SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE TCI907, COMPOSITION AND USE OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE TCI907, AND/OR ITS METABOLITES

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 was deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under the accession number DSMZ33480. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or its metabolites can be used to prepare compositions that regulate blood glucose, lose weight or reduce the production of advanced glycation end products.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 62/886,397 filed on Aug. 14, 2019. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent applications are hereby incorporated by references herein and made a part of the specification.

REFERENCE OF AN ELECTRONIC SEQUENCE LISTING

The contents of the electronic sequence listing (US_P200419-2USI_TCI907_ST25.txt; Size: 6.2 KB; and Date of Creation: Aug. 14, 2020) is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The present invention relates to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in particular to Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof, a composition thereof, and a use thereof to prepare compositions used for regulating blood glucose, losing weight or reducing production of advanced glycation end products.

Related Art

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that the intake of sugar accounts for 10% or lower of the total calories, which is equivalent to 25 g or lower of the sugar intake per day.

A study has pointed out that in addition to increase of the probability of tooth decay, intake of excessive carbohydrates can also induce insulin resistance of people ingesting the carbohydrates, increase the probability of obesity, the probability of metabolic syndromes, and the probability of fatty liver development, raise the blood pressure, the blood glucose, and the blood lipid, and then increase the risk of a cardiovascular disease.

When the human body ingests sugar, the sugar and protein in the human body aggregate with each other and undergo an irreversible reaction to produce unreducible substances, namely advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

The advanced glycation end products will change and affect normal functions of the protein. For example, the advanced glycation end products will link with other proteins to form macromolecules, thereby reducing the chance of protein metabolism. In addition, the advanced glycation end products can also cause DNA translocation, which will cause DNA damage, and then affect normal functions of DNA. In addition, the advanced glycation end products, besides automatic generation in the human body, are rich in the daily diet. In addition to effect on the skin, the advanced glycation end products may affect whole organs of the human body by being absorbed by intestines.

Therefore, reducing the intake of the carbohydrates may lower harm to the body, for example, reducing the risk of chronic diseases.

SUMMARY

In some embodiments, Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

In some embodiments, a composition includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, a metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, or a combination thereof, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

In some embodiments, a use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof in preparation of a composition for regulating blood glucose is provided, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

In some embodiments, a use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof in preparation of a composition for losing weight is provided, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

In some embodiments, a use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof in preparation of a composition for reducing production of advanced glycation end products is provided, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

In conclusion, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof of any embodiment can be used for preparing the compositions. In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under the accession number DSMZ33480. In some embodiments, the composition includes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, or the combination thereof. In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof can be used for preparing the compositions used for regulating the blood glucose, losing weight or reducing the production of the advanced glycation end products. In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has the function of inhibiting the activity of amylase or/and depleting carbohydrates. In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has the functions of improving basic metabolic capacity of a host and reducing production of advanced glycation end products in the host.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a result diagram of a viability experiment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in a simulated gastric environment;

FIG. 2 is a result diagram of a viability experiment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in a simulated intestinal environment;

FIG. 3 is a result diagram of a carbohydrates depletion capacity experiment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and other Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial strains;

FIG. 4 is a result diagram of inhibiting intracellular oxidation by a metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907;

FIG. 5 is a result diagram of relative measurement of a percentage of lipid droplets;

FIG. 6 is a result diagram of relative magnification of content of pyruvate;

FIG. 7 is a result diagram of weight data of week 0 and week 4;

FIG. 8 is a result diagram of whole body fat rate data of week 0 and week 4;

FIG. 9 is a result diagram of fasting blood glucose data of week 0 and week 4; and

FIG. 10 is a result diagram of postprandial blood glucose data of week 0 and week 4.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is a bacterial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae separated from draft beer. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480. In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a good capacity for depleting carbohydrates. In addition, when a host intakes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has the capacity for competing with the host for the carbohydrates, thereby regulating blood glucose of the host.

It should be noted that “depleting carbohydrates” refers to its own capacity for “depleting monosaccharides” of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, and also refers to the capacity for “competing for the monosaccharides” of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 with the host.

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is an aerobic yeast in an ovoid shape. A colony of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is in an opaque milky white shape, and the colony thereof is smooth in surface and neat in edge. A growth temperature of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is 28° C. to 37° C. In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can survive in an environment with a potential of hydrogen value (a pH value) of 3 to 7.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of being resistant to gastric acid bile salts. For example, a survival rate of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in a simulated gastric environment (with the pH value of 3-4) is 99.4%, and the survival rate in a simulated intestinal environment (with the pH value of 7) is 99.8%.

