SELECTABLE HOLE TRIMMER AND METHODS THEREOF
This disclosure presents a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimmer. The selectable hole trimmer comprises an upper sleeve affixed inside a body via a stop. A charge sleeve is slidable inside the upper sleeve to provide a pressure to a pressurized volume. A catch sleeve is slidable inside the charge sleeve to align a bypass port and a return port with a drilling mud volume. An actuator is fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port. The actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an actuation port in the transfer sleeve and actuate the selectable hole cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, wherein the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters. A manual controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a dropped activation ball.
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This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/365,128 entitled “SELECTABLE HOLE TRIMMER AND METHODS THEREOF,” filed on Jul. 1, 2021, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Nonprovisional patent application Ser. No. 17/089,616 entitled “DEVICE AND METHOD TO TRIGGER, SHIFT, AND/OR OPERATE A DOWNHOLE DEVICE OF A DRILLING STRING INA WELLBORE,” filed on Nov. 4, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/008,364 entitled “DEVICE AND METHOD TO TRIGGER, SHIFT, AND/OR OPERATE A DOWNHOLE DEVICE OF A DRILLING STRING IN A WELLBORE,” filed on Apr. 10, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/931,629 entitled “DEVICE AND METHOD TO TRIGGER, SHIFT, AND/OR OPERATE A DOWNHOLE DEVICE OF A DRILLING STRING IN A WELLBORE,” filed on Nov. 6, 2019.
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/365,128 entitled “SELECTABLE HOLE TRIMMER AND METHODS THEREOF,” filed on Jul. 1, 2021, which also claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/047,451 entitled “SELECTABLE HOLE TRIMMER AND METHODS THEREOF,” filed on Jul. 2, 2020.
All of said priority applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
FIELDThe present invention relates generally to a device for use in downhole drilling.
BACKGROUNDWhile performing drilling operations in an oil and gas well, a drill string rotates a drill bit at an end of the drill string and circulates fluids, such as drilling mud, through the drill string and the drill bit. The fluids may lubricate, cool, and clean the drill bit. The fluids may also control downhole pressure, stabilize the wall of the borehole, and remove drill bit cuttings from the bottom of the hole. Very often, the fluids are engineered with different chemical make-ups to suit specific well applications. Sometimes controlling certain physical or operation properties of the fluids, such as the flow rate through the drill bit, may be as important as controlling the chemical make-ups.
Sometimes operations of downhole tools may be controlled using various sensors and controllers in a closed control loop. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 9,879,518 discloses an intelligent reamer for drilling using rotation sensor, fluid operation sensor, and a control scheme based on the measured rotational rate of the drill string (e.g., an rpm protocol).
Conventionally, a specialized downhole tool (i.e., DSI PBL® sub) may be used to bypass fluids from the drill bit. Such specialized downhole tool may achieve the bypass function by dropping a metal or polymer, hard or malleable ball into the drill string from the derrick floor. The ball then travels downhole and eventually seats into the bypass sub, sealing against the passage downhole. After sealing, the drilling fluids are forced toward lateral vent holes, thus bypassing the drill bit. To terminate this bypass, additional small balls are pumped down the drill string. The smaller balls will block the lateral vent holes. As the lateral vent holes are closed, the malleable metal or polymer ball are deformed and pushed through its seat and into a collector below, thus restoring the flow path to the drill bit.
Such downhole tool (i.e., DSI PBL® sub) often takes a long time for the various balls (either to cause the bypass or to restore the flow) to travel through the drill string and be seated on the seal. In some instances, pumping at 600 gpm down a 10,000 ft drill pipe of 5½-inch diameter would take approximately 12-15 minutes. Such downhole tool (i.e., DSI PBL® sub) also has a limited number of bypass/restore cycles before tool replacement. In some instances, because the collector becomes fully filled, only five sets of malleable metal or polymer ball may be inserted to cause bypasses before the whole downhole tool (i.e., DSI PBL® sub) must be replaced before further bypass operations. Furthermore, dropping the balls into the drill string to be pumped down to the bypass sub is typically a manual operation.
Another specialized tool (i.e., a fixed blade reamer) may be used to slightly enlarge a hole. The fixed blade reamer has a larger diameter than the rest of the drill string. Due to this larger diameter, the fixed blade reamer creates a high drag when sliding and not rotating in directional drilling. This high drag is problematic to the directional drilling process.
Accordingly, a downhole device (e.g., a selectable hole trimmer) is needed that does not create a high drag when sliding and not rotating in directional drilling.
SUMMARYThis disclosure presents a downhole device and method to trigger, shift, and/or operate a downhole device (e.g., a selectable hole trimmer) of a drilling string in a wellbore. At a high level, the disclosed device causes cutters to extend and causes a portion of drilling fluids to bypass the drill bit and into the annulus. The tool operation may be triggered upon certain conditions related to the rotation speeds of the drill string or other conditions such as the pressure of the drilling fluids. For example, the drill string may be rotated in some protocol of operation (e.g., rotate at certain rpm for a certain time period, and/or stop at certain other rpm for a certain time period or stop rotating for a predetermined time period, and so forth) to describe a recognizable series of signals to an accelerometer and/or microprocessor that will communicate to pumps or valves to operate or pause/stop operations. In other instances, the bypass may be triggered in response to changes in the drill string weight, which may be varied in a recognizable fashion such that a load cell may send signals to a microprocessor and open or close valves or pump. The internal drill string pressure variations may be distinctive and recognizable by a pressure transducer in the downhole device. Such variations may then trigger a microprocessor to send further signals to start/stop a pump or open/close a bypass valve or port in the disclosed device.
The disclosed device and method of bypassing drilling fluids from the drill bit may be used in various situations. For example, the use of rotation rate (e.g., revolutions per minute, or rpm) recognition or other methods may be used to start a pump or open/close valves and flow paths for the drilling mud to bypass some or all of the drilling mud from the drill string to the annulus. The bypass fluids may also be used to power other devices or provide a source of data for measurements. Also one of the primary purposes for the bypass flow through the nozzles is that it can provide mud flow to cool and clean the cutters on the pistons and to prevent a pressure lock if the tool fails and the sleeve seals the pistons in the out position.
The disclosed device employs sensors and controllers to make use of the rpm protocol to produce signals that may also be used to extend/retract certain pistons in the downhole device wall to cut a small amount of wall material. For example, after a certain protocol to wake up the downhole device that whenever certain rpm is recognized, reamer pistons may extend a short amount in response to the recognized condition. Continuing to rotate the downhole device will cause the hole to open a small amount more than the bit is cutting so that ultimately when the bottom hole assembly (BHA) is tripped out of the hole and the casing is later tripped into the hole, the components may pass more easily with less interference. Additionally, during directional drilling, particularly rotate and slide procedures, the hole may tend to have a wavy profile as it is drilled, called porpoising. The hole literally may move feet up and down in a wave shape. This also will be reduced or eliminated by utilizing this tool invention.
Such hole opening processes utilizing the monitored rpm and controller signals may be automatic and thus unnoticed by the driller. As a result of the reamer piston's operation, the reamer may smooth out the tight spots caused by the bent motor or other drilling equipment in directional drilling. The rpm or other signal from the driller to the disclosed device may also open an expandable reamer. For example, the disclosed tool may shift a sleeve connected by linkages to reamer blocks, causing the blocks to slide axially up and radially out at a prescribed small angle, thus opening a reamer. Polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDC) and/or other cutting elements of extreme hardness, wear resistance and thermal conductivity will ream and radially enlarge the hole, for example, more or less by 20%.
In a first general aspect, the disclosed downhole device for having bypassing drill fluids bypass a drill bit is disclosed. The device includes a sleeve, sealingly slidable inside a body, the sleeve having a port alignable with a nozzle of the body. The device further includes means for resiliently biasing the sleeve against the body and an actuator configured to provide a pressure to the sleeve and actuate the sleeve to move relative to the body. The device also includes a controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a change of a monitored operation condition.
In one specific aspect, the resilient member includes a spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure.
In another specific aspect, the sleeve may be configured to direct drill fluids to a downhole drill bit when the port is not aligned with the nozzle of the body and is configured to direct a portion of the drill fluids to the downhole drill bit when the port becomes at least partially aligned with the nozzle of the body such that another portion of the drill fluids bypasses the drill bit.
In yet another specific aspect, the downhole device further includes a lock ring setting a movement limit to the sleeve. The lock ring may also provide a point of support for the resilient member.
In one specific aspect, the body may include an internal tube housing the sleeve and at least one radial compartment housing at least one of an oil accumulator, a motor pump, a battery, the actuator, or the controller.
In another specific aspect, the actuator includes a three-way control valve.
In yet another specific aspect, the actuator may include an accumulator or a pressure compensator.
In one specific aspect, the controller may be configured to operate the actuator in response to an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer, in some embodiments, the internal drill string pressure variation satisfies a trigger condition.
In a second general aspect, a method for bypassing drilling fluids from a downhole drill bit is disclosed. The method includes: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids; determining whether a trigger condition has been satisfied; upon determining the trigger condition has been satisfied, actuating a sleeve to move relative to a body, sealingly housing the sleeve, and at least partially aligning a port in the sleeve to a nozzle of the body; and directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the port and the nozzle to bypass the drill bit.
In one specific aspect, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition may include measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids and comparing the measured value to a reference value.
In another specific aspect, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition may include receiving a control signal from a controller, in some embodiments, the control signal is provided in response to a rotation protocol. In other instances, the control signal may also be determined based on depth, user input, or other operation feedbacks.
In yet another specific aspect, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition may include comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference and in some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body includes actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In one specific aspect, comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string may include receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In another specific aspect, the method further includes biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied.
In yet another specific aspect, biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle may include offsetting the port from the nozzle using a spring.
In one specific aspect, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body may include sliding the sleeve inside the body, or rotating the sleeve inside the body, or both.
In an embodiment, a device for bypassing drill fluids around a drill bit comprises a sleeve sealingly slidable inside a body, the sleeve having a port alignable with a nozzle of the body and an activation port alignable with a selectable hole cutter of the body, a resilient member biasing the sleeve against the body, an actuator configured to provide a pressure to the sleeve and actuate the sleeve to move relative to the body, and a controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a change of a monitored operation condition.
In an embodiment, the resilient member comprises a spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure.
In an embodiment, the sleeve is configured to direct drill fluids to the drill bit when the port is not aligned with the nozzle of the body and is configured to direct a portion of the drill fluids to the drill bit when the port becomes at least partially aligned with the nozzle of the body such that another portion of the drill fluids bypasses the drill bit. In an embodiment, the sleeve is configured to direct drill fluids to the drill bit when the port is not aligned with the nozzle of the body and the activation port is not aligned with the selectable hole cutter of the body, and wherein the sleeve is configured to direct a portion of the drill fluids to the drill bit when the port becomes at least partially aligned with the nozzle of the body and the activation port is at least partially aligned with the selectable hole cutter such that another portion of the drill fluids bypasses the drill bit and activates the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the device further comprises a lock ring setting a movement limit to the sleeve.
