SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE IN A STRUCTURE
There is described a system for controlling the temperature in a structure that has exterior walls. At least a portion of at least one exterior wall comprises a cement core having a layer of insulation on an interior face and an exterior face of the cement core, and at least one fluid conduit embedded in the cement core. A source of temperature-controlled fluid is connected to the at least one fluid conduit.
This relates to a system and a method for controlling the temperature in a structure.
BACKGROUNDThe most common method of controlling the temperature in a structure is to insulate the building and provide a heat or cooling source inside the insulative envelope. One example of this type of structure used for cooling can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,810,945 (Bissevain) entitled “Conditioning the air in a structure utilizing a gravel heat exchanger underneath the slab.” Another method of controlling the temperature in a structure is to provide an air envelope in the walls of a building, such as is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,293,120 (Hashimoto) entitled “Building air conditioning system using geothermal energy.” Other examples include U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0198414 (Kroll et al.) entitled “Systems and methods for controlling interior climates,” which describes a structural wall panel that includes an embedded fluid conduit, where the circulated fluid temperature is higher than the desired room temperature in order to heat the room, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,250,957, which describes pumping water from an underground reservoir into wall panels.
SUMMARYThere is provided a system for controlling the temperature in a structure. The structure has exterior walls. At least a portion of at least one exterior wall comprises a cement core having a layer of insulation on an interior face and an exterior face of the cement core, and at least one fluid conduit embedded in the cement core. A source of temperature-controlled fluid is connected to the at least one fluid conduit.
According to another aspect, there may be more than one fluid conduit in the at least one exterior wall. The source of temperature-controlled fluid may circulate temperature-controlled fluid separately through each fluid conduit.
According to another aspect, the source of temperature-controlled fluid may comprise a ground-source energy source, a solar energy source, a combustion energy source, and/or a refrigeration source. The source of temperature-controlled fluid may be maintained at a temperature between 10 and 15 degrees Celsius, and preferably between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius. The R-value of the layers of insulation may be between 10 and 20, and may be as low as 6 or 7 and may be higher than 20.
According to an aspect, there is provided a method of controlling the temperature in a structure. The method comprises the steps of: embedding a fluid conduit in a cement core of at least one exterior wall, the at least one exterior wall comprising insulation on an interior face and an exterior face of the cement core; and circulating temperature-controlled fluid through the fluid conduit to maintain the cement core within a predetermined temperature range.
According to another aspect, there may be more than one fluid conduit embedded in the cement core, and temperature-controlled fluid may be circulated separately through each fluid conduit. A controller may control the temperature in each fluid conduit.
According to another aspect, one or more fluid conduits may transfer heat into a source of temperature-controlled fluid, and one or more fluid conduits may transfer heat out of the source of temperature-controlled fluid.
According to another aspect, the temperature-controlled fluid may be circulated through at least one of a ground-source energy source, a solar energy source, a combustion energy source and a refrigeration source.
According to another aspect, the interior of the structure may be heated, such as by a heater, to a target temperature, and the temperature-controlled fluid may be at a temperature that is less than the target temperature.
These and other features will become more apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the appended drawings, the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to be in any way limiting, wherein:
A system for controlling the temperature in a structure, generally identified by reference numeral 10, will now be described with reference to
The discussion below assumes that all the entire exterior walls 100 of a structure 102 (shown in
The thermal loss across the inner insulating layer is dependent on the temperature difference (ΔT) between the interior wall finish 13, such as a sheet of drywall, and the inner wall cement 17. Likewise, the thermal loss across the outer insulating layer is dependent on the ΔT between the cement 17 in wall 100 and the outside wall finish 14, such as siding, stucco, etc. Controlling the temperature of the cement in wall 100 therefore allows control of the heat loss and gain of the building interior.
When the pump controller 25 senses that the exterior wall temperature 23 rises above the primary loop temperature 22, the circulating pump 21 will stop, allowing thermal energy to be absorbed through the outer insulating layer 12 into the inner cement wall. The pump 21 may start periodically in order to sense the rise in the inner-wall temperature. Should the inner-wall temperature rise above the temperature setpoint of the inside, the circulating pump will start and maintain the inner-wall temperature at setpoint. Thermal energy will then be moved into the ground loop. As depicted, temperature sensor 22 is used to detect the temperature of the fluid as it exits primary thermal loop 20. In other embodiments, there may be other sensors included or used instead, such as sensors that sense the temperature of the wall and communicate this information to the pump controller. Furthermore, there may be additional temperature sensors positioned inside or outside the structure that detect changes in the temperature to allow pump controller 25 to anticipate temperature changes.
Referring to
In addition to maintaining the inner-wall temperature, the building 102 may be heated or cooled using known heating or cooling systems. This may be particularly useful in geographic areas with extreme temperatures.
Referring to
The pump controller 25 is used to control energy absorption and loss across either one of insulating layers 11 and 12 by controlling the temperature of the inner cement core 17. The building structure is used to actively store thermal energy from different sources and additional storage loops can be added as required.
There will now be discussed the effect of the present invention in colder climates. Referring to
In this patent document, the word “comprising” is used in its non-limiting sense to mean that items following the word are included, but items not specifically mentioned are not excluded. A reference to an element by the indefinite article “a” does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the element is present, unless the context clearly requires that there be one and only one of the elements.
The following claims are to be understood to include what is specifically illustrated and described above, what is conceptually equivalent, and what can be obviously substituted. The scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth in the examples, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.
Claims
1. A system for controlling the temperature in a structure, comprising:
- a structure comprising exterior walls;
- at least a portion of at least one exterior wall comprising a cement core having a layer of insulation on an interior face and an exterior face of the cement core, and at least one fluid conduit embedded in the cement core; and
- a source of temperature-controlled fluid connected to the at least one fluid conduit.
2. The system of claim 1, comprising more than one fluid conduit in the at least one exterior wall.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the source of temperature-controlled fluid circulates temperature-controlled fluid separately through each fluid conduit.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of temperature-controlled fluid comprises a ground-source energy source.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of temperature-controlled fluid comprises a solar energy source.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of temperature-controlled fluid comprises a combustion energy source.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of temperature-controlled fluid comprises a refrigeration source.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of temperature-controlled fluid is maintained at a temperature between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius.
9. The system of claim 1, comprising a heater for heating an interior of the structure to a target temperature, the temperature-controlled fluid being at a temperature that is less than the target temperature.
10. A method of controlling the temperature in a structure, comprising the steps of:
- embedding a fluid conduit in a cement core of at least one exterior wall, the at least one exterior wall comprising insulation on an interior face and an exterior face of the cement core; and
- circulating temperature-controlled fluid through the fluid conduit to maintain the cement core within a predetermined temperature range.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein more than one fluid conduit is embedded in the cement core.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein circulating temperature-controlled fluid comprises circulating temperature-controlled fluid separately through each fluid conduit.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein a controller controls the temperature in each fluid conduit.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one fluid conduit transfers heat into a source of temperature-controlled fluid, and at least one fluid conduit transfers heat out of the source of temperature-controlled fluid.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the temperature-controlled fluid is circulated through at least one of a ground-source energy source, a solar energy source, a combustion energy source and a refrigeration source.
16. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of heating an interior of the structure to a target temperature, and wherein the temperature-controlled fluid is at a temperature that is less than the target temperature.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 13, 2011
Publication Date: Jan 31, 2013
Inventor: Michael Wolff (Faust)
Application Number: 13/231,814
International Classification: F28D 15/00 (20060101);