Therefore, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can be colonized in the human gastrointestinal environment, through which, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 then competes with the host for ingested carbohydrates so as to reduce the capacity for absorbing the carbohydrates of the host and assisting the human body in depleting the absorbed carbohydrates (such as glucose). In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has the capacity for reducing production of advanced glycation end products. For example, when the capacity for absorbing the carbohydrates of the host is reduced, production of the advanced glycation end products in the host can be reduced.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is cultured, and after the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 bacterial cells and a supernatant are centrifugally separated, the supernatant is filtered to obtain the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907. In other words, the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 includes a substance secreted into a culture solution by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 after metabolism. In some embodiments, the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 further includes a yeast culture solution for culturing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, and the yeast culture solution has cultured the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, but the yeast culture solution does not contain Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 bacterial cells. In an exemplary example, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is used in a yeast extract peptone dextrose medium (YPD medium) at 28° C. for 16 hours to obtain a bacterial solution containing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 bacterial cells and a metabolite thereof. Next, the bacterial solution is centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 minutes to separate the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 bacterial cells from a supernatant containing the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907. The supernatant is taken and filtered with a filter of 0.22 micron (μm) to obtain the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907.

Herein, the term “metabolite” means a substance secreted into a culture solution by a yeast after metabolism, or a substance secreted into a culture solution by a yeast after metabolism and the yeast culture solution used for culturing the yeast when the yeast is cultured, but not containing the yeast itself.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of inhibiting an activity of amylase. For example, when the host intakes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and % or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the amylase in the host can be inhibited, the conversion efficiency of starch ingested by the host into carbohydrates in the body can be reduced, thereby achieving the effect of blood glucose reduction.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of consuming the carbohydrates. For example, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 colonized in the body of the host can compete with the host for the carbohydrates and assist the host in depleting the carbohydrates (such as glucose).

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of reducing fat accumulation. For example, the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can reduce the content of lipid droplets in adipocytes, thereby reducing fat accumulation.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of reducing production of advanced glycation end products in a host, thereby reducing an oxidation stress caused by the advanced glycation end products. In some embodiments, a metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can be used for reducing the damage caused by advanced glycation end products to cells.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of improving basic metabolic capacity of a host. In some embodiments, a metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can increase the content of pyruvate and increase the calorie consumption of muscle cells.

On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can be used for preparing a composite. In other words, the composite includes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 or a combination thereof.

In addition, in some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof are/is used for preparing a composition for regulating blood glucose.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof are/is used for preparing a composition for losing weight.

In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof are/is used for preparing a composition for reducing production of advanced glycation end products.

In some embodiments, any of the foregoing compositions may be a medicine. In other words, the medicine contains an effective amount of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof.

In some embodiments, the foregoing medicine can be manufactured into a dosage form suitable for intestinal, parenteral, oral, or topical administration by using techniques well known to those skilled in the art.

In some embodiments, the dosage form for intestinal or oral administration may be, but is not limited to, a tablet, a troche, a lozenge, a pill, a capsule, dispersible powder or a granule, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, syrup, an elixir, slurry or the like.

For example, when a dosage form of the composition is in a capsule shape, a dosage of the composition is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 of 5×10⁷ colony-forming unit/capsule (CFU/cap).

In some embodiments, any of the foregoing compositions may be an edible composition. In other words, the edible composition contains a certain content of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof. In some embodiments, the foregoing edible composition may be a food product or a food additive. In some embodiments, the food product may be, but is not limited to: beverages, fermented foods, health foods, and dietary supplements.

Example I: Strain Screening and Identification

Appropriate amount of liquid separately taken from draft beer and Korean unstrained liquor is put on a coating tray on solid YPD mediums (BD Difco™ YPD Broth with a model number DF0428-17-5), and is cultured at 28° C. until a single colony is formed. A plurality of single colonies are separately picked from the solid YPD culture tray of the draft beer coating tray and the solid YPD culture tray of the Korean unstrained liquor coating tray, and yeast internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes are used for strain identification. ITS genes (namely SEQ ID NO:1 to SEQ ID NO:5) of these single colonies are obtained through a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), then, a website of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is utilized, and after gene sequences shown by SEQ ID NO:1 to SEQ ID NO:5 are separately compared with ITS gene sequences of other subspecies (such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae YJM1383 (marked as YJM1383 in Table 1) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae YJM693 (marked as YJM693 in Table 1)) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it can be found that similarities between the ITS gene sequences of these single colonies and other Saccharomyces cerevisiae subspecies are shown in Table 1. On such basis, these single colonies are bacterial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and are numbered and named according to Table 1.