In an embodiment, the body comprises an internal tube housing the sleeve and at least one radial compartment housing at least one of an oil accumulator, a motor pump, a battery, the actuator, or the controller.
In an embodiment, the actuator includes a three-way control valve. In an embodiment, the actuator includes an accumulator, a pressure compensator, or both.
In an embodiment, the controller is configured to operate the actuator in response to an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer, wherein the internal drill string pressure variation satisfies a trigger condition.
In an embodiment, the body comprises helical carved structures distributed radially on an external surface of the body. In an embodiment, the helical carved structures are oriented in an axial direction of the body and are configured to facilitate flow of the drill fluids bypassed the drill bit.
In an embodiment, a method for controlling drilling fluids in a drill string to bypass a drill bit comprises providing the drill bit a flow of drilling fluids in the drill string, wherein the flow of drilling fluids returns in an annulus, determining whether a trigger condition has been satisfied, upon determining the trigger condition has been satisfied, actuating a sleeve to move relative to a body sealingly housing the sleeve, and at least partially aligning a port in the sleeve to a nozzle of the body and an activation port in the sleeve to a selectable hole cutter of the body, and directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the port to the nozzle to bypass the drill bit and through the activation port to the selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the determining the trigger condition being satisfied comprises measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids and comparing the measured value to a reference value. In an embodiment, the determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition comprises receiving a control signal from a controller, wherein the control signal is provided in response to a rotation protocol. In an embodiment, the determining the trigger condition being satisfied comprises comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference and wherein actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body comprises actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In an embodiment, the comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string comprises receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle and the activation port from the selectable hole cutter upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied. In an embodiment, the biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle and the activating port from the selectable hole cutter comprises offsetting the port from the nozzle and the activation port from the selectable hole cutter using a spring.
In an embodiment, the actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body comprises sliding the sleeve inside the body or rotating the sleeve inside the body or both.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises regulating the portion of the flow of drilling fluids bypassed the drill bit using helical carved structures to facilitate fluid flow in the annulus.
In an embodiment, the directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the port and the nozzle to bypass the drill bit comprises actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body to align an opening in the sleeve to an outlet of the body, wherein actuating the sleeve includes providing a high pressure oil flow, using a motor driven pump, to move the sleeve. In an embodiment, the directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the activation port to the selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter comprises actuating the sleeve to move relative to a body to align an opening in the sleeve to an outlet of the body, wherein actuating the sleeve includes providing a high pressure oil flow, using a motor driven pump, to move the sleeve, and actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body to align the activation port to the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, a device for bypassing drill fluids around a drill bit comprises a sleeve sealingly slidable inside a body, the sleeve having a port alignable with a nozzle and an activation port alignable with a selectable hole cutter of the body, a resilient member biasing the sleeve against the body, wherein the resilient member comprises a spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure, an actuator configured to provide a pressure to the sleeve and actuate the sleeve to move relative to the body, and a controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a change of a monitored operation condition.
In an embodiment, the sleeve is configured to direct drill fluids to the drill bit when the port is not aligned with the nozzle of the body and is configured to direct a portion of the drill fluids to the drill bit when the port becomes at least partially aligned with the nozzle of the body such that another portion of the drill fluids bypasses the drill bit.
In an embodiment, the sleeve is configured to direct drill fluids to the drill bit when the port is not aligned with the nozzle of the body and the activation port is not aligned with the selectable hole cutter of the body, and wherein the sleeve is configured to direct a portion of the drill fluids to the drill bit when the port becomes at least partially aligned with the nozzle of the body and the activation port is at least partially aligned with the selectable hole cutter such that another portion of the drill fluids bypasses the drill bit and activates the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the device further comprises a lock ring setting a movement limit to the sleeve.
In an embodiment, the body comprises an internal tube housing the sleeve and at least one radial compartment housing at least one of an oil accumulator, a motor pump, a battery, the actuator, or the controller.
In an embodiment, the actuator includes a three-way control valve. In an embodiment, the actuator includes an accumulator, a pressure compensator, or both.
In an embodiment, the controller is configured to operate the actuator in response to an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer, wherein the internal drill string pressure variation satisfies a trigger condition.
In an embodiment, the body comprises helical carved structures distributed radially on an external surface of the body. In an embodiment, the helical carved structures are oriented in an axial direction of the body and are configured to facilitate flow of the drill fluids bypassed the drill bit.
In an embodiment, a method for controlling drilling fluids in a drill string to bypass a drill bit comprises providing the drill bit a flow of drilling fluids in the drill string, wherein the flow of drilling fluids returns in an annulus, wherein a resilient member comprises a spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure, determining whether a trigger condition has been satisfied, upon determining the trigger condition has been satisfied, actuating a sleeve to move relative to a body sealingly housing the sleeve, and at least partially aligning a port in the sleeve to a nozzle and an activation port with a selectable hole cutter of the body, and directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the port and the nozzle to bypass the drill bit and through the activation port to the selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the determining the trigger condition being satisfied comprises measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids and comparing the measured value to a reference value. In an embodiment, the determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition comprises receiving a control signal from a controller, wherein the control signal is provided in response to a rotation protocol. In an embodiment, the determining the trigger condition being satisfied comprises comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference and wherein actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body comprises actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus. In an embodiment, the comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string comprises receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle and the activation port from the selectable hole cutter upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied. In an embodiment, the biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle and the activation port from the selectable hole cutter comprises offsetting the port from the nozzle and the activation port from selectable hole cutter using a coil spring.
In an embodiment, the actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body comprises sliding the sleeve inside the body or rotating the sleeve inside the body or both.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises regulating the portion of the flow of drilling fluids bypassed the drill bit using helical carved structures to facilitate fluid flow in the annulus.
In an embodiment, the directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the port and the nozzle to bypass the drill bit comprises actuating the sleeve to move relative to a body to align an opening in the sleeve to an outlet of the body, wherein actuating the sleeve includes providing a high pressure oil flow, using a motor driven pump, to move the sleeve. In an embodiment, the directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the activation port to the selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter comprises actuating the sleeve to move relative to a body to align an opening in the sleeve to an outlet of the body, wherein actuating the sleeve includes providing a high pressure oil flow, using a motor driven pump, to move the sleeve, and actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body to align the activation port to the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, a method of making a device for bypassing fluids around a drill bit comprises providing a lower sleeve, an upper sleeve and a resilient member, assembling the lower sleeve, the upper sleeve and the resilient member to form a sleeve, assembling a body and the sleeve to form the device for bypassing drill fluids around the drill bit, wherein the sleeve is sealingly slidable inside the body and wherein the sleeve has a port alignable with a nozzle of the body and an activation port alignable with a selectable hole cutter of the body.
In an embodiment, the resilient member comprises a spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure.
In an embodiment, a device for a selectable hole trimmer is disclosed. The device comprises an intermediate sleeve sealingly affixed inside a body via a stop block, a sleeve sealingly slidable inside the intermediate sleeve to form a pressurized volume there between, an actuator fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port, wherein the actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an activation port and actuate a cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, and a controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a change of a monitored operation condition.
In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters. In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises a cutter blade, wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter comprises one or more cutter pistons, wherein the one or more cutter pistons comprise a cutter blade and wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the sliding sleeve is disposed between a return spring and a compensating spring. In an embodiment, the sliding sleeve is biased against a return spring at a first end and against a compensating spring at a second end.
In an embodiment, the body comprises at least one radial compartment housing at least one of a pump, a battery, the actuator, or the controller.
In an embodiment, the actuator includes a two-way control valve. In an embodiment, the actuator includes an oil accumulator, a pressure compensator, or both.
In an embodiment, the controller is configured to operate the actuator in response to an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer, wherein the internal drill string pressure variation satisfies a trigger condition.
In an embodiment, another device for selectable hole trimmer is disclosed. The device comprises an intermediate sleeve sealingly affixed inside a body via a stop block, a sleeve sealingly slidable inside the intermediate sleeve to form a pressurized volume, an actuator fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port, wherein the actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an activation port and actuate a cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, and a controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a change of a monitored operation condition.
In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters. In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises a cutter blade, wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter comprises one or more cutter pistons, wherein the one or more cutter pistons comprise a cutter blade and wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the body comprises at least one radial compartment housing at least one of a pump, a battery, the actuator, or the controller.
In an embodiment, the actuator includes a two-way control valve. In an embodiment, the actuator includes an oil accumulator, a pressure compensator, or both.
In an embodiment, the controller is configured to operate the actuator in response to an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer, wherein the internal drill string pressure variation satisfies a trigger condition.
In an embodiment, a method of using a downhole device as a selectable hole trimmer comprises: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids in the drill string, wherein the flow of drilling fluids returns in an annulus; determining whether a trigger condition has been satisfied; upon determining the trigger condition has been satisfied, opening a valve in a control system to pressurize a volume; at least partially pressurizing an activation port to a selectable hole cutter of a body; and directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the activation port to the selectable hole cutter to activate the cutter piston.
In an embodiment, determining the trigger condition being satisfied comprises measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids and comparing the measured value to a reference value. In an embodiment, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition comprises receiving a control signal from a controller, wherein the control signal is provided in response to a rotation protocol. In an embodiment, determining the trigger condition being satisfied comprises comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference. In an embodiment, comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string comprises receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises operating a pump in the control system to return the drilling fluids to the volume and to deactivate the cutter piston upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied; and closing the valve in the control system.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises, in an event of a power failure, a hydraulic fluid leak or a temperature spike, opening a fail-safe valve to vent drilling fluids out of the downhole device and to deactivate the cutter piston.
In an embodiment, a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimmer comprises a dual solenoid compensation sleeve sealingly affixed inside a body, an annular compensating ring slidingly sealable outside the dual solenoid compensation sleeve, a volume/waste ring slidingly sealable outside the dual solenoid compensation sleeve to form a pressurized volume, an actuator fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port, wherein the actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an activation port and actuate a cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, wherein the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters, and a controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a change of a monitored operation condition.
In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises a cutter blade, wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter comprises one or more cutter pistons, wherein the one or more cutter pistons comprise a cutter blade and wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the volume/waste ring is biased against a hydraulic fluid return spring at a second end.
In an embodiment, the body comprises at least one radial compartment housing at least one of a battery, the actuator, or the controller.
In an embodiment, the actuator includes a dual solenoid valve, wherein a first end of the dual solenoid is fluidly connected to the activation port and a second end of the dual solenoid valve is fluidly connected to a waste port into a waste volume.
In an embodiment, the controller is configured to operate the actuator in response to an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer, wherein the internal drill string pressure variation satisfies a trigger condition.
