SUPER LIGHT WEIGHT ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT AND LOW POWER DISTRIBUTION IN AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
A method and system for applying conductive traces to a structure to complete an electrical circuit. One or more graphene traces is formed on a substrate. The substrate is applied to the structure such that one or more first portions of the electrical circuit are electrically connected to respective one or more second portions of the electrical circuit by respective ones of the one or more graphene traces. The substrate may be removed from the structure such that the graphene traces remain on the structure. The structure is preferably a fuselage of an aircraft and is formed from a composite material. The substrate may be applied to the structure is prior to curing of the composite material and/or prior to a complete formation of the fuselage, such that, after the fuselage is completely formed, the one or more graphene traces become embedded within the composite material forming the fuselage.
This disclosure relates generally to electrical conductors, and more specifically, to highly conductive electrical circuits that are reduced in weight as compared to copper and aluminum wire conductor implementations that are equivalent in conductivity.
BACKGROUNDIt is a continuing goal to reduce the cost and weight of aircraft, spacecraft, and many other devices that include one or more electrical functions. Aircraft, for example, typically include thousands of feet of copper or aluminum wire embedded in an insulator. This wire requires a great deal of time for both manufacturing and installation, and contributes a great deal to the weight of the aircraft. Added weight results in a corresponding increase in fuel consumption and/or a decrease in payload capacity.
In most existing applications, electrical power, current, and electrical signals are typically conducted through wires or cables using copper or aluminum as the conductive medium. In these applications, the amount of power, current, and signal strength are inherently limited by the electrical resistivity of the conducting materials, such as copper and aluminum, used to implement the electrical path. In addition, since copper and aluminum conductors include a resistance, current flowing through such conductors causes the wire to generate heat. A conductor with a lower resistance per unit area will tend to reduce the amount of heat generated (and electrical energy lost due to such generated heat) within a system.
Accordingly, there is a need for an electrical conductor for use in aircraft which overcomes the drawbacks of conventional copper and aluminum conductors.
SUMMARYIn one aspect, a method for applying conductive traces to a structure to complete an electrical circuit. One or more graphene traces are formed on a substrate. Then the substrate is applied to the structure such that one or more first portions of the electrical circuit are electrically connected to respective one or more second portions of the electrical circuit by respective ones of the one or more graphene traces.
In a further embodiment, the substrate may be removed from the structure such that the graphene traces remain on the structure. In addition, the structure may comprise a fuselage of an aircraft. Further, the fuselage of the aircraft may be formed from a composite material, and the substrate may be applied to the structure prior to curing of the composite material. Alternatively, when the fuselage of the aircraft is formed from a composite material, the substrate may be applied to the structure prior to a complete formation of the fuselage, such that, after the fuselage is completely formed, the one or more graphene traces become embedded within the composite material forming the fuselage. The at least one of the one or more graphene traces may be used to conduct electrical signals and/or electrical power. The substrate may be bonded to the structure when applied so that the substrate acts as an insulator for the one or more graphene traces. Still further, the substrate may include additional electrical circuitry. The additional electrical circuitry may be one or more organic light emitting diodes.
In another aspect, a method for applying conductive traces to a structure to complete an electrical circuit. One or more graphene traces is formed on a substrate. The substrate is applied to the structure such that one or more first portions of the electrical circuit are electrically connected to respective one or more second portions of the electrical circuit by respective ones of the one or more graphene traces. Finally, the substrate is removed from the structure such that the graphene traces remain on the structure.
In a still further aspect, a system for electrically coupling two portions of one or more electrical circuits. The system includes a substrate and one or more graphene traces formed on the substrate. Each of the one or more graphene traces is adapted to electrically couple a first portion of a respective one of the one or more electrical circuits to a second portion of the respective one of the one or more electrical circuits. The system may further include additional electrical circuitry formed on the substrate. The additional electrical circuitry may be one or more organic light emitting diodes. Finally, at least one portion of the one or more electrical circuits may be mounted on an interior surface of an aircraft fuselage.
The features, functions, and advantages that have been discussed can be achieved independently in various embodiments or may be combined in yet other embodiments, further details of which can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings.