TABLE 1
				Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Bacterial		ITS gene		subspecies (marked
strain serial	Separation	sequence serial		with subspecies
number	source	number	Similarity	serial numbers)
TCI907	Draft beer	SEQ NO: 1	97%-98%	YJM1383, YJM693,
				10-1358
Y01	Korean	SEQ NO: 2	96%	bcpca-qj-6
	unstrained
	liquor
Y02	Korean	SEQ NO: 3	96%	M01614, TU74, K46A,
	unstrained			bcpca-qj-6
	liquor
Y12	Draft beer	SEQ NO: 4	92%-93%	TU121, CP1, TU14,
				TU9, YMA1
Y17	Draft beer	SEQ NO: 5	96%-97%	bcpca-qj-6, TU14

Among them, a single colony which is separated from draft beer and has a similarity up to 97% to 98% with other Saccharomyces cerevisiae subspecies is named the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907. In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

Example II: A Gastric Acid Bile Salt Resistant Experiment

Herein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is tested with a buffer, an artificial gastric juice (pH 3) and an artificial intestinal juice (pH 7) to confirm acid alkali-resistance of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in a digestive tract of an organism. Among them, the buffer is potassium chloride (KCL with a model number Sigma-Aldrich P9333) of 0.2 molar concentration (M) and with a pH of 7. The artificial gastric juice is 0.2 M potassium chloride with a pH of 3. The artificial intestinal fluid is 0.2 M potassium chloride and 0.3 wt % of cow bile salts (purchased from Difco™ Oxgall, with a model number 212820) and a pH of 7.

An activation procedure is executed to activate the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907. First, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 frozen bacteria of 10 vol % are cultured in a liquid YPD medium (BD Difcom YPD Broth, with a model number DF0428-17-5) at 28° C. for 16 hours to activate the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907.

Next, an activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 bacterial solution of a 1 vol % concentration is taken and is inoculated into 20 mL of a solution to be tested, and then cultured at 37° C. under shaking at 50 rpm for 3 hours. Among them, solutions to be tested of three groups are an artificial gastric juice (an experimental group), an artificial intestinal juice (an experimental group) and a potassium chloride buffer (a control group). 100 microliters (μL) of the bacterial solution is taken from the cultured bacterial solution to coat a tray, and is left to stand and cultured at 28° C. for 3 days, and then the number of viable bacteria in each group is counted with naked eyes 3 days later (calculate the number of colonies on the solid YPD medium).

Refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In the diagram, viability of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is the counted number of viable bacteria, and is expressed in log CFU/mL. Among them, log CFU/mL indicates a colony-forming unit (CFJ) contained in each milliliter of bacterial solution and is expressed in logarithm (log₁₀). It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the viability of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in the control group is 7.75 log CFU/mL, and the viability of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in the artificial gastric juice experimental group is 7.70 log CFU/mL. It can be seen from this that the number of viable bacteria in the artificial gastric juice experimental group is 99.4% of that of the control group. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the viability of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in the control group is 7.75 log CFU/mL, and the viability of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 in the artificial intestinal juice experimental group is 7.74 log CFU/mL. It can be seen from this that the number of viable bacteria in the artificial intestinal juice experimental group is 99.8% of that of the control group.

Therefore, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of being resistant to gastric acid bile salts.

Example III: A Carbohydrate Depleting Experiment

Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y01, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y02, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y12, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y17 are separately activated by a foregoing activation procedure to facilitate subsequent experiments.

A carbohydrate content of a YPD culture solution is adjusted with glucose (Sigma-Aldrich, with a model number G8270) into 20 g of glucose per each liter of YPD culture solution (namely a concentration of the glucose is 20 grams/liter (g/L)) to form an adjusted YPD culture solution. Next, the bacterial number of activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the bacterial number of activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y01, the bacterial number of activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y02, the bacterial number of activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y12, and the bacterial number of activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y17 are adjusted so that an absorbance value (OD₆₀₀) thereof is 1. Next, 1 vol % of each Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial strain subjected to bacterial number adjustment is inoculated into the adjusted YPD culture solution and cultured at 28° C. for 18 hours to form a cultured bacterial solution of each Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial strain. Each cultured bacterial solution is centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 minutes, a supernatant obtained after centrifugation is diluted by 10 times, and a glucose concentration is measured with a blood glucose meter (a Rightest blood glucose meter, with a model number GM550). For the control group, a glucose concentration of an adjusted YPD culture solution subjected to dilution by 10 times is measured with a blood glucose meter (a Rightest blood glucose meter, with a model number GM550).

Refer to FIG. 3. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial strains are separately shown with serial numbers TCI907, Y01, Y02, Y12, and Y17 thereof in FIG. 3.

A glucose concentration of the control group (glucose thereof is not consumed or depleted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is 20 g/L. A measured glucose concentration of a supernatant of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 group is 5.3 g/L. A measured glucose concentration of a supernatant of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y01 group is 10.3 g/L. A measured glucose concentration of a supernatant of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y02 group is 11.5 g/L. A measured glucose concentration of a supernatant of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y12 group is 10.5 g/L. A measured glucose concentration of a supernatant of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y17 group is 11.2 g/L. In other words, the measured glucose concentration of the supernatant of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 group is lowest, that is to say, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a carbohydrates depletion rate of 73.5%, and has better carbohydrates depletion capacity than other Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial strains.

It can be seen from this that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a capacity for depleting glucose. After a host intakes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 colonized in the body of the host can assist the host in depleting the glucose.