In an embodiment, the dual solenoid compensating sleeve is held in place with a snap ring at an upper end and a hydraulic fluid return spring at a lower end.
In an embodiment, the volume/waste ring comprises a one-way valve between a waste volume and the pressurized volume.
In an embodiment, a method of using a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimmer comprises: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids, lowering a selectable hole trimmer in a borehole to move a solenoid compensating sleeve and a volume/waste ring downward to compress hydraulic fluid in a pressurized volume, and directing the flow of hydraulic fluids from the pressurized volume through an activation port to a selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: stopping the flow of drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer to deactivate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: stopping the flow of drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer, and directing the flow of the hydraulic fluids through a waste port into a waste volume to move an annular compensating ring upward, wherein the annular compensating ring forces the flow of the drilling fluids out of the selectable hole cutter through a drilling fluid port.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: stopping the flow of the hydraulic fluids through the selectable hole trimmer to decompress a hydraulic return spring and to move a volume/waste ring upwards, wherein the volume/waste ring forces the flow of the hydraulic fluids in the waste volume through a one-way valve into the pressurized volume.
In an embodiment, a downhole device configured as a selective hole trimmer comprises: an intermediate sleeve affixed to a body via a stop lock, a slidable sleeve inside the intermediate sleeve to provide a pressurized volume, wherein the slidable sleeve comprises a seat, an actuator fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port, wherein the actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an actuation port in the transfer sleeve and actuate the selectable hole cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, wherein the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters, and a manual controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a dropped activation dart.
In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises a cutter blade, wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter comprises one or more cutter pistons, wherein the one or more cutter pistons comprise a cutter blade and wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, an upper port in the sliding sleeve is capable of being aligned with a lower port the intermediate sleeve to pressurize a top of a divider seal ring with drilling mud to provide the pressurized volume.
In an embodiment, the sliding sleeve is capable of moving downward and pressing on a top of a divider seal ring to provide the pressurized volume.
In an embodiment, the seat is made from a polymer or a rubber. In an embodiment, the seat is made from polyurethane.
In an embodiment, the activation dart comprises a port. In an embodiment, the activation dart is made of a metal, a polymer or a rubber. In an embodiment, the activation dart is made of a metal.
In an embodiment, the manual controller configured to operate the actuation in response to a dropped deactivation ball. In an embodiment, the deactivation ball is made from a metal, a polymer or a rubber. In an embodiment, the deactivation ball is made from a metal.
In an embodiment, the body comprises a check valve to bypass an upper seal when the divider seal ring is forced upwards.
In an embodiment, the downhole device further comprises a catcher basket affixed to the body to catch the activation dart and deactivation ball.
In an embodiment, the downhole device further comprises an automatic controller to provide the pressurized volume.
In an embodiment, a method of using a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimer comprises: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids, lowering the selectable hole trimmer in a borehole, and dropping an activation dart to seal a seat, compress a return spring and move the sliding sleeve downward to pressurize a top of a divider seal with the flow of the drilling fluids, wherein the divider seal ring moves downward and forces pressurized hydraulic fluids through an activation port to a selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: stopping the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer to deactivate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: dropping a deactivation ball to stop the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer and to deactivate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: dropping a deactivation ball, and forcing the drop dart and the deactivation ball through the seat to stop the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer and to deactivate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids, and dropping a second activation dart to seal a seat, compress a return spring and move the sliding sleeve downward to pressurize a top of a divider seal with the flow of the drilling fluids, wherein the divider seal ring moves downward and forces pressurized hydraulic fluids through an activation port to a selectable hole cutter to activate the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimmer comprises: an upper sleeve affixed inside a body via a stop, wherein the body comprises a drilling mud volume, a charge sleeve comprising a bypass port, wherein the charge sleeve is slidable inside the upper sleeve to provide a pressure to a pressurized volume, a catch sleeve comprising a return port, wherein the catch sleeve is slidable inside the charge sleeve to align the bypass port and the return port with the drilling mud volume, an actuator fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port, wherein the actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an actuation port in the transfer sleeve and actuate the selectable hole cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, wherein the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters, and a manual controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a dropped activation ball.
In an embodiment, the cutter piston comprises a cutter blade, wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter comprises one or more cutter pistons, wherein the one or more cutter pistons comprise a cutter blade and wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
In an embodiment, the downhole device further comprising: a charge subassembly, wherein the charge subassembly comprises the upper sleeve, the charge sleeve, and the catch sleeve, and a trimmer subassembly, wherein the transfer subassembly comprises a transfer sleeve and the selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the upper sleeve acts as an upper stop for the charge sleeve.
In an embodiment, the upper sleeve is held in place with a stop at a lower end and a snap ring at an upper end.
In an embodiment, an internal stop in the charge sleeve acts as a lower stop for the catch sleeve.
In an embodiment, the catch sleeve is capable of moving to a lower position to provide the pressure through the activation ports.
In an embodiment, the downhole device further comprises a detent ring disposed between the charge sleeve and the catch sleeve. In an embodiment, the detent ring is made of a metal, a polymer or a rubber. In an embodiment, the detent ring is made of a rubber. In an embodiment, the detent ring is made of a metal. In an embodiment, the detent ring holds the charge sleeve in a relative position to the catch sleeve.
In an embodiment, the activation ball is made of a metal, a polymer or a rubber. In an embodiment, the activation ball is made of a metal.
In an embodiment, a method of using a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimer comprises: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids, lowering a selectable hole trimmer in a borehole, dropping an activation ball to seal a seat in a catch sleeve, disengage a detent ring between the charge sleeve and a catch sleeve and allow the catch sleeve to move downward to a lower position within the charge sleeve, and directing the flow of the drilling fluids from the charge sleeve through a bypass port into a drilling fluid volume and from the drilling fluid volume through a return port back into an interior of the charge sleeve to move the charge sleeve downward, wherein the charge sleeve forces hydraulic fluid through an activation port to a selectable hole cutter to activate a selectable hole cutter.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: stopping the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer to deactivate the selectable hole cutter and to move the charge sleeve and the catch sleeve upward.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises: stopping the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer, raising the selectable hole trimer in the borehole, and draining drilling fluids from above the actuation ball in the charge sleeve through a port into the drilling mud volume and from the drilling mud volume through the return port back into the interior of the charge sleeve and out of the selectable hole trimmer.
These and other objects, features and advantages will become apparent as reference is made to the following detailed description, preferred embodiments, and examples, given for the purpose of disclosure, and taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and appended claims.
For a further understanding of the nature and objects of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed disclosure, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like parts are given like reference numerals, and wherein:
Like numerals refer to like elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONThe following detailed description of various embodiments of the present invention references the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. While the illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described with particularity, it will be understood that various other modifications will be apparent to and can be readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the scope of the claims appended hereto be limited to the examples and descriptions set forth herein but rather that the claims be construed as encompassing all the features of patentable novelty which reside in the present invention, including all features which would be treated as equivalents thereof by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
In general, the disclosed downhole device may run on a drill string during a drilling operation for an oil and gas well. The downhole device may operate to bypass some of the drilling fluid (mud) on command to reduce the flow through the drill bit, to clean/cool the cutters and to prevent cutter piston lock-out. The downhole device may respond to a downlink, or communication from the driller on surface, such as signal generated in response to a protocol of rpm changes to a drilling string. In some embodiments, the downhole device may be deployed in the hole in an asleep mode that awaits actuation signals. Once in position, an operator may produce rotation, pressure, weight, or other predetermined protocol to wake up the tool. Once awakened, the downhole device may respond to rotation rates above a predetermined value for initiating the bypass operation and respond to rotation rates not above the predetermined value for stopping the bypass operation. Other controls based on different measurable values may be used.
The downhole device response to the signal may include the opening or closing of one or more valves and changing of the flow path of hydraulic oil in a mechanism. Alternatively, this action may begin operation of a pump/motor and pump oil to shift a sleeve. This action changes the flow path of drilling mud through the downhole device to accomplish a function, such as sliding a sleeve or opening or closing a flow path for the drilling mud.
Further rpm protocol, or other downlink, pressure, or bit weight protocol may shift the flow path and open and close valves. Other tools incorporating this triggering method may move an internal sleeve to expose drilling reamer elements to expand and increase the inner diameter of the borehole. Another tool may use the resultant sliding sleeve action to force a reaming cutter block up a ramp to increase the inner diameter of the hole. Finally, another modification may be to fully close the tool bore and force all of the mudflow to exit the downhole device allowing none to go to the drilling bit.
The disclosed downhole device may begin operation in response to a protocol of rpm changes or changes in bit weight or pressure or flow rate or other. These signals would be recognized by the disclosed downhole device to make the change of flow path or other activity in the downhole device. The disclosed downhole device may open a flow path from the internal tool flow path of drilling mud to the annulus of the downhole device. Some percentage of the mud flowing through the drill string may then bypass to the annulus. In other embodiments, the disclosed downhole device may also open flow path of the drilling mud to borehole reaming pistons or sliding cutter blocks, which may enlarge the borehole.
