Apparatus and Methods for Removal of Pills from Packaging
A pill extractor removes pills from a blister pack. In some embodiments, the pill extractor is designed to remove all of the pills from a blister pack for distribution or disposal. In such embodiments, the blister pack sits on a plate of the device, while a roller rolls across the blister pack to contact the blisters a row at a time and applies a force sufficient to extract the pills through the backing of the blister pack. The pills preferably fall through holes in the plate and may be collected on a tray under the plate. The roller is actuated by a crank, and a gear mechanism controls the advancement of the roller. In other embodiments, the pill extractor is designed to extract a single pill at a time from a blister pack. Methods of extracting pills from a blister pack are also disclosed.
Latest Patents:
This is a continuation-in-part patent application of co-pending application Ser. No. 13/780,364, filed Feb. 28, 2013, entitled “APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR REMOVAL OF PILLS FROM PACKAGING”. The aforementioned application is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The invention pertains to the field of medicine disposal. More particularly, the invention pertains to apparatus and methods for removal of pills from packaging.
2. Description of Related Art
Prescription medications in pill form are conventionally provided in packaging conventionally referred to as blister packs. An otherwise flat sheet of plastic includes regularly-spaced and equally-sized wells, with each well typically receiving one pill. A backing placed on the back side of the plastic sheet holds the pills in the wells. The backing is made of a material that can be easily pierced either from the back, such as by a fingernail or other hard object, or from the front by the pill. The backing is often made of aluminum foil or plastic. The plastic wells are preferably flexible such that a pill can be pushed through the backing by pushing on the well. In some cases, a third layer, often a thin layer of cardboard or similar material is placed over the backing layer with holes in the third layer corresponding to the locations of the blisters. The third layer provides support to the backing and helps prevent the backing from being inadvertently perforated.
Pills are packaged in blister packs for institutions such as pharmacies, hospitals, nursing homes, and prisons. Such blister packs are typically produced to hold 30, 60, or 90 pills. A 30-pill pack is typically about six inches by about 9 inches in size. The blister packs allow the institution to easily count and account for how many pills have been used and how many pills are remaining.
When a medicine is discontinued, the institution is required to collect all of its remaining supply and then tell authorities that it will be disposed of on a certain day. On that disposal day, many institutions have faculty, typically two nurses, sit and manually remove each pill in the blister pack. This can take a few hours and is a waste of resources. Some institutions, such as large hospitals, are able to avoid this manual process by incinerating the entire blister pack, but for many institutions, including smaller hospitals, nursing homes, prisons, and pharmacies, this option is not available.
Rx Systems Inc. (St. Charles, Mo.) offers a deblister machine that applies pressure to blister packs to puncture the backing and release the pills without damaging the pills, but the deblisterer is large and expensive. The user pulls a handle down with a significant amount of force to press a flat plate against the front of the blister pack.
MTS Medication Technologies (St. Petersburg, Fla.) also offers a deblister machine, where the user pulls a lever down to press a flat plate against the front of the blister pack.
Vanguard Pharmaceutical Machinery Inc. (Spring, Tex.) offers two different models of deblister machines. One holds the blister pack in a vertical position and the other holds the blister pack in a horizontal position. Both models automatically remove the pills from the blister pack.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,909,414, entitled “Device to Remove Objects from Blister Packs” and issued Mar. 20, 1990 to Heath, discloses a device that includes a blade that, with the blisters facing downward, slices off the blisters above the pills but below the planar back portion of the plastic. The plastic blisters must then be physically separated from the pills.
Devices to aid in extracting pills one at a time from a blister pack for personal use are also known in the art, but these are not useful to institutions for bulk extractions of pills.
In institutions, such as, for example, hospitals, nursing homes, prisons, and pharmacies, that administer medications to individuals, it is necessary to extract one pill at a time on demand to supply the medication to the individual. This repetitive extraction process can also be labor-intensive and time-consuming, depending on the number of individuals receiving medication, the number of pills being administered, and the frequency of administration of the medication. These institutions would benefit from the use of a pill extractor that extracts a single pill at a time from a blister pack.
Additionally, elderly individuals living independently or not in a nursing facility may need to take many different medications on a daily basis and may not have the strength or manual dexterity to remove the required medication pills from a blister pack. These individuals would benefit from the use of a pill extractor that extracts a single pill at a time from a blister pack.
Conventional single pill extraction devices are hand-held and require the use of the thumb in a pinching motion with similar dexterity and in a similar pinching motion as used to remove a single pill by hand from a blister pack.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONA pill extractor removes pills from a blister pack. In some embodiments, the pill extractor is designed to remove all of the pills from a blister pack for distribution or disposal. In such embodiments, the blister pack sits on a plate of the device, while a roller rolls across the blister pack to contact the blisters a row at a time and applies a force sufficient to extract the pills through the backing of the blister pack. The pills preferably fall through holes in the plate and may be collected on a tray under the plate. The roller is actuated by a crank, and a gear mechanism controls the advancement of the roller. In other embodiments, the pill extractor is designed to extract a single pill at a time from a blister pack. Methods of extracting pills from a blister pack are also disclosed.