Example IV: Preparation of a Metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907

After the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is activated with the foregoing activation procedure, 10 vol % of the activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is inoculated into a YPD medium and cultured at 28° C. for 16 hours. Next, centrifugation is performed at 5000 rpm for 15 minutes to separate the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 bacterial cells from a supernatant containing the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907. The supernatant is taken and filtered with a filter of 0.22 micron (μm) to obtain the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907.

It can be seen from this that the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is a substance secreted into a culture solution by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 after metabolism and the YPD medium used for culturing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 (but not containing the bacterial cells).

Example V: An Amylase Inhibition Experiment

Herein, a solution used includes a 0.02 mole concentration (M) sodium phosphate buffer (hereinafter referred to as a NaCl-Pi buffer) containing 6 mM sodium chloride, a 1% starch solution, a dinitrosalicylic acid color reagent (hereinafter referred to as a terminating agent) and an α-amylase solution (5 units/mL). Among them, the NaCl-Pi buffer is prepared from sodium monohydrogen phosphate (purchased from J.T. Baker, with a serial number 3828-01), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (purchased from Sigma, with a serial number 04270), sodium chloride (purchased from First Chemical Works, with a serial number C4B07) and water. The 1% starch solution is obtained by dissolving soluble starch (purchased from Sigma, with a model number S9765) in the NaCl-Pi buffer. The terminating agent is prepared with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (Sigma, with a model number D0550), 2 normality (N) of sodium hydroxide (NaOH, purchased from Macron, with a serial number 7708-10) solution and deionized water. The α-amylase solution is prepared with α-amylase (purchased from Sigma, with a model number A3176) and the NaCl-Pi buffer to obtain 5 units/milliliter of α-amylase solution.

Herein, the metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 (prepared in Example IV) and the NaCl-Pi buffer are used as test samples, and an amylase enzyme activity test is performed according to Table 2 below.

TABLE 2
Test	Test	Reaction	Reaction
group	sample	enzyme	matrix
Experimental group	Metabolite of the	α-amylase	Starch
(0 minute)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
	TCI907
Experimental group	Metabolite of the	α-amylase	Starch
(10 minutes)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
	TCI907
Control group	NaCl-Pi buffer	α-amylase	Starch
(0 minute)
Control group	NaCl-Pi buffer	α-amylase	Starch
(10 minutes)

Among them, the experimental group (0 minute) and the control group (0 minute) are test groups at a starting point of reaction (0 minute), which indicates that α-amylase does not react with the starch. However, the experimental group (10 minutes) and the control group (10 minutes) are test groups at a termination point of reaction (10 minutes), which indicates that α-amylase reacts with the starch for 10 minutes. In addition, each test group is subjected to three repeated experiments.

According to Table 2, 200 μL of the test sample is separately taken into centrifuge tubes, then 200 μL of α-amylase solution (5 units/mL) is separately added into each centrifuge tube, the centrifuge tube containing the test sample and the α-amylase solution is shaken to uniformly mix the test sample and the α-amylase solution to form a solution to be reacted, and the centrifuge tube containing the solution to be reacted is placed in an environment of 25° C. for reaction for 10 minutes.

Next, 400 μL of terminating agent is separately added to the centrifuge tubes of the test groups at the starting point of the reaction (0 minute) to be uniformly mixed with a solution to be reacted, and then 200 μL of 1% starch solution is separately added and left to stand at 25° C. for 10 minutes to form an unreacted solution.

However, 200 μL of 1% starch solution is separately added into the centrifuge tubes of the test groups at the termination point of the reaction (10 minutes) to uniformly mix the 1% starch solution and the solution to be reacted to form a mixed solution. A centrifuge tube containing the mixed solution is placed for reaction at 25° C. for 10 minutes, and then 400 μL of terminating agent is added and uniformly mixed with the reaction solution to stop reaction of starch and α-amylase to form a reaction solution.

Then, a centrifuge tube containing the unreacted solution and a centrifuge tube containing the reacted solution are placed in boiling water (100° C.) for 5 minutes, and then are cooled to a room temperature (25° C.) to form a solution to be tested.

150 μL of the solution to be tested is separately taken from the centrifuge tubes and is mixed with 850 μL of water to dilute the solution to be tested. Next, 200 μL of diluted solution to be tested is taken and put into a 96-well tray, and an ELISA (an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) reader (brand: BioTek) is used for measuring an absorbance value thereof at 540 nm.

The activity percentage (%) of the amylase of each test group relative to the control group is calculated according to the following formula (1). In other words, the activity percentage of the amylase in the control group is regarded as 100%, for calculating the activity percentage (%) of the amylase between the experimental group and the reference group.