Drilling Environment Implementing the Downhole DeviceIn some embodiments, the downhole device 210 would use information, measurements, and other received signals (electric or mechanical, such as pressure signals) to actuate the actuator 340. See e.g.,
Turning to
In the illustrated embodiment, a lock ring 330 may further be used to define the neutral position, for example, to allow the spring 320 to statically push the sleeve 310 against the lock ring 330. See e.g.,
During operation, when the downhole device 210 is to shift flow paths to bypass the drill bit 132, a signal may be sent via rpm, for example, to the downhole device 210. The signal may be measured and/or processed in a microprocessor in the downhole device 210. The processor may then send a signal to the three-way valve and actuator 340 to change the pressure in the volume inlet 336. See e.g.,
In some embodiments, the actuator 340 may connect the volume inlet 336 to the annulus outlet 332 and equalize the pressures in the sliding sleeve volume 322 to the annulus 122. See e.g.,
The spring 320 may have a desired elasticity such that the pressure difference between the drill string pressure and the annulus pressure may fully align the bypass port 314 to the bypass outlet 312. See e.g.,
In some embodiments, the spring 320 may be a coil spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure, i.e., a pressure balancing the force applied by the spring 320 to the sleeve 310. See e.g.,
In some embodiments, the actuator 340 may be controlled in response to other signals besides rpm signals, such as an internal drill string pressure variation measured in a pressure transducer. See e.g.,
The downhole device 210 may have a neutral position where the sleeve 410 is biased toward the bypass outlet 412 and the bypass port 414 is offset from the bypass outlet 412. See e.g.,
During operation, a microprocessor (e.g., included in the electronics 620 of
In some embodiments, the microprocessor sends control signals based on preprogrammed rpm protocols. When the operator decides to put the downhole device 210 to sleep and stop the bypass flow from the bore to the annulus, then a different, pre-programmed rpm protocol would be performed. Such intent may be transmitted through the drill string 120 and recognized by an accelerometer connected to the microprocessor. The resulting signal may shut off the pump and allow the spring 420 to return the sleeve 410 to the original position to seal the bypass outlet 412. See e.g.,
In some embodiments, the actuation of the sleeve 410 by the motor pump 440 may include linear sliding motion, spiral sliding motion, rotational motion, or a combination thereof. See e.g.,
In
During operation, the pressure in the bore of the downhole device 210 is higher than the pressure in the annulus 122, often by about 1000-2000 psi. The bore pressure is communicated from the drill string inlet 534 through the bore pressure oil accumulator 535 to the three-way valve 540. See e.g.,
The output port of the three-way valve 540 is shown as the sleeve volume inlet 538 and communicates, via the volume inlet 538, to the volume 522 between the sliding sleeve 510 and the downhole device 210's inner diameter, sealed by seals that allows for relative movement between the sleeve 510 and the body 120. See e.g.,
Inside that volume 522 is also a spring 520 which forces the sleeve 510 to the left (toward top of the downhole device 210) when there is no pressure differential between the bore and the volume 522, similar to the first embodiment shown in
Whenever an rpm protocol or other prescribed signal (pressure, bit weight, etc.) is sensed by one or more accelerometers and communicated to the microprocessor (both located in another pocket in the downhole device 210 (not shown) then the valve (V) is signaled to shift to the non-closed position. The three-way valve 540 communicates the pressure of the annulus 122 via the annulus pressure oil accumulator inlet 544 to the volume inlet 538 and thus to the volume 522. See e.g.,
When drilling mud bypass is no longer desired, then an rpm signal (or other types of signals) may be given, such as stopping the rotation entirely. The accelerometer measures such signals and the microprocessor processes the measured signals to determine a corresponding control output. The three-way valve 540 may then be controlled to shift back to the original closed position. This is achieved by communicating the bore pressure from the drill string inlet 534 to the volume 522 (which are identical pressures) and allowing the spring 520 to move the sleeve 510 to offset the bypass port 514 from the bypass outlet 512, sealing off the bypass flow. See e.g.,
As shown, the downhole device 210 includes three radial housings, possibly equally spaced 120 degrees apart. In some embodiments, one or more, such as two, or four, or another different number of radial housings may be used instead of three. The radial housing 350, 450, or 550 may each include one or more, or all the component(s) of the bypass actuation system without preference or limitations. For example, the radial housing 350, 450, or 550 may include at least one of an oil accumulator, a motor pump, a battery 610, the actuator, the three-way valve, or motor pump 340, 440, or 540, or the controller/electronics 620, 700 as discussed above.
In some embodiments, the battery 610, the electronics 620, and the actuators 340, 440, and 540 may respectively be connected by a wire 612 and a control line 622. For example, the control line 622 may be embedded in a bored hole or holes in the body 120 around the sleeve 310, 410, or 510 to reach the corresponding radial housing 350, 450, or 550. In some embodiments, the power line 612 may connect directly with the actuator or motor pump 340, 440, or 540. In other embodiments, the power line 612 may connect directly with the electronics 620, 700. In other embodiments, the power line 612 may connect indirectly with the actuator or motor pump 340, 440, or 540 via the electronics 620, 700. Other arrangements are possible. In some implementations, wireless communication for receiving sensing signals and sending control signals may be employed between the electronics 620 and the actuator or pump 340, 440, or 540. Although the battery 610, the electronics 620, and the actuator or pump 340, 440, or 540 are shown to be separately placed in individual radial housings 350, 450, or 550, they may be reconfigured to share one or more radial housings as desired.
Upon receiving power or actuation from the actuator 710, the motor pump 440 may communicate pressurized oil from the oil reservoir or accumulator 712 to actuate the sleeve 410 to overcome the bias force by the spring 420 and to align bypass port 414 with bypass outlet 412. The mud 705 in borehole is communicated to the oil accumulator 442 that provides the pressurized oil to the oil accumulator 712. Different configurations are possible in view of the bypass method discussed below.
Embodiments of this disclosure may be described in the general context of computer code or machine-executable instructions stored as program modules or objects and executable by one or more computing devices, such as a laptop, server, mobile device, tablet, etc. Generally, program modules including routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., refer to code that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced in a variety of system configurations, including handheld devices, consumer electronics, general-purpose computers, more specialty computing devices, and the like. Embodiments of this disclosure may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks may be performed by remote-processing devices that may be linked through a communications network.
With continued reference to
Although the various blocks of
The controller 700 of the downhole device 210 typically includes a variety of computer-readable media. Computer-readable media can be any available media that may be accessed by the controller 700 and include both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable media may comprise computer-storage media and communication media.
The computer-storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer-storage media includes, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other holographic memory, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to encode desired information and which can be accessed by the controller 700.
The memory 713 includes computer-storage media in the form of volatile and/or nonvolatile memory. The memory 713 may be removable, non-removable, or a combination thereof. Suitable hardware devices include solid-state memory, hard drives, optical-disc drives, etc. The controller 700 of the downhole device 210 includes one or more processors 714 that read data from various entities such as the memory 713 or the I/O components 720.
The presentation component(s) 716 present data indications to a user or other device. In an embodiment, the controller 700 outputs present data indications including separation rate, temperature, pressure and/or the like to a presentation component 716. Suitable presentation components 716 include a display device, speaker, printing component, vibrating component, and the like.
The user interface 722 allows the user to input/output information to/from the controller 700. Suitable user interfaces 722 include keyboards, key pads, touch pads, graphical touch screens, and the like. For example, the user may input a type of signal profile into the controller 700 or output a separation rate to the presentation component 716 such as a display. In some embodiments, the user interface 722 may be combined with the presentation component 716, such as a display and a graphical touch screen. In some embodiments, the user interface 722 may be a portable hand-held device. The use of such devices is well known in the art.
The one or more I/O ports 718 allow the controller 700 to be logically coupled to other devices including the accelerometers, pressure sensors, rpm sensors, and other I/O components 720, some of which may be built in. Examples of other I/O components 720 include a control terminal above the ground, the actuators 340, 440, and 540, wireless device, other sensors, and actuators in the drill string 120, and the like. During operation, for example, the I/O ports 718 enables the controller 700, via the control line 622, for example, to operate on the three-way valves 340 and 540 to alter the connection between different ports.
Any suitable controller may be used with this invention. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 9,879,518 discloses an intelligent reamer for drilling using rotation sensor, fluid operation sensor, and a control scheme based on the measured rotational rate of the drill string (e.g., an rpm protocol). The U.S. Pat. No. 9,879,518 disclosure regarding the data acquisition, sensing, signal transmission, signal processing, control, and other technical aspects in the that patent are hereby cited as background and incorporated by reference to the extent that they is not inconsistent with this invention.
In some embodiments, the carved structures 810 and 820 may cause turbulence to bring the cuttings off the wall and allow the upward flow from the bit to carry them upward in the well. In some embodiments, the carved structure 810 may intersect with the bypass outlet 312, 412, or 512 to provide the helical motion of the circulated drill fluids in the annulus 122 from the outset. Although
In some embodiments, the carved structures 1010 and 1020 may cause turbulence to bring the cuttings off the wall and allow the upward flow from the bit to carry them upward in the well. In some embodiments, the carved structure 1010 may intersect with the bypass outlet 312, 412, or 512 to provide the helical motion of the circulated drill fluids in the annulus 122 from the outset. Although
In another embodiment, one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be positioned at a desired locations between the drill bit 132 and the ground 102. See e.g.,
The one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be any suitable number without limitation. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be up to about 50 (and any range or value there between). In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2200 may be up to about 20. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be about 10. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be about 3.
The one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be separated by any suitable distance without limitation. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be separated by up to about 100-feet (and any range or value there between). In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be separated by up to about 30-feet. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be separated by up to about 3-feet. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be separated by up to about 1-foot. In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole trimmers 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be separated by about 0-foot.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the selectable hole trimmer 1400 would use information, measurements, and other received signals (electric or mechanical, such as pressure signals) to actuate the actuator 340. See also
Turning to
In the illustrated embodiment, a lock ring 330 may further be used to define the neutral position, for example, to allow the spring 320 to statically push the sleeve 310 against the lock ring 330. See also
Similar to the previous embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400 comprises a body 1405 as part of the drill string 120, a sleeve 410 sealingly slidable inside the body 120, 1405. See also
The selectable hole trimmer 1400 may have a neutral position where the sleeve 410 is biased toward the bypass outlet 412 and the bypass port 414 is offset from the bypass outlet 412. The sleeve 410 is pushed by the spring 420 secured at a lock ring 430 toward the bypass outlet, forming a volume 422 with the body 120, 1405. The volume 422 is connected to the motor pump 440 via a motor pump fluid line 436. In this embodiment, the pressure of the drilling fluids in the selectable hole trimmer 1400 bore (or the drill string 120) may communicate with an accumulator/pressure compensation vessel 442 (the “accumulator” 442). The accumulator 442 may actuate the adjacent piston to pressurize the internal oil in its oil chamber to the same pressure as that of the downhole device 210 (i.e., pressure inside the drill string 120). The accumulator 442 and the motor pump 440 may both be housed in a radial housing 450 of the body 120, 1405.
In an embodiment, one or more cutter pistons 1402 may be affixed to the container 1408 or cutout of a downhole device 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 via one or more fasteners. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402.
In an embodiment, one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises a cutter blade 1406a and one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutter pistons 1402 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 and one or more nozzles 1404. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 and one or more nozzles 1404 disposed between the one or more selective hole cutters 1401.
The cutter piston 1402 may be any suitable shape. For example, suitable shapes, include, but are not limited to, shapes having a round (e.g., cylindrical) or elliptical base. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 may be a cylindrical shape having a first end 1402 and a second end 1402b. The first end 1402a may have a shoulder. The second end 1402b may have the one or more cutters 1406.
The cutter piston 1402 may be any suitable size, as space allows. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 may be up to about 4-inches in diameter, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 may be from about 1-inches to about 4-inches in diameter. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 may be from about 1.5-inches to about 2-inches in diameter.
The shoulder of the cutter piston 1402 may be any suitable size to retain a compressed spring, as space allows.
The nozzle 1404 may be any suitable nozzle. For example, a suitable nozzle 1404 includes, but is not limited to, a carbide nozzle.
The nozzle 1404 may be any suitable size. In an embodiment, the nozzle 1404 may be up to about 1-inch diameter, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the nozzle 1404 may be up to about ½-inch diameter. In an embodiment, the nozzle 1404 may be ¼-inch diameter.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402 having a first end 1402a and a second end 1402b. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the second end 1402b of the cutter piston 1402, wherein the first end 1402a of the cutter piston 1402 is disposed within a container 1408 or a cutout of a downhole device 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402 having a first end 1402a and a second end 1402b and one or more cutters 1406 affixed at or near the second end 1402b of the cutter piston 1402, wherein the first end 1402a of the cutter piston 1402 is disposed within a container 1408 or a cutout of a downhole device 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, one or more cutters 1406 may be affixed to the second end 1402a of the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, one or more cutters 1406 may be affixed at or near the second end 1402a of the cutter piston 1402.