In some embodiments, a roller of a pill extractor applies force to the blisters of a blister pack to break the backing for removal of the pills in the blisters from the blister pack. The blister pack sits backing side down on a plate with the blisters sitting above holes in the plate. The roller is actuated by a crank and gears to roll over the blister pack. The device breaks one row of blisters at a time and therefore requires less force than prior art devices designed to simultaneously break a full sheet of blisters. A tray may be placed under the device to collect the pills falling through the holes in the plate. In some embodiments, the tray is of a custom-made size to fit under the plate. In some embodiments, the tray reversibly attaches to the tray or the supports. Although the pills are preferably removed in one piece for ease of collection, in embodiments where the pills are being disposed of, the extraction process may break the pills into more than one piece.
In other embodiments, a lever applies force to a single blister of a blister pack to extract the single pill from the single blister. The blister pack sits backing side down on a plate with the blister containing the single pill to be extracted sitting above a hole in the plate. The lever is attached to a base and is pressed such that a nub extending from the lever applies the force to the blister to extract the pill. A cup or other container may be placed under the hole in the plate to collect the single pill falling through the hole.
Referring to
The pill extractor 40 of
Other nub shapes may be used within the spirit of the present invention. In some embodiments, the nubs are of a similar height as the nubs in
Similarly, the size and shape of the holes in the plate may vary to accommodate different shapes of blisters. For example,
In a preferred embodiment, the pill extractor is made of the following materials. The rack and spur gear are made of acetal plastic. The plate, supports, crank, and roller are made of aluminum that is preferably anodized or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hard-coated. The anodization may be black or colored. In other embodiments, the plate and supports are made of a different metal or plastic.
In a preferred embodiment, the pill extractor has the following dimensions. The plate is twelve inches long, 6.8 inches wide, and 0.44 inches thick. The rows of holes on the plate are 0.8 inches apart, and the columns of holes are 1.275 inches apart. The rack mounting surfaces are recessed by 0.15 inches with respect to the top surface of the plate. The supports are twelve inches long, six inches high, and 0.25 inches thick. The slot in each support is 9.43 inches long and 0.682 inches wide. The racks are eleven inches in length, 0.25 inches wide, and mounted to the plate by a pair of fasteners about 0.2 inches from each end. The spur gear has a diametrical pitch of 24 teeth per inch with 54 teeth. The crank arm is 3.5 inches long, one inch wide, and 0.4 inches thick.
In some embodiments, the top surface of the plate includes features, such as cleats, to increase the friction between the plate and the blister pack and prevent the blister pack from sliding on the plate. In some embodiments, rubber pads on the bottoms of the supports prevent the pill extractor from moving around on whatever surface where the device is placed.
In some embodiments, the pill extractor includes a roller and a plate with holes sized to be universal to all standard 30-pill blister packs. In a universal pill extractor, the holes on the plate are preferably sized to accommodate the largest pill sizes. The universal pill extractor may be used with 60-pill or 90-pill blister packs by cutting the blister pack into two or three units to form 30-pill blister packs.
In other embodiments, a pill extractor set includes multiple rollers and plates that are exchangeable to accommodate different blister packs. In some embodiments, the plate includes a base, which attaches to the supports, and a face plate, which sits on the base. The pill extractor set includes multiple face plates that are exchangeable to accommodate different blister packs. In such embodiments, the base of the plate remains attached to the supports and only the face plates are exchanged.
In some embodiments, the roller and crank assembly is separable to allow the roller to be easily exchanged with the supports remaining coupled to the plate. In some embodiments, both hubs are separable from the central portion. In other embodiments, only the hub coupled to the crank assembly is separable from the central portion. In other embodiments, only the hub not coupled to the crank assembly is separable from the central portion of the roller and the crank assembly is separable from the other hub.
In some embodiments, the pill extractor includes a pair of indications that the user can line up when assembling the pill extractor or when exchanging rollers to assure that the nubs on the new roller align properly with the holes in the plate when the roller is rolled across the plate. The indications may be grooves or marks.
In some embodiments, the through-holes in the plate are replaced with wells. Each well collects a pill from a blister and the pills are consolidated from the wells by inverting the plate and dumping the pills into a bag or onto a tray. The wells are preferably sized to receive multiple pills so that multiple blister packs may be processed before collecting the pills from the wells.
In other embodiments, instead of collecting expired pills for disposal, pills are individually removed from a blister pack for distribution to patients. In such situations, it is advantageous to easily remove pills from the blister pack one pill at a time.
Referring to
In
The single pill extractor 200 shown in
In
Although a small plate design that provides a compact single pill extractor is shown in
Accordingly, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention herein described are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the invention. Reference herein to details of the illustrated embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, which themselves recite those features regarded as essential to the invention.
