DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER AND REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE
A double pipe heat exchanger includes an inner pipe inside which a first fluid passes, an outer pipe that has a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner pipe and that covers the inner pipe, and second fluid passes through a space between the outer pipe and the inner pipe, and a heat transfer area enlargement pipe that is provided in the space and that has a projection-depression shape made to be larger than a length in the pipe-circumferential direction of outer contact portions to be contact areas with the inner wall of the outer pipe, and fin portions between the outer contact portion and the inner contact portion that traverse the space in a pipe cross section come into contact with the outer wall of the inner pipe and the inner wall of the outer pipe in oblique directions.
Latest Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Patents:
- POWER RECEIVING AND DISTRIBUTING EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT DEVICE, POWER RECEIVING AND DISTRIBUTING EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT METHOD, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM STORING PROGRAM
- SWITCHING ELEMENT DRIVE CIRCUIT
- POWER CONVERSION DEVICE
- NEUTRON FLUX MEASUREMENT APPARATUS
- OPTICAL COMMUNICATION MODULE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
This application is a U.S. national stage application of PCT/JP2013/073688 filed on Sep. 3, 2013, which is based on and claims priority from PCT/JP2012/075530 filed on Oct. 2, 2012, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELDThe present invention relates to a double pipe heat exchanger in which circular pipes having different pipe diameters are combined to form two channels, and to a refrigeration cycle device including this double pipe heat exchanger.
BACKGROUNDExamples of conventional double pipe heat exchangers having enhanced heat-transfer performances include one in which a circular pipe having the smaller diameter (hereafter, referred to as an inner pipe) is inserted into a circular pipe having the larger diameter (hereafter, referred to as an outer pipe). In addition, a method is proposed in which the inside of the inner pipe is defined as a first channel, a channel between the two circular pipes is defined as a second channel, and a heat transfer area enlargement pipe that is formed into an undulating shape is inserted into the second channel and brought into intimate contact with the inner pipe and the outer pipe, so as to enhance a heat-transfer performance through an effect of increasing heat-transfer area (see, e.g., Patent Literature 1).
PATENT LITERATUREPatent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-63067 (
The above-described Patent Literature 1 proposes a double pipe heat exchanger in which a heat transfer area enlargement pipe is inserted to expand a heat-transfer area so as to enhance a heat-transfer performance. However, Patent Literature 1 does not mention a specific measure and the like taken against the heat transfer area enlargement pipe that can enhance the heat-transfer performance efficiently.
SUMMARYThus, the present invention has an object to obtain a double pipe heat exchanger and a refrigeration cycle device that can enhance a heat-transfer performance efficiently.
A double pipe heat exchanger according to the present invention includes an inner pipe inside which a first fluid passes, an outer pipe that has a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner pipe and that covers the inner pipe, the inner pipe and the outer pipe configured to allow a second fluid to pass through a space therebetween, and a heat transfer area enlargement pipe that is provided in the space and in which an angle between the heat transfer area enlargement pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe at each of inner contact portions to be contact areas between an outer wall of the inner pipe and the heat transfer area enlargement pipe is smaller than an angle between the heat transfer area enlargement pipe and the inner wall of the outer-pipe at each of outer contact portions to be contact areas between an inner wall of the outer pipe and the heat transfer area enlargement pipe the heat transfer area enlargement pipe having a projection-depression shape in a pipe cross section in which fin portions between the inner contact portions and the outer contact portions that traverse the space in the pipe cross section come into contact with the outer wall of the inner-pipe and the inner wall of the outer-pipe in oblique directions.
According to the present invention, a heat transfer area enlargement pipe that is in contact with an outer pipe and an inner pipe is provided in such a manner that the length in a pipe-circumferential direction of a contact area with the outer wall of the inner pipe is made larger than the length of the contact area with the inner wall of the outer pipe, and it is thus possible to scatter external force applied to the heat transfer area enlargement pipe in manufacturing, and to expand a heat-transfer area while suppressing poor contact in particular with the inner pipe, so as to enhance a heat-transfer performance.
The inside of the inner pipe 2 is defined as an inner channel 4 serving as a first channel, and a space formed between the inner pipe 2 and the outer pipe 1 is defined as an outer channel 5 serving as a second channel. An inlet and outlet of the outer channel 5 for a refrigerant are through holes formed in the wall surface of the outer pipe 1 and connects contact pipes. In addition, a first fluid and a second fluid are allowed to flow in the inner channel 4 and the outer channel 5, respectively. The first fluid and the second fluid having different temperatures flow through the respective channels, which enables heat exchange between the fluids in the double pipe heat exchanger.