The cutters 1406 may be any suitable cutter capable of and oriented to contact, and cut or gouge a side surface of a drilled hole 130. For example, suitable cutters 1406, include, but are not limited to, polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters, welded pads with tungsten carbide chunks, welded pads with tungsten carbide discs, and combinations thereof.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402 having a first end 1402a and a second end 1402b, one or more cutters 1406 and one or more non-aggressive elements affixed at or near the second end 1402b of the cutter piston 1402, wherein the first end 1402a of the cutter piston 1402 is disposed within a container 1408 or a cutout of a downhole device 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, one or more cutters 1406 and one or more non-aggressive elements may be affixed to the second end 1402a of the cutter piston 1402. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, one or more cutters 1406 and one or more non-aggressive elements may be affixed to the second end 1402a of one or more cutter pistons 1402. See e.g.,
The cutters 1406 may be any suitable cutter capable of and oriented to contact, and cut or gouge a side surface of a drilled hole 130. For example, suitable cutters 1406, include, but are not limited to, polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters, welded pads with tungsten carbide chunks, welded pads with tungsten carbide discs, and combinations thereof.
The non-aggressive elements may be any suitable elements capable of and oriented to contact, but not cut or gouge a side surface of the drilled hole 130. For example, suitable non-aggressive elements include, but are not limited to, PDC or carbide ovoids, welded and ground hardfacing, ground smooth carbide pads, welded smooth carbide pads, PDC cutters oriented parallel to the side surface of the drilled hole 130 to contact but not cut or gouge the surface, and combinations thereof.
The container 1408 or cutout of the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may be any suitable shape. For example, suitable shapes include, but are not limited to, shapes having a round (e.g., cylindrical) or elliptical base. In an embodiment, the container 1408 may be a cylindrical shape having a first end 1408a and a second end 1408b. The first end 1408a may be open. The second end 1408b may have an opening.
In an embodiment, a spring 1410 and a spacer 1412 are disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout.
In an embodiment, the spring 1410 may be any suitable spring capable of being disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout.
In an embodiment, the spacer 1412 may be any suitable shape capable of being disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout. For example, suitable shapes include, but are not limited to, shapes having a round (e.g., cylindrical) or elliptical base. In an embodiment, the spacer 1412 may be cylindrical shape having a first end 11412a and a second end 1412b. The first end 1412a may be open. The second end 1412b may be open.
In an embodiment, the spring 1410 is compressed against the shoulder of the cutter piston 1402 and held in a compressed position by a lock ring and a snap ring 1414.
In an embodiment, the lock ring and the snap ring 1414 may be any suitable lock ring and snap ring capable of holding the spring 1410 in a compressed position against a shoulder of the cutter piston 1402.
When one or more cutter pistons 1402 are deactivated, one or more springs 1410 retracts the one or more cutter pistons 1402 into one or more containers 1408 or cutouts. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are activated, one or more spacers 1412 limit extension/travel of the one or more cutter pistons 1402 (and the one or more cutters 1406) out of the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are activated, the one or more cutters 1406 may extend out of the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts, and contact, and cut or gouge a side surface of a drilled hole 130. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are activated, the one or more cutters 1406 and the one or more non-aggressive elements (not shown) may extend out of the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts, and contact, but not cut or gouge a side surface of the drilled hole 130. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are fully activated, the one or more cutters 1406 may extend or travel any suitable distance 1420 out of the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are fully activated, the one or more cutters 1406 and one or more non-aggressive elements may extend or travel any suitable distance 1420 out of the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are deactivated, one or more springs 1410 retract the one or more cutter pistons 1402 (and one or more cutters 1406) into the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts away from the side surface of the drilled hole 130. See e.g.,
When the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are deactivated, the one or more springs 1410 retract the one or more cutter pistons 1402 (and one or more cutters 1406 and the one or more non-aggressive elements (not shown)) into the one or more containers 1408 or cutouts away from the side surface of the drilled hole 130. See e.g.,
In these embodiments, the selectable hole trimmer 1400 comprises a selectable hole cutter 1401 and a nozzle 1404. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have any suitable number of selectable hole cutters 1401, as space allows. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 30 selectable hole cutters 1401, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 20 selectable hole cutters 1401. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 10 selectable hole cutters 1401. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 3 selectable hole cutters 1401.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have any suitable number of nozzles 1404, as space allows. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 30 nozzles 1404, and an range or value there between. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 20 nozzles 1404. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 10 nozzles 1404. In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 may have up to about 3 nozzles 1404.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 comprises a first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a. In an embodiment, the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a may be separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a around a circumference of the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100, as space allows. In an embodiment, the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a may be separated by an approximately equal radial distance 1416a around a circumference of the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100, as space allows. For example, if the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a is 3 selectable hole cutters 1401, the 3 selectable hole cutters 1401 may be separated by about 120 degrees around the circumference of the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 comprises a second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b separated by a longitudinal distance 1718a, 1618a along an axial length of the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 comprises a first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1704a, 1804a separated by any suitable radial distance 1416b. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100 comprises a second plurality of nozzles 1404b separated by a longitudinal distance 1718b, 1618b along an axial length of the selectable hole trimmer 1400, 1500, 1600, 1900, 2100. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have any suitable number of selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701 in a linear configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 30 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701 in a linear configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 20 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701 in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 10 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701 in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 3 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701 in a linear configuration. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have any suitable number of nozzles 1404, 1704 in a linear configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 30 nozzles 1404, 1704 in a linear configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 20 nozzles 1404, 1704 in a linear configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 10 nozzles 1404, 1704 in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 may have up to about 3 nozzles 1404, 1704 in a linear configuration. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 comprises a first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1701a separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a, 1716a. In an embodiment, the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1701a may be separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the linear optimizer tool 1700, as space allows. In an embodiment, the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1701a may be separated by an approximately equal radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the linear optimizer tool 1700. For example, if the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1701a is 3 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701, the 3 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1701 may be separated by about 120 degrees around the circumference of the linear optimizer tool 1700.
In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 comprises a second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1701b separated by a longitudinal distance 1718a along an axial length of the linear optimizer tool 1700 in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1701b may be separated by any suitable longitudinal distance 1718a along an axial length of the linear optimizer tool 1700 in a linear configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1701b may be separated by up to about 30-inches in a linear configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1701b may be separated by up to about 20-inches in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1701b may be separated from about 10-inches in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1701b may be separated by about 6-inches in a linear configuration.
In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 comprises a first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1704a separated by any suitable radial distance 1416b, 1716b. In an embodiment, the first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1704a may be separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the linear optimizer tool 1700, as space allows. In an embodiment, the first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1704a may be separated by an approximately equal radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the linear optimizer tool 1700. For example, if the first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1704a is three nozzles 1404, 1704, the three nozzles 1404, 1704 may be separated by about 120 degrees around the circumference of the linear optimizer tool 1700.
In an embodiment, the linear optimizer tool 1700 comprises a second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1704b separated by a longitudinal distance 1718b along an axial length of the linear optimizer tool 1700 in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1704b may be separated by any suitable longitudinal distance 1718b along an axial length of the linear optimizer tool 1700 in a linear configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1704b may be separated by up to about 30-inches in a linear configuration, and range or value there between. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1704b may be separated by up to about 20-inches in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1704b may be separated by up to about 10-inches in a linear configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1704b may be separated by up to about 6-inches in a linear configuration.
In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have any suitable number of selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801 in a spiral configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 30 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801 in a spiral configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 20 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801 in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 10 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801 in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 3 selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801 in a spiral configuration. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have any suitable number of nozzles 1404, 1804 in a spiral configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 30 nozzles 1404, 1804 in a spiral configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 20 nozzles 1404, 1804 in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 10 nozzles 1404, 1804 in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 may have up to about 3 nozzles 1404, 1804 in a spiral configuration. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 comprises a first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1801a separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a, 1716a. In an embodiment, the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1801a may be separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the spiral optimizer tool 1800, as space allows. In an embodiment, the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1801a may be separated by an approximately equal radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the spiral optimizer tool 1800. For example, if the first plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401a, 1801a is three selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801, the three selectable hole cutters 1401, 1801 may be separated by about 120 degrees around the circumference of the spiral optimizer tool 1800.
In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 comprises a second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1801b separated by a longitudinal distance 1818a along an axial length of the spiral optimizer tool 1800 in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1801b may be separated by any suitable longitudinal distance 1818a along an axial length of the spiral optimizer tool 1800 in a spiral configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1801b may be separated by up to about 30-inches in a spiral configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1801b may be separated by up to about 20-inches in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1801b may be separated by up to about 10-inches in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of selectable hole cutters 1401b, 1801b may be separated by up to about 6-inches in a spiral configuration.
In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 comprises a first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1804a separated by any suitable radial distance 1416b, 1716b. In an embodiment, the first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1804a may be separated by any suitable radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the spiral optimizer tool 1800, as space allows. In an embodiment, the first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1804a may be separated by an approximately equal radial distance 1416a, 1716a around a circumference of the spiral optimizer tool 1800. For example, if the first plurality of nozzles 1404a, 1804a is three nozzles 1404, 1804, the three nozzles 1404, 1804 may be separated by about 120 degrees around the circumference of the spiral optimizer tool 1800.
In an embodiment, the spiral optimizer tool 1800 comprises a second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1804b separated by a longitudinal distance 1818b along an axial length of the spiral optimizer tool 1800 in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1804b may be separated by any suitable longitudinal distance 1818b along an axial length of the spiral optimizer tool 1800 in a spiral configuration, as space allows. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1804b may be separated by up to about 30-inches in a spiral configuration, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1804b may be separated by up to about 20-inches in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1804b may be separated by up to about 10-inches in a spiral configuration. In an embodiment, the second plurality of nozzles 1404b, 1804b may be separated by up to about 6-inches in a spiral configuration.
Method of Assembling Downhole DeviceIn some embodiments, the resilient member comprises a spring 320, 420 and 520.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the lower sleeve 1154 and the upper sleeve 1156 are attached via a connection. See e.g.,
As shown in
In some embodiments, the upper sleeve 1156 comprises a stop block 1158. In some embodiments, the upper sleeve 1156 comprises a stop block 1158 for the spring 320, 420 and 520.
As shown in
In an embodiment, the downhole device 210 further comprises a bypass outlet 312, 412 and 512 and a radial housing 350, 450 and 550.
As shown in
As shown in
As discussed above,
As also discussed above,
As shown in
In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402.
In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises a cutter blade 1406a and one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutter pistons 1402 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a.
When the downhole device 1900, 2100 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 1900, 2100, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
The body 1905, 2105 of the selectable hole trimmer 1900, 2100 is attached to the intermediate sleeve 1910a, 2110a via the stop block 1158.
