersection of the connecting members and the poured concrete wall form with said running board being attached to the connecting member and attached to the wall form in some fashion to unitize the wall form and the footing form;
- c) Setting bracing on one or both sides of the wall form;
- d) setting bracing if needed on the running board and attaching the bracing in some fashion to the wall concrete form;
- e) possibly placing stakes on either side of said footing form to give lateral resistance and attaching to the footing form to give vertical resistance;
- f) introducing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture into and through both wall forming cavities such that the concrete/cementous mixture first flows down into and fills the footing form cavity;
- g) allowing the footing form flowable concrete to set for a short period of time;
- h) then both wall form cavities are poured to the desired height desired;
- i) troweling, smoothing and/or performing any decorative treatment on the exterior surface any panel of the wall form that may be a lattice framework panel, may be performed;
- j) allowing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture to set, wherein said footing form concrete, footing form lattice panels, the wall form concrete and connecting members become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- k) removing any running boards, stakes and braces if needed.
9. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a foundation/exterior wall according to claim 6, further whereby grid fingers or extensions of a section the vertical lattice grid that protrude out approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch out from the exterior face of the grid panel to help hold and accumulate the flowed through concrete, and screeds extend out from the exterior grid face to assist in giving a guide in smoothing out a flat accumulated approximate ¼ inch or thicker concrete layer past the panel exterior grid face.
10. A manufacturing assembly and method of forming a center insulated poured concrete wall according to claim 6, placed upon the manufactured assembly and method of forming a foundation footing according to claim 1, comprising the steps:
- a) Placing the center insulation poured concrete wall assembly of claim 4 on the connecting members of the foundation footing assembly of claim 1 such that the center insulation poured concrete wall form is in a parallel relation to the foundation footing form therein;
- b) placing a running board or bar on the side of the wall form toward the interior of the structure, running parallel to the lattice panels, at the intersection of the connecting members and the poured concrete wall form with said running board being attached to the connecting member and attached to the wall form in some fashion to unitize the wall form and the footing form;
- c) setting bracing on the wall form side toward the interior of the structure;
- d) setting bracing on the running board and attaching the bracing to the inside cavity lattice face (toward the interior of the structure) of the center insulated poured concrete wall form;
- e) possibly placing stakes on either side of said footing form to give lateral resistance and attaching to the footing form for vertical resistance;
- f) introducing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture into and down the outside wall forming cavity (on the outside of the center insulated concrete wall form away from the interior of the structure) such that the concrete fills first the foundation footing cavity;
- g) allowing the footing concrete to set for a short period of time;
- h) then the outside wall form cavity of the outside of the center insulated poured concrete wall form is poured with concrete to the desired height;
- i) troweling, smoothing and/or performing any decorative treatment on the exterior concrete layer of the footing form and exterior face of the outside wall cavity may be performed;
- j) allowing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture to set, wherein said footing form concrete, footing form lattice panel of the outside wall form cavity, the wall form concrete of the outside wall cavity and connecting members of the outside wall form cavity become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- k) removing running boards and braces that are set on the forming face of the interior cavity of the wall form;.
- l) introducing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture into and down the wall forming cavity on the inside of the center insulated concrete wall form such that the wall form is poured with concrete to the desired height of the poured wall;
- m) troweling, smoothing and/or performing any decorative treatment on the exterior concrete layer of the lattice face of the inside wall cavity face may be performed;
- n) allowing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture to set, wherein said inside wall form lattice panel of the inside wall form cavity, the wall form concrete of the inside wall cavity and connecting members of the inside wall form cavity become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- o) removing any stakes as needed.
11. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a foundation/exterior wall according to claim 10, further whereby grid fingers or extensions of a section the vertical lattice grid that protrude out approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch out from the exterior face of the grid panel to help hold and accumulate the flowed through concrete, and screeds extend out from the exterior grid face to assist in giving a guide in smoothing out a accumulated approximate X inch or thicker concrete layer extended out past the panel exterior grid face.
12. A manufacturing assembly and method of forming a center insulated poured concrete according to claim 6, placed upon the manufactured assembly and method of forming a foundation footing according to claim 1, comprising the steps:
- b) Placing the center insulation poured concrete wall assembly of claim 4 on the connecting members of the foundation footing assembly of claim 1 such that the center insulation poured concrete wall form is in a parallel relation to the foundation footing form wherein;
- c) placing a running board or bar on the outward side of the wall form, away from the structures interior, running parallel to the lattice panels, at the intersection of the connecting members and the poured concrete wall form with said running board being attached to the connecting member and attached to the wall form in some fashion to unitize the wall form and the footing form;
- d) Setting bracing on the outside of the wall form, away from the structures interior;
- e) setting bracing on the running board and attaching the bracing to the outside face, away from the interior of the structure, of the center insulated poured concrete wall form;
- f) possibly placing stakes on either side of said footing form to give lateral resistance;
- g) introducing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture into and down the wall forming cavity on the inside cavity of the center insulated concrete wall form such that the concrete fills first the foundation footing cavity;
- h) allowing the concrete to set for a short period of time;
- i) then the inside wall form cavity of the center insulated poured concrete wall form is poured with concrete to the desired height;
- j) troweling, smoothing and/or performing any decorative treatment on the exterior concrete layer of the footing lattice face and the lattice face of the inside wall cavity may be performed;
- k) allowing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture to set, wherein said footing form concrete, footing form lattice panel of the inside wall form cavity, the wall form concrete of the inside wall cavity and connecting members of the inside wall form cavity become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- l) removing running boards and braces that are set on the face of the outside cavity of the wall form;.
- m) introducing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture into and down the wall forming cavity on the outside cavity of the center insulated concrete wall form such that the wall form is poured with concrete to the desired height of the poured wall;
- n) troweling, smoothing and/or performing any decorative treatment on the exterior concrete layer of the lattice face of the outside wall cavity face may be performed;
- o) allowing said flowable concrete/cementous mixture to set, wherein said lattice panel of the outside wall form cavity, the wall form concrete of the outside wall cavity and connecting members of the outside wall form cavity become a substantially monolithic structure when said flowable/cementous mixture is set and hardens dry;
- p) removing any stakes as needed.
13. A manufactured assembly and method of forming a footing according to claim 12, further whereby grid fingers or extensions of a section the vertical lattice grid that protrude out approximately ⅛th to 3/16ths inch out from the exterior face of the grid panel to help hold and accumulate the flowed through concrete, and screeds extend out from the exterior grid face to assist in giving a guide in smoothing out a accumulated exterior approximate ¼ inch or thicker concrete layer out past the panel grid face.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 1, 2012
Publication Date: Aug 30, 2012
Inventor: John M. McCary (Birmingham, AL)
Application Number: 13/385,676
International Classification: E04G 21/02 (20060101); E04B 2/84 (20060101); E02D 27/00 (20060101);