$\mathrm{Formula}\left(1\right)$ $\begin{array}{cc}\%\alpha \text{-}\mathrm{Amylase}\mathrm{activity}=\frac{A_{540\mathrm{nm}}\left({\mathrm{Sample}}_{10\min }-{\mathrm{Sample}}_{0\min }\right)}{A_{540\mathrm{nm}}\left({\mathrm{Control}}_{10\min }-{\mathrm{Control}}_{0\min }\right)}\times 100\%& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

Among them, % α-Amylase activity indicates the activity percentage of amylase (%). A_{540 nm} (Sample_{10 min}−Sample_{0 min}) indicates the difference between an absorbance value of the test group at the termination point of the reaction (10 minutes) at 540 nm and an absorbance value of the test group at the starting point of the reaction (0 minute) at 540 nm, and this test group is an experimental group. A_{540 nm} (Control_{10 min}−Control_{0 min}) indicates the difference between an absorbance value of the control group at the termination point of the reaction (10 minutes) at 540 nm and an absorbance value of the control group at the starting point of the reaction (0 minute) at 540 nm.

According to a measurement result of the experimental group, a value of A_{540 nm} (Sample_{10 min}−Sample_{0 min}) is 0.482, and a value of A_{540 nm} (Control_{10 min}−Control_{0 min}) is 0.563. Furthermore, according to the formula (1), the activity percentage of the amylase of the experimental group can be obtained as 85.6%. In other words, when the activity percentage of the amylase of the control group is regarded as 100%, an inhibition percentage of amylase activity is 14.4%.

It can be seen from this that the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of inhibiting activity of the amylase. Therefore, when the host intakes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 colonized in the host can assist the host in reducing the conversion efficiency of starch ingested by the host into carbohydrates in the body, thereby achieving the effect of blood glucose reduction of the host.

On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof can be used for preparing a composition for regulating the blood glucose.

Example VI: Cell Oxidation Degree Test

Herein, a fluorescent probe DCFH-DA (Sigma/SI-D6883-50MG), cooperating with a flow cytometer (brand: BD Accuri), is used for measuring a change of human monocytes (THP1 cells; purchased from ATCC® TIB-202™) in the content of reactive oxygen species caused by advanced glycation end products.

In addition, a solution used includes Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640) (hereinafter referred to as RPMI medium) added with 10 vol % of fetal bovine serum (FBS, purchased from Gibco), I vol % of antibiotic-antimycotic, a 10 mM zwitterionic sulfonic acid buffer (HEPES), 1 mM sodium pyruvate and 0.05 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, purchased from Gibco), a DCFH-DA solution and the advanced glycation end products (AGEs). For the DCFH-DA solution, 2,7-dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA; with a product number SI-D6883-50MG, purchased from Sigma) is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; purchased from Sigma) to prepare a 5 mg/mL DCFH-DA solution. In addition, the advanced glycation end products are obtained through the steps that a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), 3 mg/mL bovine skin collagen type I solution, a 2 M fructose solution and deionized water are mixed in a volume ratio of 5:2:2:1 and react at 60° C. for one week.

The cell oxidation degree test is performed through three groups of an experimental group (adding a metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and adding the advanced glycation end products), a reference group (not adding the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, but adding the advanced glycation end products) and a control group (not adding the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 or the advanced glycation end products). Among them, the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is prepared in Example IV

First, the human monocytes are inoculated in a 6-well culture tray containing 2 mL of RPMI medium per well in a quantity of 2×10⁵ per well, and are cultured at 37° C. for 24 hours. Next, the RPMI medium in which the human monocytes have been cultured is replaced, 2 mL of a test RPMI medium is added to each well, and culturing is performed at 37° C. for 24 hours. Among them, the test RPMI medium of the experimental group is an RPMI medium added with 0.25 vol % metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 prepared in Example IV. The test RPMI mediums of the reference group and the control group are pure RPMI mediums.

The test RPMI medium is changed to a reaction medium, and culturing is performed at 37° C. for 24 hours. Among them, the reaction mediums of the experimental group and the reference group are RPMI mediums containing 160 μg/mL advanced glycation end products, and the reaction medium of the control group is a pure RPMI medium.

The DCFH-DA solution is added to the reaction medium at a ratio of 5 micrograms of DCFH-DA to the reaction medium of each milliliter, and culturing is performed at 37° C. for 30 minutes.

Next, the human monocytes of three groups are collected and obtained through centrifugation at a revolving speed of 400×g for 5 minutes. In addition, each group is subjected to the washing steps of 1 mL 1×PBS re-dissolution, centrifugation and supernatant removal for three times, and then the washed human monocytes are re-dissolved with 1 mL 1×PBS to form cell sap to be tested of the three groups.