As the downhole device 1900 is lowered in the borehole, the hydrostatic pressure pushes a sliding sleeve/pressure compensating piston 1910b down (to the right in
Similarly, as the downhole device 2100 is lowered in the borehole, the hydrostatic pressure pushes a compensating sleeve 2110c down (to the right in
Until the downhole device 1900, 2100 is signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 1900, 2100 is sliding or tripping into or out of the borehole, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in a deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the drill string 120 is rotating, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in an activated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in the activated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the activated position.
As shown in
As discussed above, the downhole device 1900, 2100 may activated automatically by rpm, by pressure or by other means by the controller/electronics 620, 700 in pockets 1930.
In an embodiment, a two-way valve 2250 is part of the controller/electronics 620, 700 located in the pockets 1930. When the downhole device 1900, 2100 receives a signal by rpm or by other means to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401, then a pre-pressurized hydraulic fluid passes from the compensating sleeve 2110c through a compensating port 1915, 2115 to open the two-way valve 2250, 2150a. The open two-way valve 2250, 2250a allows the pressured hydraulic fluid to pass through one or more hydraulic fluid ports 1914, 2114 to pressurize a volume 1922, 2122 (i.e., hydraulic fluid chamber) and to activate one or more selectable hole cutters 1401.
In an embodiment, the one or more of the hydraulic fluid ports 1914, 2114 may be located at each end of the downhole tool 1900, 2100 radially inward of the one or more cutter pistons 1402.
This pressurized hydraulic fluid activates the one or more cutter pistons 1402 of the selectable hole cutters 1401, which extends the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the one or more cutters 1406 outward radially to engage and cut a side surface of the drilled hole 130.
Until the downhole device 1900, 2100 is signaled to deactivate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the activated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the activated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the activated position. The signal to deactivate may be by stopping rpm or by manual means from an operator.
When the downhole device 1900, 2100 receives the signal to deactivate, a pump 340, 440, 2240 in the pocket 1930 begins operating. The pump 340, 440, 2240 along with one or more springs 1410 forces the pressured hydraulic fluid away from the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the two-way valve 2250b is closed.
As such, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are deactivated, returning the one or more cutter pistons 1402 back to the deactivated position via a spring 1410 and returning the pressurized hydraulic fluid back to the compensating sleeve 2110c into the pressurized volume 2122 (i.e., pressurized hydraulic fluid chamber).
The downhole device 1900, 2100 is ready to operate and to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 again on demand or automatically when rotation resumes.
As shown in
In an embodiment, the downhole device 1900, 2100 may be activated by opening a first two-way valve 2250a and deactivated by closing a second two-way valve 2250b.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, a spring 1410 and a spacer 1412 are disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout.
In an embodiment, the hydraulic fluid system 2200 may further comprise a fail-safe solenoid valve 2260. In an embodiment, the fail-safe solenoid valve 2260 may be in a normally open position.
In an event of a power failure, a hydraulic fluid leak, a temperate spike or other adverse situation, the fail-safe solenoid valve 2260 automatically switches to the normally open position to vent pressurized hydraulic fluid out of the downhole device 1900, 2100 to deactivate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401. In other words, the one or more springs 1410 return the one or more cutter pistons 1402 to a deactivated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position. The downhole device 1900, 2100 may be retrieved from the borehole without any interference from the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401.
Method for Bypassing Drilling Fluids Using the Downhole DeviceIn some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 904 may include measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids or weight and comparing the measured value to a reference value.
In some other embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 904 may include receiving a control signal from a controller. For example, the control signal may be provided in response to a rotation protocol. In other instances, the control signal may also be determined based on depth, user input, or other operation feedbacks.
In some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 904 may include comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference and in some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body includes actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In some other embodiments, comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string may include receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body 906 comprises actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body 906 may include sliding the sleeve inside the body, or rotating the sleeve inside the body, or both.
In some embodiments, the method further includes biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied.
In some other embodiments, biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle may include offsetting the port from the nozzle using a spring.
Method for Bypassing Drilling Fluids Using Alternative Downhole DeviceIn some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 1204 may include measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids or weight and comparing the measured value to a reference value.
In some other embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 1204 may include receiving a control signal from a controller. For example, the control signal may be provided in response to a rotation protocol. In other instances, the control signal may also be determined based on depth, user input, or other operation feedbacks.
In some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 1204 may include comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference and in some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body includes actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In some other embodiments, comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string may include receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body 1206 comprises actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body 1206 may include sliding the sleeve inside the body, or rotating the sleeve inside the body, or both.
In some embodiments, the method further includes biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied.
In some other embodiments, biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle may include offsetting the port from the nozzle using a coil spring.
Method of Using Downhole Device Configured as Selectable Hole TrimmerIn an embodiment, the flow of drilling fluids returns in an annulus. In an embodiment, a resilient member comprises a spring providing a biasing force corresponding to a threshold trigger pressure.
In some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 2004 may include measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids or weight and comparing the measured value to a reference value.
In some other embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 2004 may include receiving a control signal from a controller. For example, the control signal may be provided in response to a rotation protocol. In other instances, the control signal may also be determined based on depth, user input, or other operation feedbacks.
In some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 2004 may include comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference and in some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body includes actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In some other embodiments, comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string may include receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body 2006 comprises actuating a three-way valve in response to the pressure difference between the drilling fluids inside the drill string and the drilling fluids in the annulus.
In some embodiments, actuating the sleeve to move relative to the body 2006 may include sliding the sleeve inside the body, or rotating the sleeve inside the body, or both.
In some embodiments, the method further includes biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle and the activation port from the selectable hole cutter upon determining the trigger condition has not been satisfied.
In some other embodiments, biasing the sleeve against the body to close the port from the nozzle and the activation port from selectable hole cutter may include offsetting the port from the nozzle and the activation port from the selectable hole cutter using a coil spring.
In some other embodiments, the method further comprises increasing a diameter of a borehole using the activated selectable hole cutter.
Method of Using Alternative Downhole Device Configured as Selectable Hole TrimmerIn an embodiment, a method of using a downhole device as a selectable hole trimmer 2300 may include: providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids 2302; determining whether a trigger condition has been satisfied 2304; upon determining the trigger condition has been satisfied, opening a valve in a control system to pressurize a volume 2306; at least partially pressurizing an activation port to a selectable hole cutter of the body 2308; and directing a portion of the flow of drilling fluids through the activation port to the selectable hole cutter to activate the cutter piston 2310.
As shown in
As shown in
In an embodiment, the flow of drilling fluids returns in an annulus.
In some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 2004 may include measuring a value related to a rotation speed of the downhole drill bit or a pressure of the drilling fluids or weight and comparing the measured value to a reference value.
In some other embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 2304 may include receiving a control signal from a controller. For example, the control signal may be provided in response to a rotation protocol. In other instances, the control signal may also be determined based on depth, user input, or other operation feedbacks.
In some embodiments, determining the satisfaction of the trigger condition 2304 may include comparing a pressure of the drilling fluids inside the drill string and a pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string to ascertain a pressure difference.
In some other embodiments, comparing the pressure of the drill fluids inside the drill string and the pressure of the drilling fluids in the annulus outside the drill string may include receiving the drilling fluids inside the drill string in an accumulator or pressure compensator and receiving the drilling fluids in the annulus in another accumulator or pressure compensator.
In some other embodiments, the method further comprises increasing a diameter of a borehole using the activated cutter piston.
Second Alternative Downhole Device Configured as Selectable Hole TrimmerIn an embodiment, the selectable hole trimmer further comprises a drilling mud port 2414b, a one-way valve 2419 and a hydraulic fluid return spring 2420c.
In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402.
In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises a cutter blade 1406a and one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutter pistons 1402 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a.
When the downhole device 2400 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 2400, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
The body 2405 of the selectable hole trimmer 2400 may be attached to the dual solenoid compensating sleeve 2410d via a connection. In an embodiment, the body 2405 of the selectable hole trimmer 2400 may be attached to the dual solenoid compensating sleeve 2410d via a threaded connection (e.g., threaded nut). In some embodiments, the dual solenoid compensating sleeve 2410d is held in place with a hydraulic fluid return spring 2420c at a lower end and a snap ring (not shown) at an upper end.
As the downhole device 2400 is lowered in the borehole, the hydrostatic pressure in a drilling mud volume 2422a pushes an annular compensating ring 2410e downward (to the right in
Similarly, the hydrostatic pressure in the pressurized waste volume 2422b pushes a volume/waste ring 2410f downward (to the right in
Until the downhole device 2400 is signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 2400 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 2400, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
As the downhole device 2400 is lowered in the borehole, the hydrostatic pressure of the drilling mud between inside the downhole device 2400 and outside annulus 122 by way of typical pressure drops through drill string components below the selectable hole trimmer 2400. In an embodiment, a pressure differential (between the inside pressure and the outside annulus pressure) may be greater than or equal to about 100 psi, and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the pressure differential may be greater than or equal to about 1,000 psi.
As the downhole device 2400 is lowered in the borehole, the hydrostatic pressure in a drilling mud volume 2422a pushes an annular compensating ring 2410e downward (to the right in
Similarly, the hydrostatic pressure in the pressurized waste volume 2422b pushes a volume/waste ring 2410f downward (to the right in
Until the downhole device 2400 is signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 2400 is sliding or tripping into or out of the borehole, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in a deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the drill string 120 is rotating, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in an activated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in the activated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the activated position.
As shown in
As discussed above, the downhole device 1900, 2100, 2400 may activated automatically by rpm, by pressure or by other means by the controller/electronics 620, 700 in pockets 1930.
In an embodiment, the dual solenoid valve 2418 is part of the controller/electronics 620, 700 located in the pockets 1930. When the downhole device 1900, 2400 receives a signal by rpm or by other means to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401, the dual solenoid valve 2418 is switched to an open position. The open dual solenoid valve 2418 allows the pressured hydraulic fluid to pass through one or more hydraulic fluid ports 2414 to activate one or more selectable hole cutters 1401.
In an embodiment, the one or more of the hydraulic fluid ports 2414 may be located at each end of the downhole tool 2400 radially inward of the one or more cutter pistons 1402.
This pressurized hydraulic fluid activates the one or more cutter pistons 1402 of the selectable hole cutters 1401, which extends the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the one or more cutters 1406 outward radially to engage and cut a side surface of the drilled hole 130.
Until the downhole device 2400 is signaled to deactivate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the activated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the activated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the activated position. The signal to deactivate may be by stopping rpm or by manual means from an operator.
When the downhole device 2400 receives the signal to deactivate, the dual solenoid valve 2418 is switched to a closed position. The closed dual solenoid valve 2418 allows the pressurized hydraulic fluid to pass through the hydraulic fluid waste port 2414a into the waste volume 2422b. The annular compensating ring 2410e moves slightly upward (to the left in
As such, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are deactivated, returning the one or more cutter pistons 1402 back to the deactivated position via a spring 1410.