The following detailed description, given by way of example and not intended to limit the present disclosure solely thereto, will best be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
In the present disclosure, like reference numbers refer to like elements throughout the drawings, which illustrate various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
Graphene is a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb (hexagonal) crystal lattice. Graphene has a density of approximately 1.7 g/cm3. Graphene is strong, light, nearly transparent and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. The carbon/carbon bond length in graphene can be as thick as 0.142 nanometers. Graphene nanosheets are formed from layers of graphene. Graphene has a high carrier mobility and low noise susceptibility and thus is quite useful in electronic circuits.
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The use of graphene traces, as opposed to conventional copper or aluminum wiring, can provide significant savings in both weight and manufacturing costs. These circuits based on graphene traces can be embedded in an aircraft fuselage formed from either a composite material or a metal material, and in other structures formed from composites and/or metal. The elimination of conventional copper or aluminum wiring provides a significant weight savings and a significant reduction in the manufacturing and assembly process of the aircraft. This results in both a significant reduction in cost of each aircraft and an improved per mile revenue for each aircraft because of fuel savings achieved by the lighter aircraft.
Although the present disclosure has been particularly shown and described with reference to the disclosed embodiments and various aspects thereof, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. It is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the embodiments described herein, the alternatives mentioned above, and all equivalents thereto.
Claims
1. A method for applying conductive traces to a structure to complete an electrical circuit, comprising the steps of:
- forming one or more graphene traces on a substrate; and
- applying the substrate to the structure such that one or more first portions of the electrical circuit are electrically connected to respective one or more second portions of the electrical circuit by respective ones of the one or more graphene traces.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of removing the substrate from the structure such that the graphene traces remain on the structure.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises a fuselage of an aircraft.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the fuselage of the aircraft is formed from a composite material, and the step of applying the substrate to the structure is performed prior to curing of the composite material.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the fuselage of the aircraft is formed from a composite material, and wherein the step of applying the substrate to the structure is performed prior to a complete formation of the fuselage, such that, after the fuselage is completely formed, the one or more graphene traces become embedded within the composite material forming the fuselage.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of using at least one of the one or more graphene traces to conduct electrical signals.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of using at least one of the one or more graphene traces to conduct electrical power.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the applying substrate to the structure bonds the substrate to the structure so that the substrate acts as an insulator for the one or more graphene traces.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate includes additional electrical circuitry.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the additional electrical circuitry comprises one or more organic light emitting diodes.
11. A method for applying conductive traces to a structure to complete an electrical circuit, comprising the steps of:
- forming one or more graphene traces on a substrate;
- applying the substrate to the structure such that one or more first portions of the electrical circuit are electrically connected to respective one or more second portions of the electrical circuit by respective ones of the one or more graphene traces; and
- removing the substrate from the structure such that the graphene traces remain on the structure.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the structure comprises a fuselage of an aircraft.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the fuselage of the aircraft is formed from a composite material, and the step of applying the substrate to the structure is performed prior to curing of the composite material.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the fuselage of the aircraft is formed from a composite material, and wherein the step of applying the substrate to the structure is performed prior to a complete formation of the fuselage, such that, after the fuselage is completely formed, the one or more graphene traces become embedded within the composite material forming the fuselage.
15. The method of claim 11, further comprising the step of using at least one of the one or more graphene traces to conduct electrical signals.
16. The method of claim 11, further comprising the step of using at least one of the one or more graphene traces to conduct electrical power.
17. A system for electrically coupling two portions of one or more electrical circuits, comprising:
- a substrate; and
- one or more graphene traces formed on the substrate, each of the one or more graphene traces adapted to electrically couple a first portion of a respective one of the one or more electrical circuits to a second portion of the respective one of the one or more electrical circuits.
18. The system of claim 17, further comprising additional electrical circuitry formed on the substrate.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein the additional electrical circuitry comprises one or more organic light emitting diodes.
20. The system of claim 17, wherein at least one portion of the one or more electrical circuits is mounted on an interior surface of an aircraft fuselage.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 15, 2014
Publication Date: Jun 16, 2016
Inventor: Morteza Safai (Newcastle, WA)
Application Number: 14/570,827