The flow cytometer (brand: BD Accuri) is used for detecting a fluorescence signal of DCFH-DA in the cell sap to be tested of the three groups. An excitation wavelength and an emission wavelength for fluorescence detection are 450 nanometers (nm) and 550 nm respectively. Since DCFH-DA, after entering cells, will be firstly hydrolyzed into dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH), and then oxidized by reactive oxygen species generated by the advanced glycation end products into dichlorofluorescein (DCF) that can emit green fluorescence. The fluorescence intensity of DCFH-DA-treated cells can reflect the content of the reactive oxygen species in the human monocytes, through which, the percentage of a degree of intracellular oxidation can be obtained, as shown in FIG. 4. It should be noted that the degree of intracellular oxidation in FIG. 4 is presented as a percentage, in which an STDEV formula of Excel software is used for calculating a standard deviation, and statistically significant differences among the groups are statistically analyzed through student t-test. In FIG. 4, “***” means that a p value thereof is less than 0.001.

Refer to FIG. 4. The degree of intracellular oxidation in the control group is 0.33%, which indicates that human monocytes without added advanced glycation end products are not affected by oxidative stress. The degree of intracellular oxidation in the reference group is 59.63%, which indicates that the advanced glycation end products exert oxidative stress on human monocytes. The degree of intracellular oxidation in the experimental group is 25.23%, which is lower than the degree of intracellular oxidation in the reference group by 34.4%, which indicates that the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can reduce the oxidative stress caused by the advanced glycation end products on the human monocytes. In other words, compared with the oxidation degree of the reference group, the oxidation degree of the experimental group is decreased by 58%. It can be seen from this that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof can be used for reducing the damage caused by advanced glycation end products to the cells.

On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof can be used for preparing a composition for reducing production of the advanced glycation end products.

Example VII: Fat Accumulation Detection

Herein, a pre-adipocyte expansion medium used is a minimum essential medium α (MEM α, brand: Gibco) added with 20 vol % FBS (brand: Gibco) and 1 vol % penicillin-streptomycin. A differentiation medium used is MEM α (brand: Gibco) added with vol % FBS (brand: Gibco) and 1 vol % penicillin-streptomycin. In addition, an oil-red O stain (brand: Sigma) is completely dissolved in 100% isopropanol (supplier: ECHO) to prepare a 3 mg/mL oil-red O stain stock solution. In order to obtain a usable oil-red O working solution, the oil-red O stain stock solution is diluted with secondary water (ddH2O) to a concentration of 1.8 mg/mL right before use, namely 60% oil-red O stain stock solution.

First, mouse bone marrow stromal cell strains OP9 (purchased from ATCC®, with a serial number CRL-2749™) are inoculated in wells of a 24-well culture tray containing 500 μL of pre-adipocyte expansion medium with the cell number of 8×10⁴ cells per well, and are cultured at 37° C. for 7 days. In the 7-day culture period, the differentiation medium is replaced with fresh 500 μL differentiation medium every 3 days. In 7 days of culturing, a microscope (brand: ZEISS) is used for observing formation of lipid droplets in the cells in each well to confirm that the cells are fully differentiated into adipocytes for use by subsequent experiments.

In 7 days of culturing, the adipocytes are divided into 2 groups: an experimental group and a control group. The differentiation medium of each group is removed and replaced with 500 μL of experimental medium per well, and then placing at 37° C. is performed for continuous culturing for 7 days. In the 7-day culture period, the medium is replaced with fresh 500 μL of experimental medium every 3 days. Among them, the experimental medium of the experimental group is a differentiation medium containing 0.25 vol % metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 obtained in Example IV. The experimental medium of the control group is a pure differentiation medium (namely without the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907).

Next, the experimental medium in each well is removed, and rinsing twice with 1×PBS (Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline; purchased from Gibco) is performed. Next, 1 mL of 10% formaldehyde (formaldehyde, supplier: ECHO) is added to each well, culturing at a room temperature is performed for 30 minutes to fix the cells. Then, the formaldehyde in each well is removed and each well is rinsed twice with 1 mL PBS. After re-rinsing is performed, 1 mL of 60% isopropanol is added to each well to act for 1 minute. Next, the isopropanol is removed, and 1 mL of oil-red O working solution is added and reacts for 1 hour at a room temperature. After acting for 1 hour, the oil-red O working solution is removed and quick destaining with 1 mL of 60% isopropanol is performed for 5 seconds. Next, 100% isopropanol is added to each well, placing on a shaker is performed for reaction for 10 minutes to dissolve the stain. Then, 100 μL of the foregoing dye-isopropanol solution is taken from each well to a 96-well culture tray and an absorbance value (OD₅₁₀) of each well is read with an ELISA reader (brand: BioTek) at a wavelength of 510 nm.

After measurement, a percentage of the lipid droplets (%) is calculated, as shown in FIG. 5. In other words, herein, a percentage of lipid droplets in the control group is regarded as 100% for calculating a percentage of lipid droplets in the experimental group. In addition, statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group are statistically analyzed through student t-test. In FIG. 5, “**” indicates that a p value thereof is less than 0.01 when compared with the control group.