The downhole device 2400 is ready to operate and to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 again on demand or automatically when rotation resumes.
In an embodiment, the downhole device 2400 may be activated by opening a dual solenoid valve 2418 and deactivated by closing the dual solenoid valve 2418.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, a spring 1410 and a spacer 1412 are disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout.
When the flow of drilling mud stops (e.g., drilling rig pumps are shut-off), the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will be in a deactivated position. The pressure differential across the volume/waste ring is negligible. The hydraulic fluid return spring 2420c decompresses and moves the volume/waste ring upward (to left in
As a result, hydraulic fluid waste in the waste volume 2422b is forced through the one-way valve 2419 in the volume/waste ring 2410f into the pressurized volume 2422c. This recharges the pressurized volume 2422c so that it does not run out of hydraulic fluid as the downhole device cycles.
The downhole device 2400 is ready to operate and to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 again on demand or automatically when rotation resumes.
In an embodiment, the downhole device 2400 may be activated by opening a dual solenoid valve 2418 and deactivated by closing the dual solenoid valve 2418.
In an embodiment, the hydraulic fluid system 2200 may further comprise a fail-safe solenoid valve 2260. In an embodiment, the fail-safe solenoid valve 2260 may be in a normally open position.
In an event of a power failure, a hydraulic fluid leak, a temperate spike or other adverse situation, the fail-safe solenoid valve 2260 automatically switches to the normally open position to vent pressurized hydraulic fluid out of the downhole device 2400 to deactivate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401. In other words, the one or more springs 1410 return the one or more cutter pistons 1402 to a deactivated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position. The downhole device 2400 may be retrieved from the borehole without any interference from the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401.
Third Alternative Downhole Device Configured as Selectable Hole TrimmerIn an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402.
In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises a cutter blade 1406a and one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutter pistons 1402 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a.
When the downhole device 2500 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 2500, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
The body 2505 of the selectable hole trimmer 2500 is attached to the intermediate sleeve 2510a via a stop lock 2550.
After the downhole device 2500 is lowered in the borehole and an activation dart 2540 is dropped to seal a seat 2544 in the sliding sleeve 2510b, the hydrostatic pressure of the drilling mud on the activation dart 2640 in the seat 2644 forces the sliding sleeve 2610h to move down and to align the lower port 2516 and the upper port 2517, which compresses a return spring 2520b and moves the sliding sleeve 2510b downward. See e.g., 25A.
In an embodiment, an upper port 2517 in the sliding sleeve 2510b aligns with a lower port 2516 in the intermediate sleeve 2510a to pressurize a top of a divider seal ring 2546 with drilling mud. See e.g.,
Alternatively, the sliding sleeve 2510b moves downward and presses on the top of the divider seal ring 2546. See e.g.,
The divider seal ring 2546 moves downward and forces pressurized hydraulic fluid to pass through one or more hydraulic fluid ports 2514 to pressurize a volume 2522 (i.e., hydraulic fluid chamber) and to activate one or more selectable hole cutters 1401. Id.
This pressurized hydraulic fluid activates the one or more cutter pistons 1402 of the selectable hole cutters 1401, which extends the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the one or more cutters 1406 outward radially to engage and cut a side surface of the drilled hole 130.
The activation dart 2540 may be made of any suitable material to seal a seat 2544 in the sliding sleeve 2510b. For example, a suitable material includes, but is not limited to, a metal, a polymer, a rubber or other similar material. In an embodiment, the activation dart 2540 is made of a metal. In an embodiment, the activation dart 2540 is made of a polymer.
The deactivation ball 2542 may be any suitable size to seal a port 2541 in the activation dart 2540. For example, a suitable size includes, but is not limited to from about 1 inch to about 2.75 inch diameter and any range or value there between.
The seat 2544 in the sliding sleeve 2510b may be made of any suitable material. For example, a suitable material includes, but is not limited to, a polymer, a rubber or other similar material. In an embodiment, the seat 2544 is made of a polymer. In an embodiment, the seat 2544 is made of a polyurethane.
Until the downhole device 2500 is manually signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 2500 is sliding or tripping into or out of the borehole, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in a deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position. The signal to activate may be by manual means from an operator.
Manual ActuationWhen the downhole device 2500 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 2500, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
The body 2505 of the selectable hole trimmer 2500 is attached to the intermediate sleeve 2510a via the stop lock 2550.
As the downhole device 2500 is lowered in the borehole, the hydrostatic pressure pushes a sliding sleeve 2510b downward, which compresses hydraulic fluid in a pressurized volume 2522 (i.e., a hydraulic fluid chamber) as the sliding sleeve 2510b slides over the intermediate sleeve 2510a.
Until the downhole device 2500 is manually signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 2500 is sliding or tripping into or out of the borehole, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in a deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position. The signal to activate may be by manual means from an operator.
When the downhole device 2500 is manually signaled to activate, an activation dart 2540 is dropped to seal a seat 2544 in the sliding sleeve 2510b, to increase the pressure of the drilling mud above the sealed dart 2540 and to provide by-pass flow of the drilling mud to the drill bit 132. The pressure of the drilling mud compresses the return spring 2520b and moves the sliding sleeve 2510b downward.
In an embodiment, an upper port 2517 in the sliding sleeve 2510b aligns with a lower port 2516 in the intermediate sleeve 2510a to pressurize a top of a divider seal ring 2546 with drilling mud. See e.g.,
Alternatively, the sliding sleeve 2510b moves downward and presses on the top of the divider sear ring 2546 with drilling mud. See e.g.,
The divider seal ring 2546 moves downward and forces pressurized hydraulic fluid to pass through one or more hydraulic fluid ports 2514 to pressurize a volume 2522 (i.e., hydraulic fluid chamber) and to activate one or more selectable hole cutters 1401. Id.
In an embodiment, the one or more of the hydraulic fluid ports 2514 may be located at each end of the downhole tool 2500 radially inward of the one or more cutter pistons 1402.
This pressurized hydraulic fluid activates the one or more cutter pistons 1402 of the selectable hole cutters 1401, which extends the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the one or more cutters 1406 outward radially to engage and cut a side surface of the drilled hole 130.
When the flow of drilling mud stops (e.g., drilling rig pumps are shut-off), the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will be in a deactivated position. This activation/deactivation of the one or more cutters 1406 is automatic for as long as the dart 2540 remains sealed in the seat 2544.
In an embodiment, the pressurized hydraulic fluid pushes the divider seal ring 2546 upwards and forces the drilling mud to flow through a check valve 2562, which bypasses an upper seal 2549. See e.g.,
Alternatively, the pressurized hydraulic fluid and return spring 2520b forces the divider seal ring 2546 upwards. See e.g.,
Until the downhole device 2500 is manually signaled to deactivate (or until the flow of the drilling mud stops), the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the activated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the activated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the activated position. The signal to deactivate may be by manual means from an operator.
When the downhole device 2500 receives the signal to deactivate, a deactivation ball 2542 is dropped to seal a port 2541 through the activation dart 2540 and to stop the bypass flow of drilling mud to the drill bit 132. The pressure difference across the activation dart 2540 forces the activation dart 2540 through the seat 2544 along with the deactivation ball 2542 into a catcher basket 2570.
As such, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are deactivated, returning the one or more cutter pistons 1402 back to the deactivated position via a spring 1410 and returning the pressurized hydraulic fluid back into the pressurized volume 2522 (i.e., pressurized hydraulic fluid chamber).
The downhole device 2500 is ready to operate and to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 again when another activation dart 2540 is dropped.
In an embodiment, the downhole device 2500 may be activated by dropping an activation dart 2540 and deactivated by dropping a deactivation ball 2542.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, a spring 1410 and a spacer 1412 are disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout.
Automatic ActuationAs shown in
As discussed above, the downhole device 1900, 2100, 2500 may activated automatically by rpm, by pressure or by other means by the controller/electronics 620, 700 in pockets 1930.
For example, downhole device 2500 may include an alternative, controller/electronic controlled hydraulic fluid supply. See e.g.,
In an embodiment, the hydraulic fluid system 2200 may further comprise a fail-safe solenoid valve 2260. In an embodiment, the fail-safe solenoid valve 2260 may be in a normally open position.
In an event of a power failure, a hydraulic fluid leak, a temperate spike or other adverse situation, the fail-safe solenoid valve 2260 automatically switches to the normally open position to vent pressurized hydraulic fluid out of the downhole device 2500 to deactivate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401. In other words, the one or more springs 1410 return the one or more cutter pistons 1402 to a deactivated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position. The downhole device 2500 may be retrieved from the borehole without any interference from the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401.
Fourth Alternative Downhole Device Configured as Selectable Hole TrimmerIn an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402.
In an embodiment, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 comprises a cutter blade 1406a and one or more cutter pistons 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutter pistons 1402 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a. In an embodiment, the cutter blade 1406a has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter blade 1406a.
When the downhole device 2600 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 2600, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
The body 2605 of the selectable hole trimmer 2600 may be attached to the upper sleeve 2610g via a connection. In an embodiment, the body 2605 of the selectable hole trimmer 2600 may be attached to the upper sleeve 2610g via a threaded connection (e.g., threaded nut).
In an embodiment, the upper sleeve is held in place with a snap ring (not shown) at an upper end. In an embodiment, the snap ring (not shown) may act as a stop.
In an embodiment, the upper sleeve 2610g is held in place with a stop (not shown) at a lower end and a snap ring (not shown) at an upper end.
The upper sleeve 2610g provides a radial spacer such that the cross-sectional area of the charge sleeve 2610h is the same at a lower end and an upper end so that the charge sleeve 2610h is not moved downward or upward due to hydrostatic pressure.
The upper sleeve 2610g acts as an upper stop for the charge sleeve 2610h.
After the downhole device 2600 is lowered in the borehole and the activation ball 2640 is dropped to seal a seat 2644 in the catch sleeve 2610i, the hydrostatic pressure of the drilling mud on the activation ball 2640 in the seat 2644 disengages a detent ring 2611 (between the charge sleeve 2610h and the catch sleeve 2610i) and allows the catch sleeve 2610i to move slightly downward to a lower position (to the right in
The activation ball 2640a may be made of any suitable material to seal a seat 2644 in the catch sleeve 2610i. For example, a suitable material includes, but is not limited to, a metal, a polymer, rubber or other similar material. In an embodiment, the activation ball 2640a is made of metal. In an embodiment, the activation ball 2640a is made of a polymer. In an embodiment, the activation ball 2640a is made of a rubber.
The activation ball 2640a may be any suitable size to seal the seat 2644 in the catch sleeve 2610i. For example, a suitable size includes, but is not limited to from about 2.25 inch to about 2.75 inch diameter and any range or value there between. In an embodiment, the activation ball 2640a is about 2.375 inches in diameter. In an embodiment, the activation ball 2640a is about 2.5-inches in diameter.