Here, the amount of heat exchange Q, a heat-transfer area A, a heat transfer coefficient K, and a difference dT in temperature between the first fluid and the second fluid relating to the heat exchange generally have a relationship represented by Expression (1).
[Expression 1]
Q=A·K·dT (1)
In addition, the heat transfer coefficient K is represented by Expression (2). Here, α1 is the heat transfer coefficient of the first fluid, d1 is the hydraulic diameter of the inner channel 4, α2 is the heat transfer coefficient of the second fluid, and d2 is the hydraulic diameter of the outer channel 5. In addition, λ is the thermal conductivity of the inner pipe 2, dio is the outer diameter of the inner pipe 2, and dii is the inner diameter of the inner pipe 2, and R is a thermal resistance.
[Expression 2]
K=πL/{1/(α1·d1)+1/(α2·d2) +1 n(dio/dii)/2λ+R} (2)
The heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 comes into contact with the inner pipe 2 to serve as a fin, enabling the enlargement of the heat-transfer area relating to the heat exchange, which enables the increase of the amount of heat exchanged between the first fluid and the second fluid.
Here, contact areas between the inner-pipe outer wall and the inner wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe are defined as inner contact portions 6 (and the length of the contact portions in the pipe-circumferential direction is denoted as L1). In addition, contact areas between the outer-pipe inner wall and the outer wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe are defined as outer contact portions 7 (and the length of the contact portion in the pipe-circumferential direction is defined as L2). In addition, portions serving as fins between the inner contact portions 6 and the outer contact portions 7 (side wall surfaces in the projection-depression shape) are defined as fin portions 16. From the viewpoint of increasing the heat-transfer area by the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3, the double pipe heat exchanger is preferably formed such that the inner contact portions 6 and the outer contact portions 7 are each brought into contact at one point (point contact) in the pipe cross section. The reduction of the contact areas increases, for example, the number of the fin portions 16 in a pipe circumference, a heat-transfer area per fin portion 16, and the like, increasing the heat-transfer area of the whole double pipe heat exchanger. Here, “points” as referred below do not mean mathematical points, which have no area or the like, but mean points that have areas to an extent of securing reliable contacts between the pipes. Note that the contacts will be described as the point contacts, but the contact areas are linear in the double pipe heat exchanger as a whole.
However, when the inner contact portions 6 are formed to be point contacts, the contact thermal resistance at each inner contact portions 6 is increased. This reduces the heat transfer coefficient K in the above-described Expression (2), resulting in the reduction of the amount of heat exchange Q. In addition, forming the inner contact portions 6 to be the point contacts may cause spots of poor contact. If there are spots at which, for example, the inner-pipe outer wall is not in contact with the inner wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe when the inner contact portions 6 are formed to be the point contacts, poor heat transfer occurs, which prevents many heat-transfer areas from being used efficiently.
Thus, in the double pipe heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the outer contact portions 7 are formed to be point contacts (the length L2 is reduced to zero) so as to expand the heat-transfer area. In addition, the inner contact portions 6 are formed to have a contact length in the pipe cross section (contact areas are to form surfaces in the double pipe heat exchanger as a whole).
As seen from the above, according to the double pipe heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the outer contact portions 7 are formed to be the point contacts so as to enlarge the heat-transfer area, and the inner contact portions 6 are formed to have the contact length, which enables the prevention of the poor contact between the inner-pipe outer wall and the inner wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe. This does not impair but can enhance a heat-transfer performance.
Second EmbodimentThe above-described double pipe heat exchanger of the first embodiment includes, as shown in
To manufacture the double pipe heat exchanger in which the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is brought into contact with the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2 in such a manner, a step of expanding the inner pipe 2 or a step of shrinking the outer pipe 1 is performed after the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is inserted into the outer channel 5.
Here, if portions of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 to be the fin portions 16 are formed to be perpendicular to the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2, forces applied to portions to be the inner contact portions 6 or the outer contact portions 7 are applied directly to the fin portions 16, in expanding or shrinking the pipe. This incurs the risk of forming the fin portions 16 bent into an unexpected shape. For this reason, the portions to be the fin portions 16 are formed not to be perpendicular, reducing loads posed on the portions to be the fin portions 16 in expanding or shrinking the pipe. Then, the fin portions 16 are brought into contact with the inner-pipe outer wall and the outer-pipe inner wall in oblique directions. For example, when the outer contact portions 7 are formed to be the point contacts like the above-described first embodiment, as shown in
Thus, for example, to prevent this lift, the fin portions 16 are brought into contact with the inner-pipe outer wall and the outer-pipe inner wall in the oblique directions, and in addition, the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 to be inserted into the outer channel 5 of the double pipe heat exchanger is made to have a shape in which the portions to be the fin portions 16, between the portions to be the inner contact portions 6 (depressed portions) and the portions to be the outer contact portions 7 (projecting portions), are formed into arc shapes in the pipe cross section. Forming such a shape allows the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 to be deformed to bend, spreading (absorbing) loads on the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 even when the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is pressed excessively against the inner pipe 2 in expanding the inner pipe 2 or shrinking the outer pipe 1. For this reason, also in the inner contact portions 6, unreasonable forces are not applied to the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3, which can prevent a lift. This does not lose but can enhance a heat-transfer performance.