Refer to FIG. 5. Compared with the control group, the percentage of lipid droplets in the experimental group is 91.8%, which could reduce the amount of lipid droplets by 8.2%. Herein, the percentage of lipid droplets in the experimental group is significantly lower than that in the control group. It can be seen from this that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof can effectively inhibit fat accumulation, and have the function of reducing fat formation of a receptor, thereby achieving the effect of losing weight.

Therefore, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof can be used for preparing a composition for losing weight.

Example VIII: Pyruvate Content Detection

Herein, a pretreatment medium used is a DMEM medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) added with 3.7 g/L sodium bicarbonate, 10 vol % FBS (brand: Gibco) and 1 vol % penicillin-streptomycin. A treatment medium used is a DMEM medium containing 1 vol % FBS and 1 vol % horse serum.

First, mouse skeletal muscle cells (hereinafter referred to as C2Cl2 cells; purchased from ATCC® CRL-1772™) are inoculated in a 6-well tray with each well containing 2 mL of pretreatment medium with the cell number of 1×10⁵ cells per well, and are cultured at 37° C. until the cells form a uniform monolayer at the bottom of each well of the culture tray (namely the cell confluence reaches 100%). Next, the medium is changed to the treatment medium to continue culturing the C2Cl2 cells until the C2Cl2 cells differentiate and fuse into polynuclear myotubes.

Next, the differentiated myotubes are divided into 2 groups: an experimental group and a control group. The treatment medium of each group is removed and replaced with 2 ml of a test medium per well, and then placing at 37° C. is performed for continuous culturing for 48 hours. Among them, the test medium of the experimental group is a treatment medium containing 0.25 vol % metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 obtained in Example IV. The test medium of the control group is a pure treatment medium (namely without the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907).

After culturing is performed for 48 hours, 100 μL of a pyruvate assay buffer of pyruvate colorimetric/fluorometric assay kit (purchased from BioVision) is taken and put into each well to lyse the cultured myotubes and form a cell solution. After the cell solution is centrifuged at 10000 g for 10 minutes at 4° C., a supernatant is collected. Next, in each group, 20 μL of supernatant is taken and put into a 96-well tray, and is adjusted to 50 μL volume each well with the pyruvate assay buffer. Next, 50 μL of a reaction mix is added to each well, and after mixing, reaction at a room temperature is performed for 30 minutes. Among them, each 50 μL of reaction mix includes 46 μL of pyruvate assay buffer, 2 μL of pyruvate probe and 2 μL of enzyme mix.

In addition, for colorimetric measurement, a standard curve is formulated with a pyruvate standard (with a concentration of nmol/μL) of the pyruvate colorimetric/fluorometric assay kit. Then, 0 nmol/well, 2 nmol/well, 4 nmol/well, 6 nmol/well, 8 nmol/well and 10 nmol/well standard solutions of the pyruvate are prepared, and are adjusted to 50 μL volume each well with the pyruvate assay buffer. Then, 50 μL of reaction mix is added to each well and mixed uniformly for reaction for 30 minutes to obtain a standard reaction solution. Next, an absorbance value thereof is measured at 570 nm to obtain a standard curve.

In addition, the absorbance values of the experimental group and the reference group am measured at a wavelength of 570 nm, a pyruvate content of each group is calculated through linear interpolation using the standard curve, and then relative magnification of the pyruvate content of the control group and the experimental group is obtained, as shown in FIG. 6. It should be noted that the pyruvate content in FIG. 6 is presented as the relative magnification, in which an STDEV formula of Excel software is used for calculating a standard deviation, and statistically significant differences among the groups are statistically analyzed through student t-test. In FIG. 6. “***” means that a p value thereof is less than 0.001.

Refer to FIG. 6. When the relative content of pyruvate in the control group is regarded as 1 (namely the relative content of pyruvate in the control group is 100%), the relative content of pyruvate in the experimental group is 2.67 (namely the relative content of pyruvate in the experimental group is 267%). In other words, the pyruvate content in the experimental group is higher than that in the control group, which indicates that muscle cells (myotubes) in the experimental group consume 2.67 times more calories than those in the control group. The pyruvate is used as an indicator of basic metabolism. On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof can effectively increase the basic metabolic rate of the muscle cells of a host.

Example IX: A Human Body Experiment

To further confirm the effect of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 on the human body, 8 subjects are asked to intake 1 viable yeast capsule of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 (each capsule contains 5×10⁷ CFU (namely 5×10⁷ CFU/cap) of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907) 30 minutes before meals every day and for 4 weeks. Among them, the 8 subjects are with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 24, or may be a group with high body fat (male body fat rate is greater than or equal to 25 wt %, female body fat rate is greater than or equal to 30 wt %). In addition, each capsule contains 50 mg of yeast powder of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907.