The detent ring 2611 may be made from any suitable material. For example, a suitable material includes, but is not limited to a metal, a polymer, a rubber or other similar material. In an embodiment, the detent ring 2611 is made from a polymer. In an embodiment, the detent ring 2611 is made from a rubber. In an embodiment, the detent ring 2611 is made from a metal. In an embodiment, the detent ring 2611 may be a metal C-ring.
In an embodiment, the detent ring 2611 is disposed between the charge sleeve 2610h and the catch sleeve 2610i. In an embodiment, the detent ring 2611 holds the catch sleeve 2610i in relative position to the charge sleeve 2610h.
The drilling mud flows from the charge sleeve 2610h through a bypass port 2617a into a drilling mud volume 2622a in the body 2605. Then, the drilling mud flows from the drilling mud volume 2622a through a return port 2616a in the charge sleeve 2610h and in the catch sleeve 2610i back into the interior of the charge sleeve 2610h to provide a bypass flow of drilling mud to the drill bit 132.
The charge sleeve 2610h moves downward to a lower position (to the right in
This pressurized hydraulic fluid activates the one or more cutter pistons 1402 of the selectable hole cutters 1401, which extends the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the one or more cutters 1406 outward radially to engage and cut a side surface of the drilled hole 130.
In an embodiment, the charge sleeve 2610h has an internal stop (not shown) to prevent the catch sleeve 2610i from moving further downward. In an embodiment, the charge sleeve 2610h has the internal stop (not shown) at about an axial mid-position to prevent the catch sleeve 2610i from moving further down ward.
Until the downhole device 2600 is manually signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 2600 is sliding or tripping into or out of a borehole, the downhole device 2600, namely the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are in a deactivated position. The one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also the deactivated position.
Until the downhole device 2600 is manually signaled to activate, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position.
When the downhole device 2600 is sliding or tripping into or out of the borehole, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are designed to be in a deactivated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 are in a deactivated position with the one or more cutters 1406 also in the deactivated position. The signal to activate may be by manual means from an operator.
Manual ActuationWhen the downhole device 2600 is manually signaled to activate, the activation ball 2640 is dropped to seal the seat 2644 on the catch sleeve 2610i, to increase the hydrostatic pressure of the drilling mud above the sealed ball 2640. The hydrostatic pressure of the drilling mud on the activation ball 2640 in the seat 2644 disengages the detent ring 2611 (between the charge sleeve 2610h and the catch sleeve 2610i) and allows the catch sleeve 2610i to move slightly downward to the lower position (to the right in
The drilling mud flows from the charge sleeve 2610h through the bypass port 2617a into a drilling mud volume 2622a in the body 2605. Then, the drilling mud flows from the drilling mud volume 2622a through the return port 2616a in the charge sleeve 2610h and in the catch sleeve 2610i back into the interior of the charge sleeve 2610h to provide the bypass flow of drilling mud to the drill bit 132.
The charge sleeve 2610h moves downward to the lower position and forces pressurized hydraulic fluid through the hydraulic fluid ports 2614 in the transfer sleeve 2610j and through the hydraulic ports 2414a along an outer diameter of the transfer sleeve 2610j to activate one or more selectable hole cutters 1401.
This pressurized hydraulic fluid activates the one or more cutter pistons 1402 of the selectable hole cutters 1401, which extends the one or more cutter pistons 1402 and the one or more cutters 1406 outward radially to engage and cut a side surface of the drilled hole 130.
Until the flow of the drilling mud stops), the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will remain in the activated position. In other words, the one or more cutter pistons 1402 will remain in the activated position with one or more cutters 1406 also in the activated position.
When the flow of drilling mud stops (e.g., drilling rig pumps are shut-off), the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will be in a deactivated position. As such, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are deactivated via the spring 1410, returning the one or more cutter pistons 1402 back to the deactivated position via a spring 1410 and returning the charge sleeve 2610h and catch sleeve 2610i upward to their upper positions due to increased hydraulic fluid pressure. See e.g.,
The downhole device 2600 is ready to operate and to activate the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 again when the flow of drilling mud continues.
When the flow of drilling mud continues (e.g., drilling rig pumps are turned on), the charge sleeve 2610h and the catch sleeve 2610i will move downward again to the lower position (to the right in
When the flow of drilling mud stops (e.g., drilling rig pumps are shut-off), the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 will be in a deactivated position. As such, the one or more selectable hole cutters 1401 are deactivated via the spring 1410, returning the one or more cutter pistons 1402 back to the deactivated position via a spring 1410 and returning the charge sleeve 2610h upward to the upper position (to the left in
The downhole device 2600 is ready to slide or trip out of the borehole.
When the downhole device 2600 is sliding or tripping out of the borehole, the drilling mud above the actuation ball in the charge sleeve drains through a port 2616b into the drilling mud volume 2622a. Then, the drilling mud drains from the drilling mud volume 2622a through the return port 2616a back into the interior of the charge sleeve 2610h and out of the selectable hole trimmer 2600.
In an embodiment, the selectable hole cutter 1401 has a cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, the cutter piston 1402 has one or more cutters 1406 affixed to the cutter piston 1402. In an embodiment, a spring 1410 and a spacer 1412 are disposed between the cutter piston 1402 and the container 1408 or cutout.
Method of Using Second Alternative Downhole Device Configured as Selectable Hole TrimmerAs shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As show in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
In the foregoing description of certain embodiments, specific terminology has been resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific terms so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific term includes other technical equivalents, which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar technical purpose. Terms (e.g., “outer” and “inner,” “upper” and “lower,” “first” and “second,” “internal” and “external,” “above” and “below” and the like) are used as words of convenience to provide reference points and, as such, are not to be construed as limiting terms.
The embodiments set forth herein are presented to explain the present invention and its practical application and to thereby enable those skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the foregoing description has been presented for the purpose of illustration and example only. The description as set forth is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims.
Also, the various embodiments described above may be implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, e.g., aspects of one embodiment may be combined with aspects of another embodiment to realize yet other embodiments. Further, each independent feature or component of any given assembly may constitute an additional embodiment.
DefinitionsAs used herein, the terms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” mean one or more, unless the context dictates otherwise.
As used herein, the term “about” means the stated value plus or minus a margin of error plus or minus 10% if no method of measurement is indicated.
As used herein, the term “or” means “and/or” unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or if the alternatives are mutually exclusive.
As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “comprises,” and “comprise” are open-ended transition terms used to transition from a subject recited before the term to one or more elements recited after the term, where the element or elements listed after the transition term are not necessarily the only elements that make up the subject.
As used herein, the terms “containing,” “contains,” and “contain” have the same open-ended meaning as “comprising,” “comprises,” and “comprise,” provided above.
As used herein, the terms “having,” “has,” and “have” have the same open-ended meaning as “comprising,” “comprises,” and “comprise,” provided above.
As used herein, the terms “including,” “includes,” and “include” have the same open-ended meaning as “comprising,” “comprises,” and “comprise,” provided above.
As used herein, the phrase “consisting of” is a closed transition term used to transition from a subject recited before the term to one or more material elements recited after the term, where the material element or elements listed after the transition term are the only material elements that make up the subject.
As used herein, the term “simultaneously” means occurring at the same time or about the same time, including concurrently.
Incorporation by Reference. All patents and patent applications, articles, reports, and other documents cited herein are fully incorporated by reference to the extent they are not inconsistent with this invention.
Claims
1. A downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimmer comprising:
- an upper sleeve affixed inside a body via a stop, wherein the body comprises a drilling mud volume;
- a charge sleeve comprising a bypass port, wherein the charge sleeve is slidable inside the upper sleeve to provide a pressure to a pressurized volume;
- a catch sleeve comprising a return port, wherein the catch sleeve is slidable inside the charge sleeve to align the bypass port and the return port with the drilling mud volume;
- an actuator fluidly connected to the pressurized volume via a port, wherein the actuator is configured to provide a pressure to a selectable hole cutter of the body via an actuation port in the transfer sleeve and actuate the selectable hole cutter piston of the selectable hole cutter to move relative to the body, wherein the cutter piston comprises one or more cutters; and
- a manual controller configured to operate the actuator in response to a dropped activation ball.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the cutter piston comprises a cutter blade, wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the selectable hole cutter comprises one or more cutter pistons, wherein the one or more cutter pistons comprise a cutter blade and wherein the cutter blade comprises the one or more cutters.
4. The device of claim 1 comprising:
- a charge subassembly, wherein the charge subassembly comprises the upper sleeve, the charge sleeve, and the catch sleeve; and
- a trimmer subassembly, wherein the transfer subassembly comprises a transfer sleeve and the selectable hole cutter.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper sleeve acts as an upper stop for the charge sleeve and/or the catch sleeve.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper sleeve is held in place with a stop at a lower end and a snap ring at an upper end.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein an internal stop in the charge sleeve acts as a lower stop for the catch sleeve.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the catch sleeve is capable of moving to a lower position to provide the pressure through the activation ports.
9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a detent ring disposed between the charge sleeve and the catch sleeve.
10. The device of claim 9, wherein the detent ring is made of a metal, a polymer or a rubber.
11. The device of claim 9, wherein the detent ring is made of a rubber.
12. The device of claim 9, wherein the detent ring is made from a metal.
13. The device of claim 9, wherein the detent ring holds the catch sleeve in a relative position to the charge sleeve.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein the activation ball is made of a metal, a polymer or a rubber.
15. The device of claim 14, wherein the activation ball is made of a metal.
16. A method of using a downhole device configured as a selectable hole trimmer comprising:
- providing a drill bit a flow of drilling fluids;
- lowering a selectable hole trimmer in a borehole;
- dropping an activation ball to seal a seat in a charge sleeve, disengage a detent ring between the charge sleeve and a catch sleeve and allow the catch sleeve to move downward to a lower position within the charge sleeve; and
- directing the flow of the drilling fluids from the charge sleeve through a bypass port into a drilling fluid volume and from the drilling fluid volume through a return port back into an interior of the charge sleeve to move the charge sleeve downward, wherein the charge sleeve forces hydraulic fluid through an activation port to a selectable hole cutter to activate a selectable hole cutter.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
- stopping the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer to deactivate the selectable hole cutter and to move the charge sleeve and the catch sleeve upward.
18. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
- stopping the flow of the drilling fluids through the selectable hole trimmer;
- raising the selectable hole trimer in the borehole; and
- draining drilling fluids above the actuation ball in the charge sleeve through a port into the drilling mud volume and from the drilling mud volume through a return port back into the interior of the charge sleeve and out of the selectable hole trimmer.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 14, 2024
Publication Date: Jun 6, 2024
Applicant: Black Diamond Oilfield Rentals LLC (Houston, TX)
Inventors: Steven R. Radford (Houston, TX), Brian D. Hill (Houston, TX), Carl E. Poteet, III (Houston, TX)
Application Number: 18/441,816