Here, directions in which the portions to be the fin portions 16 are bent through expanding or shrinking are preferably directions in which the formed fin portions 16 project toward the inner pipe 2 side. By forming the projections toward the inner pipe 2 side, the fin portions 16 are deformed toward the inner pipe 2 side, increasing the contact areas between the fin portions 16 and the inner pipe 2, which enlarges the inner contact portions 6 in length. Heat can be thereby efficiently transmitted from the inner pipe 2. In addition, for example, as shown in
Here, it is assumed in the present embodiment that the shape of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is the arc shape, but is not limited to the arc shape, and a shape having a bent portion at least at one point can bring the advantages of scattering the loads on the portions to be the fin portions 16 and of preventing a lift in the inner contact portions 6. In addition, the above description similarly holds in a double pipe heat exchanger in which, for example, the outer contact portions 7 are not the point contact, and similar advantages can be brought.
Third EmbodimentFor example, if the relationship of L1 and L2 is L1<L2, end points of the inner contact portion 6 may serve as fulcra to generate deformation when excessive external forces are applied to the outer pipe 1, the inner pipe 2, and the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3. For this reason, as described in the second embodiment, in the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3, the middle portion of the inner contact portion 6 may be lifted from the inner pipe 2, resulting in the loss of heat-transfer performance.
Thus, by satisfying L1>L2, for example, like the first embodiment, even when external forces are applied so as to bring the outer pipe 1 into intimate contact with the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 across the outer contact portions 7 each having a contact length when viewed from the front of the pipe cross section, forces applied to the outer contact portions 7 are scattered, which prevents the pipes from being deformed.
In addition, by satisfying L1>L2, when external forces are applied so as to bring the inner pipe 2 into intimate contact with the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3, and to bring the outer pipe 1 into intimate contact with the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3, external forces applied to the inner contact portions 6 are substantially identical to external forces applied to the outer contact portions 7, and thus the outer contact portions 7 are first deformed when excessive external forces are applied. This can prevent the inner contact portions 6, which are most important to reduce the contact thermal resistance, from being lifted, and does not lose but can enhance a heat-transfer performance.
Next, with respect to the double pipe heat exchanger according to the third embodiment having such characteristics, conditions of shape parameters to satisfy L1>L2 will be considered.
In addition, AO denotes an angle between the top of a projecting portion of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 and the top of the next projecting portion, θ1 denotes an angle that serves as a guide for forming the projecting portions, and θ2 denotes an angle that serves as a guide for forming the depressed portions. In addition, θ1′ denotes a number b of angles each of which is θ1 divided by a (θ1′=b/a×θ1), and θ2′ denotes a number b of angles each of which is θ2 divided by a (θ2′=b/a×θ2). Furthermore, a length along which the inner pipe 2 is in contact with the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is denoted by L1, and a length along which the outer pipe 1 is in contact with the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is denoted by L2. Here, it is assumed that the shape of the projecting portions and the shape of the depressed portions are all an identical shape in the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3. Then, θ0, θ1, θ2, θ1′, and θ2′ are geometrically represented by Expressions (3) to (6).
[Expression 3]
θo=360/n (3)
[Expression 4]
θ2+θ1=θo=360/n (4)
[Expression 5]
θ1′=b/a·θ1 (5)
[Expression 6]
θ2′=b/a·θ2 (6)
In addition, the length L1 of the inner contact portions 6 and the length L2 of the outer contact portions 7 can be represented by Expressions (7) and (8) respectively.
L1=π·2dio·(θ2′/360) [Expression 7]
L2=π·2doi·(θ1′/360) [Expression 8]
Based on Expressions (3) to (8), the conditions to satisfy L1>L2 can be represented by Expression (9).
[Expression 9]
θ1>(360/n)·{doi/(dio+doi)}} (9)
As described above, according to the double pipe heat exchanger of the third embodiment, the length L1 of the inner contact portions 6 between the inner-pipe outer wall and the inner wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe, the length L2 of the outer contact portions 7 between the outer-pipe inner wall and the outer wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe are made to have the relationship of L1>L2, and thus the external forces applied to the outer contact portions 7 can be scattered. In addition, by making the external forces applied to inner contact portions 6 substantially identical to the external forces applied to outer contact portions 7, excessive external forces are not applied only to the inner contact portions 6 but scattered, which can prevent a lift in the inner contact portions 6. The above enables the prevention of excessive deformation of each pipe.