In addition, before the experiment (namely before taking the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 capsules, and regarded as week 0) and after the experiment (namely 4 weeks after the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 capsules are taken, and regarded as week 4), weight, a whole body fat rate, a fasting blood glucose level and a postprandial blood glucose level are measured. Among them, the weight and whole body fat rate are measured with a weight body fat meter (TANITA limb and trunk body composition meter BC601), as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. The fasting blood glucose level is determined in a way that before and after the experiment, the 8 subjects, after being on a fasting for 8 hours, are subjected to fingertip blood sampling through a blood collection tube, and the blood is sent to a laboratory (LEZEN Reference Lab) to determine the fasting blood glucose level, as shown in FIG. 9. The postprandial blood glucose level is determined in a way that before and after the experiment, 8 subjects intake 4 pieces of toast (fixed carbohydrate amount) after being subjected to fasting blood sampling, and are subjected to fingertip blood sampling through a blood collection tube at 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes of toast taking, and the blood is sent to a laboratory to determine the postprandial blood glucose level, as shown in FIG. 10.

It should be noted that the statistical significant differences between measurement results in week 0 and in week 4 and between the time points after meals are statistically analyzed through student t-test, as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. In FIG. 7, “*” indicates that a p value thereof is less than 0.05 when compared with week 0. In FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, “*” indicates that the p value is less than 0.05 when compared with week 0, and “**” indicates that the p value is less than 0.01 when compared with week 0.

Refer to FIG. 7. Before the experiment (namely week 0 in FIG. 7), an average weight of the 8 subjects is 72.6 kg, and after the experiment (namely week 4 in FIG. 7), an average weight of the 8 subjects is 72.1 kg. In other words, after taking the viable yeast capsule of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 daily for 4 weeks, the average weight of the subjects is decreased by 0.5 kg. On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can reduce body weight.

Refer to FIG. 8. Before the experiment (namely week 0 in FIG. 8), an average body fat rate of 8 subjects is 37.9%, and after the experiment (namely week 4 in FIG. 8), an average body fat rate of 8 subjects is 37.3%. In other words, after taking the viable yeast capsules of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 daily for 4 weeks, the average body fat rate of the subjects is decreased by 0.6%. On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can reduce body fat rate.

Therefore, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of losing weight.

Refer to FIG. 9. Before the experiment (namely week 0 in FIG. 9), the average fasting blood glucose level of the 8 subjects is 101.9 mg/dL, and after the experiment (namely week 4 in FIG. 9), the average fasting blood glucose level of the 8 subjects is 95.1 mg/dL. In other words, after taking the viable yeast capsule of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 daily for 4 weeks, the average fasting blood glucose level of the subjects is decreased by 6.8 mg/dL. Refer to FIG. 10. Through comparison between before the experiment (namely a curve of week 0 in FIG. 10) and after the experiment (namely a curve of week 4 in FIG. 10), it can be seen that the average postprandial blood glucose level of 8 subjects is decreased after the subjects intake the viable yeast capsule of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 daily for 4 weeks. In other words, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 can improve postprandial blood glucose changes.

On such basis, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof have/has a function of blood glucose regulating.

In conclusion, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof according to any embodiment of the present invention can be used for preparing the composition. In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof can be used for preparing the compositions used for regulating the blood glucose, losing weight or reducing the production of the advanced glycation end products. In addition, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of inhibiting an activity of amylase. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of depleting carbohydrates. In some embodiments, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has the functions of improving basic metabolic capacity of a host and reducing production of advanced glycation end products in the host. On such basis, the composition prepared with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite thereof has at least one of the following effects: regulating blood glucose, reducing whole body fat rate, reducing body weight, improving basic metabolic capacity, reducing damage caused by the advanced glycation end products, or a combination thereof.

Although the present invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, the disclosure is not for limiting the scope of the invention. Persons having ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and changes without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the description of the preferred embodiments described above.

Claims

1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

2. A composition, comprising Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, a metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907, or a combination thereof, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of inhibiting activity of amylase.

4. The composition of claim 2, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of depleting carbohydrates.

5. The composition of claim 2, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of reducing production of advanced glycation end products in a host, thereby reducing an oxidation stress caused by the advanced glycation end products.

6. The composition of claim 2, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 has a function of improving a basic metabolic capacity of a host.

7. The composition of claim 2, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or the metabolite of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 have/has a function of reducing fat accumulation.

8. A method for regulating blood glucose of a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition containing an effective amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein a dosage form of the composition is in a capsule shape, and a dosage of the composition is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 of 5×107 colony-forming unit/capsule (CFU/cap).

10. A method for losing weight of a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition containing an effective amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein a dosage form of the composition is in a capsule shape, and a dosage of the composition is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 of 5×107 colony-forming unit/capsule (CFU/cap).

12. A method for reducing production of advanced glycation end products of a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition containing an effective amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 and/or a metabolite thereof, wherein the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 is deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under an accession number DSMZ33480.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein a dosage form of the composition is in a capsule shape, and a dosage of the composition is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TCI907 of 5×107 colony-forming unit/capsule (CFU/cap).