Claims
1. A pill extractor comprising:
- a) a support having a base and a support body extending upward from the base;
- b) a plate extending from the support body and having a flat upper surface and having at least one hole sized and spaced to align with a blister of a blister pack; and
- c) a lever comprising a lever arm operatively coupled to the support body at a first end of the lever arm and a nub extending from the lever arm toward the plate;
- wherein actuating the lever arm toward the plate applies a force to the blister of the blister pack aligned between the nub and the hole of the plate to extract a pill from the blister and through the hole.
2. The pill extractor of claim 1 further comprising a pivot operatively coupling the lever arm to the support body at the first end of the lever arm.
3. The pill extractor of claim 2 further comprising a spring biasing the lever arm away from the support body.
4. The pill extractor of claim 1, wherein the base has a well located below the hole of the plate.
5. The pill extractor of claim 4 further comprising a container removably located in the well to receive the pill extracted from the blister pack.
6. The pill extractor of claim 1, wherein the lever further comprises a knob extending from a second end of the lever arm opposite the first end of the lever arm.
7. The pill extractor of claim 1, wherein the pill extractor extracts a single pill from the blister pack at a time.
8. The pill extractor of claim 1 further comprising a collar around the nub, the collar having a perimeter greater than a perimeter of the blister.
9. A method of extracting at least one pill from a blister pack comprising a plastic layer comprising a plurality of blisters evenly spaced in rows and columns and a backing layer, each pill being held between the plastic layer and the backing layer in one of the plurality of blisters prior to extracting the pill, the method comprising:
- a) placing the blister pack on a plate of a pill extractor with the blisters facing away from the plate and one of the blisters aligned with at least one hole of the plate sized and spaced to align with the blister of the blister pack, the pill extractor comprising: a support having a base and a support body extending upward from the base; the plate extending from the support body and having a flat upper surface and having the at least one hole; and a lever comprising a lever arm operatively coupled to the support body at a first end of the lever arm and a nub extending from the lever arm toward the plate; and
- b) applying a force to the lever until the nub contacts the blister containing the pill to be extracted to compress the blister until the backing behind the blister breaks such that the pill falls from the blister and into the hole of the plate.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein exactly one pill is extracted at a time.
11. The method of claim 9 further comprising collecting the pill in a container located below the hole of the plate.
12. The method of claim 11 further comprising placing the container on the base below the hole of the plate.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of applying a force to the lever comprises bending the lever arm until the nub contacts the blister.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of applying a force to the lever comprises causing the lever arm to rotate about a pivot operatively connecting the first end of the lever arm to the support body until the nub contacts the blister.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of applying a force to the lever comprises causing the lever arm to rotate about a pivot operatively connecting the first end of the lever arm to the support body and against a spring biasing the lever away from the support body until the nub contacts the blister.
16. A pill extractor comprising:
- a) a plate having a first edge, a second edge opposite the first edge, and a plurality of plate holes in rows and columns, the plurality of plate holes being sized and spaced to align with a plurality of blisters of a blister pack;
- b) a first support coupled to the first edge of the plate, the first support extending above the plate and having a first slot;
- c) a second support coupled to the second edge of the plate, the second support extending above the plate and having a second slot;
- d) a roller comprising a central portion, a first hub extending from a first end of the central portion and a second hub extending from a second end of the central portion opposite the first end, the first hub extending into the first slot and the second hub extending into the second slot;
- e) a crank coupled to the first hub of the roller;
- f) a gear mechanism coupling movement of the roller by way of the crank to movement of the hubs along the slots; and
- g) a flap hingedly attached to the plate, the flap having at least one flap hole being sized and spaced to align with at least one of the plurality of blisters of the blister pack and at least one of the plurality of plate holes when the flap is flipped down toward a top surface of the plate.
17. The pill extractor of claim 16, wherein the gear mechanism comprises:
- a first spur gear located at the first end of the central portion of the roller and comprising a plurality of first spur teeth;
- a first rack located above the first edge of the plate and comprising a plurality of first rack teeth, the first rack teeth meshing with the first spur teeth;
- a second spur gear located at the second end of the central portion of the roller and comprising a plurality of second spur teeth; and
- a second rack located above the second edge of the plate and comprising a plurality of second rack teeth, the second rack teeth meshing with the second spur teeth.
18. The pill extractor of claim 16, wherein the crank comprises:
- a crank arm having a first end coupled to the first hub and a second end opposite the first end; and
- a crank handle coupled to the second end of the crank arm.
19. The pill extractor of claim 16 further comprising a tray located under the plate.
20. The pill extractor of claim 16 further comprising a plurality of nubs extending radially from the central portion of the roller, the nubs being arranged in rows and spaced to correspond to locations of the holes as the crank is being turned to move the roller.
Type: Application
Filed: Oct 15, 2013
Publication Date: Aug 28, 2014
Applicant: (Geneva, NY)
Inventor: Linda Beck (Geneva, NY)
Application Number: 14/053,871
International Classification: B65B 69/00 (20060101);