Fourth EmbodimentAlthough not in particular described in the above-described first to third embodiments, it is preferable that each contact area is brazed with a brazing material 15 so as to further secure the contact between the inner-pipe outer wall and the inner wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe, and the contact between the outer-pipe inner wall and the outer wall of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe.
Here, if it is difficult to apply the brazing material 15 after the assembly, a cladding material in which the heat transfer area enlargement pipe 3 is clad in (covered with) the brazing material 15 in advance may be used.
Fifth EmbodimentIn a fifth embodiment, there will be described an example of a refrigeration cycle device to which the double pipe heat exchanger described in the first to fourth embodiments is applied. Here, four kinds of configurations of the refrigeration cycle device will be described.
The compressor 8 sucks and compresses a refrigerant, and discharges the refrigerant at a high temperature and pressure. Here, the compressor 8 may be configured by, for example, a compressor that controls a rotation speed with an inverter circuit or the like to adjust the amount of discharged refrigerant. The condensor 9 to be a heat exchanger is for performing heat exchange between, for example, air supplied from a blower (not shown) and the refrigerant to condense the refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant (to condense and liquefy the refrigerant).
In addition, the expansion valve (pressure-reducing valve or throttle) 10 is for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant. The expansion valve is configured by, for example, flow control means such as an electronic expansion valve, and may be configured by, for example, refrigerant amount adjusting means or the like such as an expansion valve and a capillary including a temperature sensitive cylinder. The evaporator 11 is for performing heat exchange between air or the like to evaporate the refrigerant into a gas refrigerant (to evaporate and gasify).
In addition, the double pipe heat exchanger 12 of the refrigeration cycle device in
The double pipe heat exchanger 12 of a refrigeration cycle device in
In such a manner, the refrigeration cycle device in
The double pipe heat exchanger 12 of the refrigeration cycle device in
In such a manner, the refrigeration cycle device in
The refrigeration cycle device in
In
Claims
1. A double pipe heat exchanger comprising:
- an inner pipe inside which a first fluid passes;
- an outer pipe that has a diameter larger than a diameter of the inner pipe and that covers the inner pipe, the inner pipe and the outer pipe configured to allow a second fluid to pass through a space defined therebetween; and
- a heat transfer area enlargement pipe that is provided in the space and in which, in a pipe cross section, an angle between the heat transfer area enlargement pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe at each of inner contact portions to he contact areas between an outer wall of the inner pipe and the heat transfer area enlargement pipe is smaller than an angle between the heat transfer area enlargement pipe and the inner wall of the outer-pipe at each of outer contact portions to be contact areas between an inner wall of the outer pipe and the heat transfer area enlargement pipe the heat transfer area enlargement pipe having a projection-depression shape in the pipe cross section in which fin portions between the inner contact portions and the outer contact portions that traverse the space in the pipe cross section come into contact with the outer wall of the inner-pipe and the inner wall of the outer-pipe in oblique directions.
2. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the fin portions each have an arc shape in the pipe cross section.
3. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the fin portions each have a bent shape that projects toward the inner pipe side in the pipe cross section.
4. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein, in the pipe cross section of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe, a length in a pipe-circumferential direction of each of the inner contact portions is made to be larger than a length in a pipe-circumferential direction of the outer contact portion.
5. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the contact portions are formed such that the outer contact portions are made to be point contacts in the pipe cross section, and the inner contact portions are made to be line contacts in the pipe cross section.
6. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the heat transfer area enlargement pipe is formed so as to satisfy
- θ1<(360/n)×{doi/(dio+doi)}
- where θ1 is an angle formed between both end portions of the outer contact portion and the center of the inner pipe and the outer pipe, dio is an outer diameter of the inner pipe, doi is an inner diameter of the outer pipe, n is a number of projecting shapes or depressed shapes of the heat transfer area enlargement pipe, and the projecting shapes and the depressed shapes all have an identical shape.
7. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the outer contact portions and the inner contact portions are each brazed.
8. The double pipe heat exchanger of claim 7, wherein the heat transfer area enlargement e pipe is formed by a cladding material having a surface covered with a brazing material.
9. A refrigeration cycle device that performs heat exchange between two kinds of refrigerants using the double pipe heat exchanger of claim 1.
10. The refrigeration cycle device of claim 9, wherein at least one of the refrigerants is water or brine.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 3, 2013
Publication Date: Aug 27, 2015
Applicant: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (Tokyo)
Inventors: Satoru Yanachi (Tokyo), Yohei Kato (Tokyo)
Application Number: 14/432,630